Research by Scott M. Graffius Referenced in the 'Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America'

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Research by Scott M Graffius Featured by PNAS Publication - August 2023 - Cover Image for Blog


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The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) references Scott M. Graffius' research on the half-life of social media. Highlights follow.

Research by Scott M Graffius Featured by PNAS Publication - August 2023 - Page 1 Excerpt for Blog

Research by Scott M Graffius Featured by PNAS Publication - August 2023 - Page 3 Excerpt for Blog

Research by Scott M Graffius Featured by PNAS Publication - August 2023 - Visual Excerpt for Blog

Thanks to the authors of the PNAS journal article:

  • Philipp J. Schneider - College of Management of Technology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; and
  • Marian-Andrei Rizoiu - Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia.

Citation for PNAS journal article:

Schneider, Philipp J., & Rizoiu, Marian-Andrei (2023, August 22). The Effectiveness of Moderating Harmful Online Content. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 120 (34): e2307360120. Available at:
https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2307360120. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307360120.

Citation for Graffius’ research:

Graffius, Scott M. (2023, January 1). The Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2023. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/social-2023.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.19783.98722. Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

About the PNAS

The
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), is an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences. The journal is global in scope and submission is open to researchers worldwide.

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About Scott M. Graffius


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Scott M. Graffius, PMP, SA, CSP-SM, CSP-PO, CSM, CSPO, SFE, ITIL, LSSGB is an agile project management practitioner, consultant, multi-award-winning author, and international keynote speaker. He is the Founder of Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions™ and subsidiary Exceptional Agility™. He has generated over $1.9 billion of business value in aggregate for Global Fortune 500 businesses and other organizations he has served. Graffius and content from his books, talks, workshops, and more have been featured and used by businesses, professional associations, governments, and universities. Examples include Microsoft, Oracle, Broadcom, Cisco, Gartner, Project Management Institute, IEEE, Qantas, National Academy of Sciences, United States Department of Energy, New Zealand Ministry of Education, Yale University, Tufts University, and others. He has delighted audiences with dynamic and engaging talks and workshops on agile, project management, and technology (including AI) leadership at 87 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

His full bio is available
here.

Connect with Scott on:


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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

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Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow instructions, the multi award-winning
Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions book by Scott M. Graffius (Chris Hare and Colin Giffen, Technical Editors) helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile framework―Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

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Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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The short URL for this article is:
https://bit.ly/pnas-blog

© Copyright 2023 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.





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Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2024

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

 Scott M Graffius - Lifespan HalfLife of Social Media Posts - Infographic Visual - 2024 Edition - v 23122407 - JPG 1000x570



A PDF of this article is
here.


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Introduction

Individuals and businesses use the Internet and other forms of digital communication to reach and engage target audiences and promote content. That’s digital marketing. It includes email, social media, web-based advertising, and text and multimedia messages.

A rapidly expanding component of digital marketing is social media marketing. It involves posting content on social media platforms such as Snapchat, X (formerly known as Twitter), Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, YouTube, Pinterest, and blogs. The platforms enable people to connect with family and friends, share information and ideas, and access news and entertainment. The platforms also play a vital role in business by providing companies with direct channels to reach and engage with their target audiences. When well-executed, social media marketing delivers multiple benefits, including:

  • Engagement with a global audience — there are 4,950,000,000 (4.95 billion) active social media users worldwide.B1
  • Improved brand and marketplace awareness and reach.
  • Enhanced customer engagement.
  • Increased website traffic.
  • Improved search engine rankings.
  • And more.

scott m graffius - social media half-life definition - tw format - v dec 26 2023 - LwRes

When content is published online, relevance and engagement have a limited lifespan. An advantageous objective metric is half-life. It’s the time it takes for a post to receive half of its total engagement (such as likes, shares, and comments). Data can help inform strategic and tactical decisions, such as the frequency and scheduling of posts.

In 2018, Scott M. Graffius first published data on the lifespan (half-life) of social media posts. Algorithms and other factors on platforms change over time.B2 For that reason, Graffius periodically updates the analysis. This article provides the update for 2024.

Reports by others on the shelf life of social media are often based on the experience of one person, one organization, or one limited set of data. With any of those common limitations, findings are at risk of being non-representative, inaccurate, or unreliable.

It’s important to have a broad set of data from multiple sources. In addition to generating results that are more likely to be appropriately representative, accurate, and reliable, this approach provides a more complete picture and helps identify trends. Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2024” — this research report — is built on data from 37 sources.A

Based on an analysis of data from 37 diverse sources,A this report reveals the average lifespan (half-life) for posts on Snapchat, X, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, YouTube, Pinterest, and blogs.

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Main Section of Article

As detailed next, the half-life of posts varies by social media platform.

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Scott M Graffius - Lifespan Halflife of Social Media Posts - 2024 - Blog Sections - 1000x250 - Snapchat

Snapchat

Snapchat is a multimedia instant messaging app and service developed by Snap Inc., originally Snapchat Inc. A distinguishing feature of the platform is that pictures and messages are usually only available for a short time before they become inaccessible to their recipients. Snapchat has 750,000,000 (750 million) active users.B3

Scott M Graffius - Lifespan HalfLife of Social Media Posts - 2024 Update - PTC Style - v23100707 - Sq - Snapchat - LwRes

The average half-life duration for Snapchat posts is 0 minutes.A Exceptions apply. Snapchat messages may disappear instantly or live up to 24 hours (even longer in certain cases) depending on the type of message, user settings, and other details.

Algorithms and other factors on platforms can change over time, potentially impacting the average half-life duration for posts. For comparison, here’s data on Snapchat for 2024 along with the last two annual editions of this report:

  • 2024: 0 minutes (exceptions apply).A
  • 2023: 0 minutes (exceptions apply).B4
  • 2022: 0 minutes (exceptions apply).B5


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Scott M Graffius - Lifespan Halflife of Social Media Posts - 2024 - Blog Sections - 1000x250 - X

X

X (formerly known as Twitter) is a microblogging and social networking service owned by X Holdings II, Inc. (a wholly owned subsidiary of X Holdings I, Inc., wholly owned by Elon Musk), on which users post and interact with messages known as "tweets". X has 666,000,000 (666 million) active users.B3 (Note: The data source is held in high regard. Some other organizations report a lower value.)

Scott M Graffius - Lifespan HalfLife of Social Media Posts - 2024 Update - PTC Style - v23100707 - Sq - X - Rev - LwRes

The average half-life duration for tweets is 43 minutes.A

Algorithms and other factors on platforms can change over time, potentially impacting the average half-life duration for posts. For comparison, here’s data on Twitter for 2024 along with the last two annual editions of this report:

  • 2024: 43 minutes.A
  • 2023: 24 minutes.B4
  • 2022: 23 minutes.B5

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Scott M Graffius - Lifespan Halflife of Social Media Posts - 2024 - Blog Sections - 1000x250 - Facebook

Facebook

Facebook is an online social media and social networking service owned by Meta Platforms. It's the third most visited website in the world. Facebook has 3,030,000,000 (3.03 billion) active users.B3

Scott M Graffius - Lifespan HalfLife of Social Media Posts - 2024 Update - PTC Style - v23100707 - Sq - Facebook - LwRes

The average half-life duration for Facebook posts is 76 minutes (= 1.27 hours).A

Algorithms and other factors on platforms can change over time, potentially impacting the average half-life duration for posts. For comparison, here’s data on Facebook for 2024 along with the last two annual editions of this report:

  • 2024: 76 minutes.A
  • 2023: 105 minutes.B4
  • 2022: 60 minutes.B5

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Scott M Graffius - Lifespan Halflife of Social Media Posts - 2024 - Blog Sections - 1000x250 - Instagram

Instagram

Instagram is a photo and video-sharing service owned by Meta Platforms. The service allows users to upload media that can be edited with filters and organized by hashtags and geographical tagging. Users can browse other users’ content by tag and location, view trending content, like photos, and follow other users to add their content to a personal feed. Instagram has 2,000,000,000 (2.00 billion) active users.B3

Scott M Graffius - Lifespan HalfLife of Social Media Posts - 2024 Update - PTC Style - v23100707 - Sq - Instagram - LwRes

The average half-life duration for Instagram posts is 1,185 minutes (= 19.75 hours).A

Algorithms and other factors on platforms can change over time, potentially impacting the average half-life duration for posts. For comparison, here’s data on Instagram for 2024 along with the last two annual editions of this report:

  • 2024: 1,185 minutes (= 19.75 hours).A
  • 2023: 1,200 minutes (= 20.00 hours).B4
  • 2022: 1,170 minutes (= 19.50 hours).B5

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Scott M Graffius - Lifespan Halflife of Social Media Posts - 2024 - Blog Sections - 1000x250 - LinkedIn

LinkedIn

LinkedIn is a business and employment-oriented online service. It's a wholly-owned subsidiary of Microsoft. LinkedIn claims to have 875,000,000+ (875 million) users.B6 However, it does not report how many of those users are active users. It’s estimated that 424,000,000 (424 million) are active users.B7

Scott M Graffius - Lifespan HalfLife of Social Media Posts - 2024 Update - PTC Style - v23100707 - Sq - LinkedIn - LwRes

The average half-life duration for LinkedIn posts is 1,458 minutes (= 24.30 hours).A

Algorithms and other factors on platforms can change over time, potentially impacting the average half-life duration for posts. For comparison, here’s data on LinkedIn for 2024 along with the last two annual editions of this report:

  • 2024: 1,458 minutes (= 24.30 hours).A
  • 2023: 1,440 minutes (= 24.00 hours).B4
  • 2022: 1,440 minutes (= 24.00 hours).B5

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Scott M Graffius - Lifespan Halflife of Social Media Posts - 2024 - Blog Sections - 1000x250 - YouTube

YouTube

YouTube is an online video-sharing platform. It's owned by Google, and it's the second most visited website, after Google Search. YouTube has 2,490,000,000 (2.49 billion) active users.B3

Scott M Graffius - Lifespan HalfLife of Social Media Posts - 2024 Update - PTC Style - v23100707 - Sq - YouTube - LwRes

The average half-life duration for YouTube posts is 12,717 minutes (= 8.83 days).A

Algorithms and other factors on platforms can change over time, potentially impacting the average half-life duration for posts. For comparison, here’s data on YouTube for 2024 along with the last two annual editions of this report:

  • 2024: 12,717 minutes (= 211.95 hours = 8.83 days).A
  • 2023: 12,672 minutes (= 211.20 hours = 8.80 days).B4
  • 2022: 8,640 minutes (= 144.00 hours = 6.00 days).B5

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Scott M Graffius - Lifespan Halflife of Social Media Posts - 2024 - Blog Sections - 1000x250 - Pinterest

Pinterest


Pinterest is an image-sharing service designed to enable the saving and discovery of information (specifically "ideas") on the internet using images — and on a smaller scale, videos — in the form of pinboards. The platform is operated by Pinterest, Inc. It has 465,000,000 (465 million) active users.B3

Scott M Graffius - Lifespan HalfLife of Social Media Posts - 2024 Update - PTC Style - v23100707 - Sq - Pinterest - LwRes

The average half-life duration for Pinterest posts is 164,518 minutes (= 3.76 months).A

Algorithms and other factors on platforms can change over time, potentially impacting the average half-life duration for posts. For comparison, here’s data on Pinterest for 2024 along with the last two annual editions of this report:

  • 2024: 164,518 minutes (= 2,741.97 hours = 114.25 days = 16.32 weeks = 3.76 months).A
  • 2023: 164,270 minutes (= 2,737.83 hours = 114.08 days = 16.30 weeks = 3.76 months).B4
  • 2022: 164,270 minutes (= 2,737.83 hours = 114.08 days = 16.30 weeks = 3.76 months).B5

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Scott M Graffius - Lifespan Halflife of Social Media Posts - 2024 - Blog Sections - 1000x250 - Blogs

Blogs

Blogs (a truncation of "weblogs") are discussion or informational websites consisting of discrete, often diary-style entries. Up until 2009, blogs were usually the work of individuals and each typically covered a single topic. In the 2010s, multi-author blogs (MABs) from media outlets and others emerged. In addition to featuring the writings of multiple authors, MABs often span a range of topics. It is estimated that there are over 600,000,000 (600 million) blogs.B8

Scott M Graffius - Lifespan HalfLife of Social Media Posts - 2024 Update - PTC Style - v23100707 - Sq - Blogs - LwRes

The average half-life duration for blog posts is 1,022,997 minutes (= 1.95 years).A

The functionality of blogs and other factors can change over time, potentially impacting the average half-life duration for posts. For comparison, here’s data on blogs for 2024 along with the prior annual edition of this report (note: this research started reporting on blogs in 2023):

  • 2024: 1,022,997 minutes (1.95 years).A
  • 2023: 1,051,200 minutes (2.00 years).B4

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Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blog_Spacer_-_v23111107_-_Conclusion

Conclusion

Social media platforms — such as Snapchat, X, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, YouTube, Pinterest, and blogs — enable people to connect with family and friends, share information and ideas, and access news and entertainment. The platforms also provide organizations with direct channels to reach and engage with their target audiences.

The relevance and engagement of posts on social media platforms have a limited lifespan. An advantageous objective metric is half-life. It’s the time it takes for a post to receive half of its total engagement (such as likes, shares, and comments). In 2018, Scott M. Graffius first published data on the lifespan (half-life) of social media posts. Algorithms and other factors on platforms change over time. For that reason, Graffius periodically updates the analysis. This report, which is based on half-life data from 37 sources, provides an update for 2024.

Social media analytics provide valuable insights that can support efforts to level-up engagement and results.B9,B10,B11,B12,B13,B14,B15 Data on the average lifespan (half-life) of posts, for example, can help inform strategic and tactical decisions such as the frequency and scheduling of posts.

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Graffius’ Research is Widely Cited

Scientists, researchers, journalists, academics, YouTubers, podcasters, SEO experts, analysts, businesses, and others have featured and used prior — 2023 and earlier — editions of Scott M. Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” research. Here are a few examples:

  • Bensley, Robert J., & Brookins-Fisher, Jodi (2023, December 14). Community and Public Health Education Methods: A Practical Guide—Fifth Edition. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. [The authors cover Graffius’ work in Chapter 10 (Using Social Media) and list Graffius’ work as reference number 84 on page 256. A link to the publication at Google Books is here: https://bit.ly/cphem-5.]
  • Berkessel, Juergen (2021, October 27). How Evergreen Posting on Social Media for Podcasters Creates Growth. Season 1, Episode 9 of the Podcasting Strategy Show. Available at: https://polymash.com/evergreen-posting. [The podcast references Graffius’ research. Show notes include Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” visual as well as a hyperlink to Graffius’ full report.]
  • Burton, Taylor (2022, November 2). Social Media Marketing: Leveraging LinkedIn. Pennsylvania Bar Institute. Available at: https://go.pbi.org/blog/social-media-marketing-leveraging-linkedin. [In the article, “LinkedIn posts are shown to have a longer lifespan” is hyperlinked to Graffius’ research.]
  • Center for Direct Marketing (2022, September 27). What Is the Average Lifespan of a Blog or Social Media Post? Available at: https://dmcenter.com/lifespan-of-a-post. [The article include data from Graffius and a hyperlink to his research.]
  • Chowdhary, Tanish (2023, March 21). 13 Best Twitter Thread Tools to Go Viral in 2023. Geekflare. Available at: https://geekflare.com/best-twitter-thread-tools. [The article includes Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” visual and a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  • Confederation of European Waste-to-Energy Plants (CEWEP) (2023, June 15). The Power of Social Media and How to Use It. 10th CEWEP Waste-to-Energy Congress, 14th - 16th June 2023, Berlin. Available at: https://www.cewep.eu/congress2023presentations/ and https://www.cewep.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/4.1-Monika-Michalska.pdf. [CEWEP Congress presentation slide 9 featured Graffius’ visual, representing a summary of his research findings.]
  • Degraux, Xavier (2022, November 5). Quelle est la Durée d’un Post sur Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn. Available at: https://www.xavierdegraux.be/quelle-est-la-duree-dun-post-sur-twitter-instagram-linkedin. [In his article, Xavier Degraux — a social networks and content marketing consultant based in Belgium — discussed Graffius' work and provided a hyperlink to the research. Here's the title in English: How Long is a Post on Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn.]
  • Encompass Online Marketing (2023, March 15). How Often Should You Publish New Content? Available at: https://encompassonline.ca/blog/how-often-should-you-publish-new-content. [Among other points, the article references the lifespan of tweets and has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  • Fallah, Georges (2023, December 18). The Best Times to Post on Social Media. Available at: https://www.vbout.com/blog/the-best-times-to-post-on-social-media. [The article has hyperlinks to Graffius’ research.]
  • Gebauer, Susanna (2022, October 25). Twitter Scheduling: How to Schedule Tweets for More Impact. Available at: https://susannagebauer.com/blog/twitter-scheduling/. [The article includes a link to Graffius' research.]
  • Geyser, Werner (2023, September 20). 34 Mind-blowing Pinterest Stats for 2023. Influencer Marketing Hub. Available at: https://influencermarketinghub.com/pinterest-stats. [The article references the durations of “three months” and provides a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  • GoDaddy (2023, February 20). How to Do Social Media: A Guide for Small Businesses and Entrepreneurs. Available at: https://www.godaddy.com/resources/skills/how-to-do-social-media. [In discussing the lifespan of tweets, the article provides a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  • Gotch, Nathan (2023, December 4). How to Start an SEO Business (2024 Update). Available at: https://www.gotchseo.com/start-seo-company/. [The article includes Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” visual and a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  • Hawes, C. W. (2023, January 24). Social Media Half-Life. Available at: https://www.cwhawes.com/social-media-half-life. [The article identifies Graffius’ research and has a hyperlink to it.]
  • Lin, Yunduan, & Wang, Mengxin, & Zhang, Heng, & Zhang, Renyu, & Shen, Zuo-Jun Max (2021, June 9; revised 2023, June 28). Content Promotion for Online Content Platforms with the Diffusion Effect. SSRN. Available at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3863104 and https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3863104. [The scientific paper mentions Graffius’ work, and it delineates his research in the References section.]
  • McErlain-Naylor, Stuart (2022, March 24). Social Media for Academia - All You Need to Know [Video]. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ka88MxZbU8o. [At timestamp 13:59 in the video, Dr. Stuart McErlain-Naylor displays a visual which summarizes the 2022 edition of Graffius’ research.]
  • MeetEdgar (2023, April 2). Everything You Need to Know About Repeating Social Media Content. Available at: https://meetedgar.com/blog/repeating-social-media-content. [This article from social media management tool company MeetEdgar discusses the lifespan of posts and it has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  • Memom, Alafiya (2023, June 14). Master the Art of Using Pinterest for Blogging in 2023. ContentStudio. Available at: https://blog.contentstudio.io/pinterest-for-blogging. [The article rounds up the half-life of Pinterest pins as “4 months” and it includes a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  • Metricool (2023, October 31). YouTube Marketing in 2023. Available at: https://metricool.com/youtube-marketing. [The article includes “According to Scott Graffius’s data ...” and a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  • Patel, Neil (2023, May 23). 18 Powerful Twitter Marketing Tips [That Actually Work]. Neil Patel. Available at: https://neilpatel.com/blog/twitter-marketing-tips. [In the article, “The average lifespan of one tweet” has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  • Pitzalis, Josh (2022, November 21). Finding Social Media Calendar Ideas for Twitter. Chirr App. Available at: https://getchirrapp.com/how-to/find. [The article references the half-life of a tweet and has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  • Pugalia, Akash, & Lalani, Farah (2023, September 29). Digital Safety: How a Multi-Faceted Approach Can Help Tackle Real-World Harm. World Economic Forum. Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/09/digital-safety-multi-faceted-approach-tackle-real-world-harm. [The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) included data by Graffius on the half-life of social media. The World Economic Forum covered that PNAS study in their article.]
  • Rainey, Clint (2023, August 15). Social Media’s Toxic Impact Can Last Up to 8 Days. This Behavioral Scientist’s Solution Might Surprise You. Available at: https://www.fastcompany.com/90939081/social-media-toxic-impact-content-moderation-solution-behavior-science. [The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) included Graffius’ research data on the half-life of social media. Fast Company covered that PNAS publication — and summarized Graffius’ data from it — in their article.]
  • Rynek Pro (2023, June 26). Długość Życia Postów (Half-Life) w Mediach Społecznościowych w 2023 Roku. Available at: https://rynek.pro/half-life-dlugosc-zycia-postow/#pll_switcher. [Rynek Pro, a Poland-based advertising agency, featured Graffius’ research in their article. Here’s the title in English: Life Expectancy of Posts (Half-Life) in Social Media in 2023.]
  • Schneider, Philipp J., & Rizoiu, Marian-Andrei (2023, August 22). The Effectiveness of Moderating Harmful Online Content. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 120 (34): e2307360120. Available at: https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2307360120. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307360120. [The scientific paper references Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” research and uses his data.]
  • Strozyk, Kaylee (2023, November 3). 11 Tips on How to Use Pinterest for Real Estate. Fit Small Business. Available at: https://fitsmallbusiness.com/how-to-use-pinterest-for-real-estate-agents. [The article references that the half-life of Pinterest pins is “about 3.75 months.” Selecting the respective hyperlink brings up Graffius’ research.]
  • Thailand TV News (2022, August 16). Half-Life of Each Social Media Post. Available at: https://thailandtv.news/half-life-of-each-social-media-post-thumbsup. [The article incorporates data from Graffius’ work and it has a hyperlink to his research.]
  • The Tech Reps (2023, January 23). SEO or Social Media Marketing, Which is Better for Sales? [video]. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVmQdHDXCrw. [The Tech Reps used Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” visual as the background image in their video.]
  • Two Rivers Marketing (2020, December 9). 8 Social Media Channels and Tactics to Consider Adding to Your Marketing Mix. Available at: https://www.tworiversmarketing.com/blog/8-social-media-channels-and-tactics-to-consider-adding-to-your-marketing-mix. [The article references the lifespan of posts and has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  • Walters, Christy (2023, May 4). How To Curate Content for LinkedIn: Handpick Your Next Post. CopyPress. Available at: https://www.copypress.com/kb/social-media-promotion/curate-content-for-linkedin. [The article discusses the lifespan of a LinkedIn post and has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  • And many more.

Graffius appreciates the coverage of his research.

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References/Sources

References/sources are organized into two sections - A and B.

A. Here are the sources related to the lifespan (half-life) of social media posts:

  • A1. Adobe
  • A2. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
  • A3. Bit(dot)ly
  • A4. Business Insider
  • A5. Business Standard
  • A6. Cornell University
  • A7. Emeritus
  • A8. Espirian
  • A9. Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions
  • A10. Fanbooster (Traject)
  • A11. Fast Company
  • A12. Forbes
  • A13. Google
  • A14. Halverson Group
  • A15. IEEE
  • A16. Ignite Social Media
  • A17. Kinsta
  • A18. Klout
  • A19. Later
  • A20. Moz
  • A21. New York Times
  • A22. Pinterest
  • A23. Royal Town Planning Institute
  • A24. Science(dot)org
  • A25. Sculpt - B2B Social Media Agency
  • A26. Simply Measured
  • A27. Snapchat
  • A28. Social Media Marketing
  • A29. Social Media University—Global
  • A30. Tapp Network
  • A31. TechniqueHow
  • A32. The Online Advertising Guide
  • A33. Université de Genève
  • A34. University of Akron
  • A35. Washington Post
  • A36. WebFX
  • A37. Wiselytics

B. Here are the references for additional information (such as the number of active users on platforms, etc.; see section A for sources related to the half-life of posts):

  • B1. Statista (2023, August 31). Social Media - Statistics and Facts.
  • B2. Trivette, Hannah (2022, October 14). A Guide to Social Media Algorithms and SEO. Forbes.
  • B3. Statista (2023, October). Most Popular Social Networks Worldwide as of October 2023.
  • B4. Graffius, Scott M. (2023, January 1). Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2023. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/social-2023.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.19783.98722.
  • B5. Graffius, Scott M. (2022, January 5). Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2022. Available at: https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/social-2022.html.
  • B6. LinkedIn.
  • B7. Macready, Hannah (2023, February 22). 47 LinkedIn Statistics You Need to Know in 2023. Hootsuite.
  • B8. Ong, Si Quan (2023, January 27). 59 Blogging Statistics for 2023.
  • B9. Colicev, Anatoli, & Malshe, Ashwin, & Pauwels, Koen, & O'Connor, Peter (2018). Improving Consumer Mindset Metrics and Shareholder Value Through Social Media: The Different Roles of Owned and Earned Media. Journal of Marketing, 82 (1): 37-56.
  • B10. Collier, Azure (2017, April 28). How to Create a Social Media Posting Schedule. Constant Contact.
  • B11. IBM (n.d.). What is Social Media Analytics. Available at: https://www.ibm.com/topics/social-media-analytics.
  • B12. Kanuri, V. K., & Chen, Y., & Sridhar, S. (2018). Scheduling Content on Social Media: Theory, Evidence, and Application. Journal of Marketing, 82 (6): 89-108.
  • B13. Liadeli, G., & Sotgiu, F., & Verlegh, P. W. J. (2023). A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Brands' Owned Social Media on Social Media Engagement and Sales. Journal of Marketing, 87 (3): 406-427.
  • B14. Perreault, Marie-Catherine, & Mosconi, Elaine (2018). Social Media Engagement: Content Strategy and Metrics Research Opportunities. Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences: 3568-3577.
  • B15. Trunfio, Mariapina, & Rossi, Simona (2021). Conceptualising and Measuring Social Media Engagement: A Systematic Literature Review. Italian Journal of Marketing, 2021 (3):267-292.

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Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blog_Spacer_-_v23111107_-_Cite

How to Cite this Article

Graffius, Scott M. (2024, January 1). Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2024. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/social-24.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.21043.60965.

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Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blog_Spacer_-_v23111107_-_Permission

Permission Request Information

To request permission to use the “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2024” visual shown at the top of this article or any other material from this publication,
contact Scott M. Graffius. If your request is approved, Graffius will give you an authorization/license and, if applicable, high-resolution files of the visual.

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Post-Publication Notes

At the time of publication, a graphic on the average lifespan (half-life) of posts on X indicated “7.71667” under hours. That typo was corrected to read “0.71667.” The change was implemented in this article on March 25, 2024.

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About Scott M. Graffius


Scott M Graffius - Generated 1 Point 9 Billion USD - v Dec 27 2023 G - LwRes

Scott M. Graffius, PMP, SA, CSP-SM, CSP-PO, CSM, CSPO, SFE, ITIL, LSSGB is an agile project management practitioner, consultant, thinker, creator, multi-award-winning author, and international public speaker. Founder and CEO of Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions™ and subsidiary Exceptional Agility™, he has generated over $1.9 billion for Global Fortune 500 businesses and other organizations he has served. Graffius and content from his books, talks, workshops, and more have been featured and used by Microsoft, Oracle, Broadcom, Cisco, Gartner, Project Management Institute, IEEE, National Academy of Sciences, United States Department of Energy, Yale University, Tufts University, and others. He delights audiences with dynamic and engaging talks and workshops on agile project management, AI, Tech leadership, video game development, strategic alignment, the science of high performance teams, and more. To date, he's presented sessions at 89 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

His full bio is available
here.

Connect with Scott on:


follow-scott-m-graffius-on-twitter---v22122107-1000x1000-lr---sq

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

scott_m_graffius_agile_scrum_v22123007_lr_1000x1000_sq

Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow instructions, the multi award-winning
Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions book by Scott M. Graffius (Chris Hare and Colin Giffen, Technical Editors) helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile framework―Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

scott_m_graffius_agile_transformation_lr_1000x505

Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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The short link for this article is: https://bit.ly/life-2024

(Coming soon) Posts related to this article are on ResearchGate, LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, Pinterest, and other platforms.

Visuals JPG1 and JPG2 and PNG

© Copyright 2024 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.





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Pudgy Penguins CEO Luca Netz Used Scott M. Graffius' Intellectual Property

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Pudgy Penguins CEO Luca Netz Used Scott M Graffius' Intellectual Property - refresh 24101907 - LwRes

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If there's an update after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

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Scott M. Graffius' Copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' Copyrighted

Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and Scott M. Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his ‘Phases of Team Development’ as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development — Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning — inclusive of a graph showing how performance varies by phase, as well as the characteristics and strategies for each phase.

Graffius' intellectual property (IP) is registered with the United States Copyright Office.

Graffius initially developed his ‘Phases of Team Development’ unique material in 2008, and he periodically refreshes it.

For reference, the visual from the edition applicable to this case (4 January 2021 edition) is shown below [Exhibit 1] and is available at:
https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22040.42246. The integrated text applies.

scott-m-graffius---phases-of-team-development-2021-update---lr-for-blog-squashed-2

As shown above, Graffius’ copyright ownership details are integrated into and appear on his copyrighted property. Specifically, it reads: "Copyright © 2008-2021 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com."

Organizations around the world engage Graffius to deliver compelling talks and workshops. To date, he's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries, including:

  • Armenia,
  • Australia,
  • Brazil,
  • Canada,
  • Czech Republic,
  • Finland,
  • France,
  • Germany,
  • Greece,
  • Hong Kong,
  • Hungary,
  • India,
  • Ireland,
  • Lithuania,
  • Luxembourg,
  • Nepal,
  • Netherlands,
  • New Zealand,
  • Norway,
  • Romania,
  • Sweden,
  • Switzerland,
  • United Arab Emirates,
  • United Kingdom,
  • and the United States.

scott-m-graffius-has-delivered-91-talks-and-workshops-across-25-countries---passport-style---lwres

Graffius ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is central and key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are at
https://scottgraffius.com/resources/Exceptional-PPM-and-PMO-Solutions-Rate-Card-for-2024-2025-v24071607.pdf and https://scottgraffius.com/publicspeaker.html, respectively.

With an authorization/license from Graffius, his ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is featured and used by businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities around the world. Examples include:

  • Adobe,
  • American Management Association,
  • Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
  • Bayer,
  • Boston University,
  • Broadcom,
  • Cisco,
  • Deimos Aerospace,
  • DevOps Institute,
  • Ford Motor Company,
  • Hasso Plattner Institute,
  • IEEE,
  • Johns Hopkins University,
  • LeadingEng,
  • London South Bank University,
  • Manufacturers Alliance,
  • Microsoft,
  • New Zealand Government,
  • Oracle,
  • TBS Switzerland,
  • Torrens University Australia,
  • U.S. National Park Service,
  • U.S. Tennis Association,
  • UC San Diego,
  • UK Sports Institute,
  • University of Galway Ireland,
  • Virginia Tech,
  • Warsaw University,
  • Yale University,
  • and many others.

Copyrights protect the intellectual property rights of creators, ensuring they receive recognition and compensation for their work, thus incentivizing creativity and innovation. Graffius is vigilant in upholding, protecting and enforcing his copyrights and other IP rights.

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Pudgy Penguins CEO Luca Netz Used Scott M Graffius' Intellectual Property - refresh 24101907-G - LwRes

Pudgy Penguins CEO 'Luca Netz' (Luca Schnetzler) Used
Scott M. Graffius’ Intellectual Property Without Permission or Credit

Luca Schnetzler, who goes by 'Luca Netz,' is the CEO of Pudgy Penguins. As shown below and delineated later in this article, Netz posted content on X which used Graffius' copyrighted property. He did not request nor receive permission, and he did not attribute the IP to Graffius. Netz's use violated Graffius' intellectual property rights. Netz posted the infringing material on 3 May 2024 at https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631.

Scott M Graffius - Intellectual Property IP Theft is a Federal Crime - v1_3 - Excerpts - View of Infringing Post - LwRes

As shown above, Netz's post included two words and an image. The two words were "Performing Era" and the image included Graffius' IP.

A zoomed-in view of the image is below.

Scott M Graffius - Intellectual Property IP Theft is a Federal Crime - v1_3 - Excerpts - Zoomed In View of Infringing Post - LwRes

Copyright owner Scott M. Graffius discovered the infringement of his intellectual property on 11 May 2024. That day, Graffius notified Netz about the infringement.

Netz failed to respond on this serious matter. For that reason, Graffius sent follow up communications to Netz on his infringing material. Excerpts follow.

[From Scott M. Graffius to Luca Schnetzler AKA Luca Netz]


Intellectual Property (IP) provides significant value. I maintain, enforce, and protect my copyright and other IP rights.


My 'Phases of Team Development' IP is registered with the United States Copyright Office.


Infringement of my 'Phases of Team Development' IP is shown by Pudgy Penguins CEO Luca Schnetzler (known as "Luca Netz") here: https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631.


(Changing a word here or there does not work.) The infringer did not request nor receive permission to use my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development.' Additionally, their use did not provide attribution to me. As such, they're falsely leading others to believe that they're the creator and owner of my IP. More info follows.


—————

Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and my first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, I created my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development.' It’s a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development — Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning. It’s also inclusive of a graph showing how performance varies by phase, as well as the characteristics and strategies for each phase.


Project Managers, Scrum Masters, Agile Coaches, DevOps Leads, and other leaders can apply the information in my ‘Phases of Team Development’ to help handle challenges or issues experienced by teams. By doing so, they'll advance the teams' (and their own) happiness, productivity, and success.


I initially developed my material in 2008, and I periodically refresh it. I’m honored that businesses, scientists, journalists, professional associations, government agencies, universities, and others around the world have featured my 'Phases of Team Development' IP. Select examples include Adobe, American Management Association, Boston University, Cisco, Ford, Hasso Plattner Institute, IEEE, London South Bank University, Microsoft, Torrens University Australia, UC San Diego, U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Tennis Association, Yale University, and many others.


—————

Infringement of my registered copyright is shown by Pudgy Penguins (@PudgyPenguins) CEO Luca Schnetzler (known as "Luca Netz" - @LucaNetz) here: https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631.


(Changing a word here or there does not work.) The infringer did not request nor receive permission to use my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development.' Additionally, their use did not provide attribution to me. As such, they're falsely leading others to believe that they're the creator and owner of my IP. Some of the MANY examples follow.



🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Characteristics under Forming includes:
"Displaying eagerness"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Characteristics under Forming includes:
"Displaying eagerness"


🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Characteristics under Forming includes:
"Generally polite tone"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Characteristics under Forming includes:
"Generally polite"


🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Characteristics under Forming includes:
"Sticking to safe topics"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Characteristics under Forming includes:
"Sticking to safe topics"


🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Characteristics under Forming includes:
"Unclear about how one fits in"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Characteristics under Forming includes:
"Unclear about how one fits in"



🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Characteristics under Forming includes:
"Some anxiety & questioning"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Characteristics under Forming includes:
"Some anxiety & questioning"


🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Strategies under Forming includes:
"'Taking the 'lead'"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Strategies under Forming includes:
"'Taking the 'lead'"


🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Strategies under Forming includes:
"Being highly visible"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Strategies under Forming includes:
"Being highly visible"


🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Strategies under Forming includes:
"Facilitating introductions"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Strategies under Forming includes:
"Facilitating introductions"



🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Strategies under Forming includes:
"Providing the 'big picture'"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Strategies under Forming includes:
"Providing the big picture"



🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Strategies under Forming includes:
"Establishing clear expectations"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Strategies under Forming includes:
"Establishing clear expectations"



🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Strategies under Forming includes:
"Communicating success criteria"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Strategies under Forming includes:
"Communicating success criteria"



🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Characteristics under Performing includes:
"High motivation, trust & empathy"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Characteristics under Performing includes:
"High motivation, trust & empathy"



🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Characteristics under Performing includes:
"Individuals defer to team needs"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Characteristics under Performing includes:
"Individuals defer to team needs"



🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Characteristics under Performing includes:
"Improved commitment"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Characteristics under Performing includes:
"Improved commitment"



🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Characteristics under Adjourning includes:
"Shift to process orientation"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Characteristics under Adjourning includes:
"Shift to process orientation"



🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Characteristics under Adjourning includes:
"Sadness"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Characteristics under Adjourning includes:
"Sadness"



🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Characteristics under Adjourning includes:
"Recognition of team & individual efforts"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Characteristics under Adjourning includes:
"Recognition of team and individual efforts"



🟢 From my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP (2021 edition, https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html), Characteristics under Adjourning includes:
"Disbanding"


🔴 From the infringement of my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' IP shown by Luca Netz (https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631), Characteristics under Adjourning includes:
"Disbanding"



The preceding are just some of the many examples.


—————

To wrap up, infringement of my registered copyright is shown by Pudgy Penguins (@PudgyPenguins) CEO Luca Schnetzler (known as "Luca Netz" - @LucaNetz) here: https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631.


(Changing a word here or there does not work.) The infringer did not request nor receive permission to use my copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development.' Additionally, their use did not provide attribution to me. As such, they're falsely leading others to believe that they're the creator and owner of my IP.


Copyright infringement is dishonorable, disgraceful, unprofessional, immoral, unethical, and illegal.


The infringement has damaged the marketability and value of my 'Phases of Team Development' IP.



The indisputable proof shows that Netz's material used Graffius' copyrighted property.

Again, Graffius sent follow up communications to Netz on his infringing material.


On May 16, 2024, Netz not only deleted the infringing post but also blocked Graffius, the very individual whose intellectual property was used without permission or attribution. This action seemingly demonstrated a lack of remorse and an attempt to evade accountability for violating Graffius' intellectual property rights. Netz's move was very uncool.

X’s 'that post has been deleted' message is shown below.

Scott M Graffius - Intellectual Property IP Theft is a Federal Crime - v1_3 - Excerpts - Deleted Infringing Post - LwRes

X's 'You're blocked' message is shown below.

Scott M Graffius - Intellectual Property IP Theft is a Federal Crime - v1_3 - Excerpts - Blocked - LwRes

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Conclusion

Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' is registered with the US Copyright Office.

Pudgy Penguins CEO 'Luca Netz' (Luca Schnetzler) did not request nor receive permission to use Graffius' intellectual property.

Yet, Netz used Graffius' IP and without attribution. Accordingly, Netz's material wrongly led others to falsely believe that Netz is the author and owner of Graffius' respective IP.

Netz's use damaged the marketability and value of Graffius' copyrighted property.

For the aforementioned reasons, Netz's use was not 'fair use' nor otherwise allowed.

After Graffius informed Netz of the violation, Netz eventually deleted his infringing post but also blocked Graffius, the very individual whose intellectual property was used without permission or attribution. Netz's action seemingly demonstrated a lack of remorse and an attempt to evade accountability for violating Graffius' intellectual property rights. Netz's move was very uncool.

Pudgy Penguins CEO Luca Netz Used Scott M Graffius' Intellectual Property - refresh 24101907-G-Uncool - LwRes

Intellectual property (IP) is a strategic asset that provides significant value. IP infringement is disgraceful, dishonorable, unprofessional, immoral, unethical, and illegal. IP rights are so important that IP theft is a federal crime.

Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other IP rights.

If Graffius opts to take legal action against Netz for his violation of Graffius' copyright, the Federal case will include the greater of statutory damages or actual damages, special charges for willful infringement (which has been clarified by the courts to be either "intentional behavior" or merely "reckless behavior"), and additional costs.

Read on see the subsequent section of this article:

  • About Scott M. Graffius,
  • About Luca Schnetzler,
  • About Pudgy Penguins,
  • About Copyright and Other Intellectual Property Rights,
  • References/Sources,
  • How to Cite This Article,
  • and more.

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About Scott M. Graffius

Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius, PMP, SA, CSP-SM, CSP-PO, CSM, CSPO, ITIL, LSSGB is an agile project management practitioner, consultant, creator, multi-award-winning author, and international public speaker. Founder and CEO of Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions™ and subsidiary Exceptional Agility™, he has generated over $1.9 billion for Global Fortune 500 businesses and other organizations he has served. Graffius and content from his books, talks, workshops, and more have been featured and used by Microsoft, Oracle, Broadcom, Cisco, Gartner, Project Management Institute, IEEE, National Academy of Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Tennis Association, Yale University, and others. He delights audiences with dynamic and engaging talks and workshops on agile project management, AI, video game development, strategic alignment, the science of high performance teams, and more. To date, he's presented sessions at 90 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

His full bio is available
here.

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Luca Schnetzler

Luca Schnetzler (also known as 'Luca Netz') is the Chief Executive Officer of Pudgy Penguins.

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About Pudgy Penguins

LSLTTT Holdings, Inc. is doing business as (DBA) "Pudgy Penguins" — a non-fungible token (NFT) collection that also doubles as a web3 intellectual property (IP) company. Based on information from
CrunchBase and other sources, Pudgy Penguins' investors include 1kx, Adam Winnick, Big Brain Holdings, Bobby Ong, CRIT Ventures, co-founders of LayerZero Labs (Ryan Zarick and Bryan Pellegrino), Kasey Kasey, Kronos Research, Old Fashion Research, Peter Yuan Pan, and MetaVision International. There may be additional investors.

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About Copyright and Other Intellectual Property Rights

For copyright/IP infringement cases, it is recommended that you consult a qualified attorney.

Intellectual Property (IP) is a strategic asset that provides significant value. IP infringement is disgraceful, dishonorable, unprofessional, immoral, unethical, and illegal. IP rights are so important that IP theft is a federal crime.

The U.S. Copyright Office informs that "In cases of willful infringement for profit, the U.S. Attorney may initiate a criminal investigation."

Visit the website of the U.S. Copyright Office at
https://www.copyright.gov to learn more about copyrights.

The
Reporting Intellectual Property Crime: A Guide for Victims of Copyright Infringement, Trademark Counterfeiting, and Trade Secret Theft publication by the Criminal Division of the U.S. Department of Justice is a good resource.

The Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Center coordinates the U.S. government’s response to intellectual property crimes. Visit their website at
https://www.iprcenter.gov to learn more.

See the References/Sources section for additional information.

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References/Sources

Select bibliography:

  1. Allyn, Bobby (2019, May 20). Top Reason For CEO Departures Among Largest Companies Is Now Misconduct, Study Finds. NPR. Available at: https://www.npr.org/2019/05/20/725108825/top-reason-for-ceo-departures-among-largest-companies-is-now-misconduct-study-fi.
  2. Blaskovic, Andrew K.; Rusk, John-David; Parker, Victor C.; and Payne, Bryson R. (2022). Cybercrime and Intellectual Property Theft: An Analysis of Modern Digital Forensics. In book: Proceedings of the Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2022, Volume 2. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-18458-1_36.
  3. CrunchBase (n.d.). Seed Round – Pudgy Penguins. Available at: https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pudgy-penguins-seed--09980d4f.
  4. Dyer, Jeff; Furr, Nathan; Lefrandt, Chris; and Howell, Taeya (2023, January 17). Innovation Depends on Intellectual Honesty. MIT Sloan Management Review. Available at: https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/why-innovation-depends-on-intellectual-honesty/.
  5. Graffius, Scott M. (2021, January 4). Phases of Team Development (Update for 2021). DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22040.42246.
  6. Graffius, Scott M. (2021, January 4). Using Bruce Tuckman's Phases of Team Development to Help Your Team Grow and Advance: 2021 Update. Available at: https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/team-21.html.
  7. Graffius, Scott M. (n.d.). Intellectual Property (IP). Available at: https://www.scottgraffius.com/intellectual-property.html.
  8. Hartline, Devlin (2016, September 26). Criminal Copyright Infringement is Crime of "Moral Turpitude." George Mason University Center for Intellectual Property x Innovation Policy. Available at: https://cip2.gmu.edu/2016/09/26/criminal-copyright-infringement-is-crime-of-moral-turpitude/.
  9. Huppert, Elizabeth; and Levine, Emma (2023, August 31). The Rise of Dishonest Leaders: Causes and Solutions. Academy of Management Perspectives, 37 (3). DOI: 10.5465/amp.2021.0063.
  10. Kenton, Will (2022, August 23). What Is a Whistleblower? Protections, Law, Importance, and Example. Available at: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/w/whistleblower.asp.
  11. McGregor, Jena. (2017, May 15). More CEOs are Getting Forced Out for Ethical Violations. Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/on-leadership/wp/2017/05/15/more-ceos-are-getting-forced-out-for-ethics-violations/.
  12. National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center (IPR Center) (n.d.). About the Center. Available at: https://www.iprcenter.gov/about.
  13. Popomaronis, Tom (2020, August 20). These 11 Famously Disgraced CEOs Have Entered the Reputation Hall of Shame. Entrepreneur. Available at: https://www.entrepreneur.com/business-news/these-11-famously-disgraced-ceos-have-entered-the/354739.
  14. Pudgy Penguins (n.d.). Available at: https://pudgypenguins.com.
  15. Rivera, Kristin; and Karlsson, Per-Ola (2017, June 6). CEOs Are Getting Fired for Ethical Lapses More Than They Used To. Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2017/06/ceos-are-getting-fired-for-ethical-lapses-more-than-they-used-to.
  16. Sahadi, Jeanne (2019, May 2). When Good Executives Go Bad. CNN Business. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/02/success/executives-behaving-badly/index.html.
  17. Schnetzler, Luca (2024, May 3). On May 3, 2024, @LucaNetz (Pudgy Penguins CEO Luca Schnetzler AKA Luca Netz) posted https://x.com/LucaNetz/status/1786418972323168631 on X (formerly known as Twitter). Content in that post infringed on the registered copyright of Scott M. Graffius. On May 16, 2024, Luca Schnetzler AKA Luca Netz deleted his post.
  18. Smith, Isaac H.; Kouchaki, Maryam; and Wareham, Justin (2021, April 14). The Price Leaders Pay for Cutting Ethical Corners. MIT Sloan Management Review. Available at: https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/the-price-leaders-pay-for-cutting-ethical-corners/.
  19. Steffen, Thomas (2019, May 24). For CEOs, Integrity Is the Best Policy. Yale School of Management. Available at: https://insights.som.yale.edu/insights/for-ceos-integrity-is-the-best-policy.
  20. Sterne, Robert; and Chaplick, Trevor (2005, February). Why Directors Must Take Responsibility for Intellectual Property. Intellectual Asset Management Magazine. Available at: https://www.wsgr.com/PDFSearch/IP_RESPONSIBILTY.pdf.
  21. Stim, Richard (2024). Patent, Copyright & Trademark: An Intellectual Property Desk Reference (18th Edition). Berkeley, California: Nolo.
  22. Stubben, Stephen; and Welch Kyle (2018, November 14). Whistleblowers Keep Companies Healthy. Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2018/11/research-whistleblowers-are-a-sign-of-healthy-companies.
  23. Thomson Reuters (2022, December 16). Copyright Litigation 101. Available at: https://legal.thomsonreuters.com/blog/copyright-litigation-101/.
  24. United States Copyright Office (USCO) (n.d.). Can I Use Someone Else's Work? Can Someone Else Use Mine? (Excerpt: "In cases of willful infringement for profit, the U.S. Attorney may initiate a criminal investigation.") Available at: https://copyright.gov/help/faq/faq-fairuse.html.
  25. United States Copyright Office (USCO) (n.d.). Welcome to the U.S. Copyright Office. Available at: https://www.copyright.gov.
  26. United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) (n.d.). Intellectual Property Theft and Commercial Fraud. Available at: https://www.dhs.gov/hsi/investigate/intellectual-property-and-commercial-fraud.
  27. United States Department of Homeland Security (US DHS) (n.d.). Intellectual Property Rights. Available at: https://www.dhs.gov/intellectual-property-rights.
  28. United States Department of Justice (DOJ) (n.d.). Reporting Intellectual Property Crime: A Guide for Victims of Copyright Infringement, Trademark Counterfeiting, and Trade Secret Theft (Third Edition). Available at: https://www.justice.gov/criminal/criminal-ccips/file/891011/dl.
  29. United States Department of Justice (DOJ), Office of the Inspector General (OIG) (n.d.). Whistleblower Rights and Protections. Available at: https://oig.justice.gov/hotline/whistleblower-protection.
  30. United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) (2013, July 24). Copyright Policy, Creativity, and Innovation in the Digital Economy. Available at: https://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/news/publications/copyrightgreenpaper.pdf.
  31. Vitasek, Kate (2022, November 29). The Role of Honesty in Success (and Why Cutting Corners is a Bad Idea). Forbes. Available at: https://forbes.com/sites/katevitasek/2022/11/29/the-role-of-honesty-in-success-and-why-cutting-corners-is-a-bad-idea/.
  32. Willmer, Sabrina; and Weinstein, Austin (2023, April 18). Tech Firms are Using NDAs to Illegally Muzzle Whistleblowers. Fortune. Available at: https://fortune.com/2023/04/18/tech-nda-illegally-muzzle-whistleblowers-sec/.

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How to Cite This Article

Graffius, Scott M. (2024, May 16). Pudgy Penguins CEO Luca Netz Used Scott M. Graffius' Intellectual Property. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/ip-rights.html.

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

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Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile framework―Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

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Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

The initial working title for this article was 'Intellectual Property (IP) Theft is a Federal Crime - Featuring a Real Example of IP Infringement and What the IP Owner Did to Enforce His Rights and Protect His Property.' It was updated to 'Pudgy Penguins CEO Luca Netz Used Scott M. Graffius' Intellectual Property.'

This serious case is not yet resolved. If Graffius opts to take legal action against Netz for his violation of Graffius' copyright, the Federal case will include the greater of statutory damages or actual damages, special charges for willful infringement (which has been clarified by the courts to be either "intentional behavior" or merely "reckless behavior"), and additional costs.

Any further updates will appear in this section.

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Content Acknowledgements

This article used limited excerpts from Netz which demonstrate or are related to the infringement, attributed and used under fair use for news reporting and analysis.

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The short link for this article is
https://bit.ly/ip-2024

© Copyright 2024 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.



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