Luxury Unwrapped: The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide for Every Budget

BY ScottGraffius.com

ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - X2 - LwRes

Make Gifting Unforgettable

Are you looking to wow a loved one with a distinctive gift? Explore our curated selection of 25 highly-rated products to find something special for everyone on your list—and make gifting unforgettable.


List prices are shown. For products you're interested in, select 'LEARN MORE' to see the current price. If a promotion or sale is in effect, you'll see a lower price.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Ledger Nano X Crypto Hardware Wallet - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Ledger
Nano X Crypto Hardware Wallet

$149.00

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Details

The Ledger Nano X Crypto Hardware Wallet is the best way to securely buy, manage, and grow all your digital assets.

  • Intuitive crypto wallet - perfect for beginners and veterans alike.
  • Features a secure certified chip (CC EAL5+) designed to withstand sophisticated attacks, and to protect your valuable assets.
  • Buy, sell, exchange, and grow your crypto.
  • Manage all your assets like Bitcoin, Ethereum, and tokens on the go.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Apple TV - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Apple
Apple TV 4K Wi-Fi + Ethernet with 128GB Storage

$189.99

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Details

Apple TV provides an exceptional streaming experience.

  • Stream TV/movies over Wi-Fi or Ethernet.
  • Powered by the A15 Bionic Chip.
  • 128GB of built-in storage.
  • Added functionality with iOS devices.
  • Up to 4K with Dolby Vision and HDR10+.
  • View Apple TV+, Netflix, Live TV, and more.
  • Works with Thread Mesh Networks.
  • Access Apple Fitness+, Arcade, and Music.
  • Acts as a HomeKit Hub with Home App.
  • Voice-enabled Siri remote included.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Zero Halliburton Profile Deluxe Backpack - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped


Zero Halliburton
Profile Deluxe Backpack

$275.00

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Details

The Zero Halliburton Profile Deluxe Business Backpack.
Note: Due to limited supply and high demand, this product may be out of stock.

  • Made of leather and nylon.
  • Padded pocket to protect your electronic devices.
  • Front zippered pocket with organizer.
  • Padded shoulder strap is designed to rest comfortably on your shoulder regardless of what you carry.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Creed Aventus for Men Eau De Parfum - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Creed
Adventus for Men 1.7 Oz. Eau de Parfum Spray

$365.00

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Details

Creed Aventus Eau de Parfum for Men is widely acclaimed, often receiving high ratings for its distinctive fragrance profile. Many consider it a benchmark in men's luxury fragrances.

  • Crafted in France and sourced from the world's finest raw ingredients to capture the highest quality essential oils.
  • Aventus combines tantalising head notes of lemon, pink pepper & bergamot with a complementary floral heart of pineapple, jasmine, and patchouli. Rounding off this fragrance are the woody base notes of oakmoss, cedarwood, and ambergris.
  • Spray onto pulse points.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Bose SoundLink Max Portable Waterproof Speaker - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Bose
SoundLink Max Portable Waterproof Bluetooth Speaker

$399.00

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Details

The Bose SoundLink Max Portable Waterproof Bluetooth Speaker stands out with its combination of expansive stereo sound, a robust 20-hour battery life, and a durable, waterproof design, making it exceptionally versatile and popular for both indoor and outdoor use.

  • Deep bass, big sound: Whether you're the crew's go-to DJ or a music lover with the best playlists, the Bose SoundLink Max Bluetooth Speaker delivers deep, rich bass for a sound that will truly wow the party.
  • Vibe wherever you go: Easily bring your Bose portable speaker to any hangout, the soft removable climbing rope handle makes it easy to pick up the party speaker so the music travels wherever you go.
  • Waterproof and dust-proof: Worry less about accidental drops or getting caught in the rain, this dust-proof and waterproof speaker is IP67 rated and is also shock and rust resistant.
  • Long battery life: This large portable speaker gives you up to 20 hours of battery life, so you can listen to your favorite tunes all day and night so the party never stops.
  • Power up while listening: The USB-C port on the back lets you charge any device using the speaker’s built-in battery which means if the SoundLink Max Bluetooth Speaker has power, so does your device.
  • Built-in aux: The Bose SoundLink Max Portable Speaker features a built in 3.5mm AUX input so you can easily play tunes from your turntable, CD, or MP3 player with a wired connection.
  • Personalize how you listen: Using the Bose app, easily control EQ settings like bass, mid-range, and treble levels to perfectly customize the sound or use the app to check battery life and manage connected devices.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Zero Halliburton Edge Collection Medium Attache Case - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Zero Halliburton
Edge Lightweight Collection Medium Attaché Case

$425.00

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Details

The Zero Halliburton Edge Lightweight Medium Attaché Case stands out for its striking, mirror-like finish and high-performance polycarbonate construction. It combines audacious style with durable, lightweight functionality. This case is for the professional who values both aesthetics and practicality.

  • Matte polycarbonate exterior.
  • Custom-designed handle with ergonomic cushion-cut shape and rubberized feel.
  • Combination lock for added security.
  • Concave horizontal double rib design and subtle branding.
  • Coated leather lining with organization sleeve.
  • Minimal design to enable versatility.
  • Available in black, gray, and navy.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Bose QuietComfort Wireless Noise Cancelling Headphones - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Bose
QuietComfort Wireless Noise Cancelling Headphones

$429.00

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Details

These headphones deliver exceptional noise cancellation, up to 24 hours of battery life, customizable sound settings, and more.

  • Noise cancelling: These wireless noise cancelling headphones feature Quiet Mode, Aware Mode and Immersion Mode, which combines full noise cancellation and Bose Immersive Audio.
  • Comfort: Soft ear cushions hug your ears, the band spreads pressure evenly and elevated materials let you make a statement with these noise cancelling over-the-ear headphones.
  • Wireless - Bluetooth: Advanced Bluetooth 5.3 offers connection within 30 feet of your device; SimpleSync allows you to sync with a Bose smart soundbar so you can listen to TV at your own volume.
  • Long battery life: Listen longer with up to 24 hours of battery life (up to 18 hours with Immersive Audio), a 15-minute charge offers up to 2.5 hours of play time (up to 2 hours with Immersive Audio).
  • Connect and control: Touch controls on each earcup allow you to change volume, skip tracks, answer calls and change modes; you can also turn the Bluetooth headphones on/off simply with head motions.
  • Bose app: Download the Bose app to receive the latest software updates for your Bose QuietComfort Ultra Headphones. Ensure optimal functionality and get access to all the latest features and cutting-edge tech.



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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Dyson Supersonic Nural Hair Dryer - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Dyson

Supersonic Nural Hair Dryer

$499.99

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Details

The Dyson Supersonic hair dryer with added intelligence. A network of Nural sensors automatically adjusts airflow and temperature to enhance natural shine and protect scalp health.

  • Helps protect hair from root to tip for long term shine.
  • Prevents over drying for healthy looking, smooth hair.
  • Includes a complimentary presentation case.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Fluance RT85N High Fidelity Vinyl Turntable Record Player - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Fluance

High Fidelity Vinyl Turntable Record Player RT85N

$499.99

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Details

This is one of the best turntables on the market.

  • Voted best turntable by New York Times Wirecutter - "This turntable delivers an accurate sound that works great for any type of music, and it's exceptionally well built for the price."
  • Pure analog performance - Enjoy beautifully warm and dynamic music with the Nagaoka MP-110 elliptical diamond cartridge, featuring greater balanced tonal accuracy, resolution, and bass extension.
  • High density acrylic platter - The greater mass of the acrylic platter damps unwanted vibrations resulting in a more 3-dimensional sound with tighter bass, a fuller midrange, and overall improved clarity.
  • Speed control for precision playback - The isolated motor prevents unwanted vibrations and noise while the speed control mechanism ensures consistent platter velocity (0.07% Wow/Flutter).
  • High mass MDF wood plinth - Revel in the gorgeously crafted cabinet with real wood finish and a highly precise metal platter with adjustable resonance damping feet, ensuring superior isolation from unwanted micro-vibrations.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Olma Osetra Sturgeon Superior Grade Black Caviar - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Olma

Superior Grade Osetra Sturgeon Black Caviar, 8.8 Oz. / 250 Grams [Overnight Shipping]

$599.99

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Details

Olma Osetra Sturgeon Black Caviar is highly regarded for its rich, buttery flavor and firm texture. It is often considered one of the finest caviars, providing a luxurious taste experience that rivals even the prestigious Beluga caviar, though it's generally more accessible (cost-wise) due to sustainable farming practices.

  • The caviar’s clean, layered flavor profile coats your palate with the most decadent flavors of sweet roasted nuts and 'Malossol' — the Russian word for pleasant sea-scented saltiness.
  • The medium to large-sized beads offers a gorgeous snap, a firm texture that bursts in your mouth with every unctuous bite.
  • Osetra caviar sourced from the finest sustainable farms.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Dyson Purifier Cool Formaldehyde TP09 Air Purifier and Fan - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Dyson

Cool Formaldehyde TP09 Air Purifier and Fan

$749.99

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Details

The Dyson Purifier Cool Formaldehyde™ TP09 is an advanced air purifier and fan that not only cools but also purifies the air by detecting and destroying formaldehyde. It also captures 99.97% of pollutants as small as 0.3 microns, while utilizing a fully sealed HEPA filtration system for optimal air cleanliness.

  • Automatically senses, captures, and traps pollutants for cleaner air..number_of_speeds : 10.
  • Detects and destroys formaldehyde released from household items.
  • Fully sealed to HEPA H13 standard. The HEPA filter captures 99.97 percent of particles 0.3 microns in size. An additional filter removes odors and gases including VOCs.
  • Air Multiplier technology generates the circulation power to draw distant pollutants into the machine, projecting purified air throughout the whole room.
  • Automatically senses and reacts to changes in air quality, then reports pollution in real time on LCD screen and on the MyDyson app.
  • Choose between Fan mode for direct cooling with your choice of 0 to 350 degree oscillation and Backwards airflow mode to purify without cooling.
  • The filter is quick and easy to change. With automatic filter-life notifications on the LCD screen or MyDyson app.
  • Program your machine to turn off after pre-set intervals between 30 minutes and 8 hours.
  • In Night mode, the machine monitors and purifies using the quietest settings with a dimmed display.
  • Control and monitor your air quality from anywhere using the MyDyson app.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Dyson Gen5Detect Cordless Vacuum Cleaner - LwRes

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Dyson

Gen5Detect Cordless Vacuum Cleaner

$949.99

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Details

This is Dyson's most powerful cordless vacuum with HEPA filtration, dust detection, and scientific proof of a deep clean on the LCD screen.

  • The most powerful HEPA cordless vacuum.
  • Over 115% more power.
  • 70 minutes of run time.
  • Power button operated for continuous cleaning.
  • Intelligently adapts power based on debris and floor type detected. Bars on the screen grow and shrink in real time according to the volume of particles removed as you clean – showing you when to move to another area.
  • The LCD screen displays a summary of how much dust you have picked up at the end of each clean.Also displays power mode, maintenance alerts, and remaining run time to the second.
  • Reveals 2x more invisible dust on hard floors. Dyson’s improved illumination technology uses a precisely angled light to reveal the microscopic dust and dirt you can’t normally see on hard floors.
  • 2 Advanced cleaner heads. The Fluffy Optic cleaner head reveals hidden dust. Gentle on hard floors but tough on dirt. The Digital Motorbar cleaner head deep cleans all floor types and de-tangles long hair and pet hair as you clean.
  • Traps viruses. Advanced whole-machine HEPA filtration. Traps 99.99% of particles as small as 0.1 microns. Expels cleaner air.
  • Converts to a handheld vacuum. With the built-in Crevice and dusting tool for continuous cleaning.
  • Comes with 4 Dyson-engineered accessories to clean up high, down low, and everywhere in between. Includes the innovative Hair screw tool for removing long hair and pet hair from small spaces without tangles.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Roomba Combo 10 Max Robot Vacuum and Mop + AutoWash Dock - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

iRobot

Roomba Combo 10 Max Robot Vacuum and Mop + AutoWash Dock

$1,361.50

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Details

This is the most powerful Roomba yet. It vacuums with 100% more suction power, mops back-and-forth with downward pressure—and learns which rooms get dirty fastest. Intelligently engineered to even empty its own bin and wash and dry its own mop pad. โ€‹

  • It's an expert in dirt elimination. The 4-Stage Cleaning System features an Edge-Sweeping Brush for thorough corner cleaning, Dual Rubber Brushes that avoid pet hair tangles, strong suction that easily pulls embedded dirt from carpets, and SmartScrub that mops back and forth with precision.
  • It doesn't just learn your home; it reacts to it in real time. With PrecisionVision Navigation and a camera, your robot identifies and avoids obstacles of all sizes like pet waste, charging cords, socks and shoes to get the whole job done.
  • Smart scrub mops back and forth with consistent pressure and 2x deeper scrubbing. Some areas of the home need a deeper clean–pawprints in the mudroom, spills under the kitchen table, tiles in your bathroom. Simply enable SmartScrub and your Roomba Combo 10 Max will scrub back-and-forth, just like you would. *Compared to standard vacuum and mop mode for coffee and grime.
  • It cleans your home — and itself. The AutoWash Dock empties debris into an enclosed bag, refills the mopping tank, and washes and dries the mop pad all while its Self-Cleaning Cycle keeps the dock clean with the least amount of effort from you.
  • A clean pad, every time. Automatically washes and dries the mop pad after each use. Plus, set it to wash its mop pad after cleaning specific rooms like the bathroom, so messes don't get spread around your home.
  • Predicts dirt, eliminates it. Some rooms you live in, others you don’t—and Dirt Detective knows exactly which rooms get dirty fastest. It prioritizes where to clean and automatically selects the right settings to give them the deep cleaning they need.
  • Cleans where you tell it to clean. Use the iRobot Home App or pair your robot with Alexa, Siri, or Google Assistant-enabled devices. Simply tell it to clean the living room or by the dishwasher, oven or stove, toilet, even pet bowls, and you’ve got a cleaner home on command. โ€‹Works with Alexa, Siri, or Google Assistant-enabled devices.
  • Sees the dirt ahead. Enhanced camera recognition pinpoints dirt ahead up to 8x more often and automatically enables Dirt Detect Technology to repeat cleaning passes for a more thorough clean.
  • Start cleaning your way even faster. Straight out of the box, your Roomba robot vacuum will create a complete map of your home 7x faster than the previous mapping technology so you can clean wherever you want, whenever you want after just one run.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Apple iPhone 16 Pro Max - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Apple

iPhone 16 Pro Max

$1,439.96

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Details

This is the iPhone 16 Pro Max with 256GB, SIM free, and unlocked for all carriers. โ€‹

  • Stunning titanium design — iPhone 16 Pro Max has a strong and light titanium design with a larger 6.9-inch Super Retina XDR display. It’s remarkably durable with the latest-generation Ceramic Shield material that’s 2x tougher than any smartphone glass.
  • Built for Apple Intelligence — Apple Intelligence is the personal intelligence system that helps you write, express yourself, and get things done effortlessly. With groundbreaking privacy protections, it gives you peace of mind that no one else can access your data.
  • Take total camera control — Camera Control gives you an easier way to quickly access camera tools, like zoom or depth of field, so you can take the perfect shot in record time.
  • Magnificent shots — Take your videos to a whole new level with 4K 120 fps Dolby Vision, enabled by the 48MP Fusion camera. The improved 48MP Ultra Wide camera lets you capture mesmerizing detail in macro photos and wide-angle shots.
  • Photographic styles — The latest-generation Photographic Styles give you greater creative flexibility, so you can make every photo even more you. And thanks to advances in the image pipeline, you can now reverse any style, any time.
  • The power of A18 Pro — A18 Pro chip enables Apple Intelligence with a faster Neural Engine, improved CPU and GPU, and a big jump in memory bandwidth. It also drives advanced video and photo features and powers AAA gaming.
  • A huge leap in battery life — iPhone 16 Pro Max delivers an incredibly power-efficient performance with up to 33 hours video playback. Charge via USB-C or snap on a MagSafe charger for faster wireless charging.
  • Customize your iPhone — With iOS 18 you can tint your Home Screen icons with any color. Find your favorite shots faster in the redesigned Photos app. And add playful, animated effects to any word, phrase, or emoji in iMessage.
  • Satellite connectivity — If you don't have cell service or Wi-Fi, iPhone can connect to a satellite so you can send and receive messages and Tapbacks. In a severe car crash, iPhone can connect to emergency services when you can't.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Alienware Aurora R16 Gaming Desktop PC - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Dell Alienware

Aurora R16 Gaming Desktop PC

$2,269.00

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Details

This is the Dell Alienware Aurora R16 Gaming Desktop PC packed with 64GB of RAM, 4TB SSD, and 2TB HDD. โ€‹

  • Processor: Equipped with i7-14700F; up to Turbo Boost 5.40GHz, 20 cores, 28 threads. It delivers exceptional computing power for gaming, content creation, and multitasking, ensuring a seamless experience even during the most demanding tasks.
  • Incredible graphics: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 (8GB GDDR6 dedicated). This gaming desktop is designed to render lifelike visuals and deliver a captivating gaming experience. With advanced ray tracing and AI capabilities, you can expect realistic graphics and smooth gameplay, making it perfect for both gaming and creative work.
  • Connectivity: This desktop ensures flexibility and convenience in connecting with the Wi-Fi 6E and Bluetooth. It includes 3 of USB-C 3.2, 5 of USB-A 3.2, 4 of USB-A 2.0, 1 of HDMI, 1 of headphone/microphone combo, and 1 of Ethernet Port.
  • Legend 3 design: The R16 debuts our minimalist and functional Legend 3 design that focuses on simplicity with features that are optimized for any desktop gaming setup.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Apple Studio 5K Display with Tilt and Height Adjustable Stand - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Apple

Studio 5K Display with Nano-Texture Glass and Tilt- and Height-Adjustable Stand

$2,299.00

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Details

An expansive 27-inch 5K Retina display. 12MP Ultra Wide camera with Center Stage. Six-speaker sound system with Spatial Audio. And studio-quality mics. The perfect Mac partner - it's so much more than a display.

  • Immersive 27-inch 5K Retina display with 600 nits of brightness, support for one billion colors, and P3 wide color.
  • An antireflective coating ensures better visual comfort and readability. And the nano-textured glass further minimizes glare.
  • 12MP Ultra Wide camera with Center Stage for more engaging video calls.
  • Studio-quality three-mic array for crystal-clear calls and voice recordings.
  • Six-speaker sound system with Spatial Audio for an unbelievable listening experience.
  • One Thunderbolt 3 port, three USB-C ports.
  • 96W of power delivery to charge your Mac notebook.
  • Configurable stand: Tilt- and height-adjustable stand.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Apple iPad Pro 13 Inch - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Apple

iPad Pro 13-Inch

$2,395.00

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Details

This is the iPad Pro 13-inch with 2TB, and Wi-Fi 6E + 5G Cellular. โ€‹

  • Why iPad Pro — iPad Pro is the ultimate iPad experience in an impossibly thin and light design. Featuring the breakthrough Ultra Retina XDR display, outrageous performance from the M4 chip, superfast wireless connectivity, and compatibility with Apple Pencil Pro. Plus powerful productivity features in iPadOS.
  • Built for Apple Intelligence — Apple Intelligence helps you write, express yourself, and get things done effortlessly. It draws on your personal context while setting a brand-new standard for privacy in AI.
  • 13-inch Ultra Retina XDR display — Ultra Retina XDR delivers extreme brightness and contrast and exceptional color accuracy and features advanced technologies like ProMotion, P3 wide color, and True Tone.
  • Performance and storage — Up to 10-core CPU in the M4 chip delivers powerful performance, while the 10โ€‘core GPU provides blazing-fast graphics. And with all-day battery life, you can do anything you imagine on iPad Pro.
  • IPADOS + apps — iPadOS makes iPad more productive, intuitive, and versatile. With iPadOS, run multiple apps at once, use Apple Pencil to write in any text field with Scribble, and edit and share photos.* Stage Manager makes multitasking easy with resizable, overlapping apps and external display support. iPad Pro comes with essential apps like Safari, Messages, and Keynote, with over a million more apps available on the App Store.
  • Apple Pencil and Magic Keyboard for iPad Pro — Apple Pencil Pro transforms iPad Pro into an immersive drawing canvas and the world’s best noteโ€‘taking device. Apple Pencil (USB-C) is also compatible with iPad Pro. Magic Keyboard for iPad Pro features a thin and light design, a great typing experience, and a builtโ€‘in glass trackpad with haptic feedback, while doubling as a protective cover for iPad.
  • Advanced cameras — iPad Pro features a landscape 12MP Ultra Wide front camera that supports Center Stage for videoconferencing or epic Portrait mode selfies. The 12MP Wide back camera with adaptive True Tone flash is great for capturing photos or 4K video with ProRes support. Four studio-quality microphones and a four-speaker audio system provide rich audio. And AR experiences are enhanced with the LiDAR Scanner to capture a depth map of any space.
  • Connectivity — Wi-Fi 6E gives you fast wireless connections for quick transfers of photos, documents, and large video files. And when you’re away from Wi-Fi, super-fast 5G gives you the flexibility to stay connected in more places. Connect to external displays, drives, and more using the USB-C connector with support for Thunderbolt / USB 4.
  • Unlock and pay with Face ID — Unlock your iPad Pro, securely authenticate purchases, sign in to apps, and more — all with just a glance.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Louis Vuitton Keepall 45 Bandoulieฬ€re - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Louis Vuitton

Keepall 45 Bandoulière

$2,490.00

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Details

This iconic Keepall 45 Bandoulière is fashioned in the new iconic black and grey Monogram Eclipse canvas. Since 1930, the Keepall duffle has journeyed alongside generations of elegant globetrotters. This version – with comfortable-to-hold leather handles, a strap for casual cross-body wear and a gleaming padlock – holds all the essentials for an overnight jaunt.

  • 17.7 inches length x 10.6 inches height x 7.9 inches width
  • Coated Canvas
  • Natural Cowhide Leather trimmings
  • Cotton Textile Lining
  • Good capacity
  • Cabin size
  • Removable leather name tag
  • Silver color metal pieces
  • Strap: Removable, adjustable
  • Strap drop: 14.2 inches
  • Strap drop max: 19.7 inches
  • Handle: Double


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Peloton Tread Treadmill with Immersive 24โ€ HD Touchscreen - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Peloton

Tread Treadmill with Immersive 24” HD Touchscreen

$2,995.00

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Details

The Peloton Tread brings a studio experience home. Get a powerful cardio workout with a 24" HD touchscreen with front and rear-facing speakers, studio-quality sound. There’s a class for every day, and a workout for every muscle. Unlock thousands of classes, both on and off the Tread, like running, walking, hiking, or Tread Bootcamp. Stack classes to seamlessly transition from one to the next. And when rest days come around, you can balance running and strength with yoga, meditation, and stretching. With Peloton, the workouts don’t stop there. When you’re ready to take things outside, check out our outdoor walks and runs on the Peloton App. Explore our lineup of 50+ instructors, and track your progress class after class using on-screen metrics to help you go the distance. Plus, your Peloton Tread is compatible with any ANT+ heart rate monitor, Apple Watch, Strava, or any Android watch device running Wear OS 3 or higher, so you can set up one-tap fitness tracking to monitor your heart rate and close your rings. A Peloton All-Access Membership must be purchased separately in order to access Peloton classes on your Tread. You’ll pay one monthly fee for your entire household so everyone can access our entire library of classes that range from 5 to 90 minutes. With workouts that fit your experience level, mood, goals, music style, and schedule, you’ll be ready to train on and off your Peloton Tread or move anytime, anywhere with the Peloton App.

  • Built to go the extra mile – Step onto the Peloton Tread for a next-level running, walking, or hiking experience. And step off for a full-body workout in classes like strength training, Tread Bootcamp, yoga, and more.
  • Value-packed membership – A Peloton All-Access Membership must be purchased separately to access Peloton content on your Tread. Pay $44/mo for your household to get unlimited access to our content. Age, height, and weight restrictions apply.
  • Compact machine – Peloton Tread has a 5½′ x 2¾′ footprint with a 59” running belt that’s comfortable and quiet for a powerful cardio workout.
  • Controls – Speed knobs adjust from 0 to 12.5 mph and incline knobs adjust grades from 0% to 12.5%. It features a jump button, on-screen shortcuts, a one-touch button to wake, stop, and put the Tread to sleep, and a removable safety key.
  • Safety – Clip on the safety key while using and know the belt will quickly stop if detached. Avoid unintended use by removing safety key after your workout and storing it out of reach. Lock your Tread with a passcode when not in use.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Samsung 85-Inch Class Frame Series 4K Quantum HDR Smart TV - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Samsung

85-Inch Class Frame Series 4K Quantum HDR Smart TV

$3,121.03

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Details

This is the innovative and amazing Samsung 85-inch Class Frame Series 4K Quantum HDR Smart TV with Alexa built-in.

  • TV When It’s On, Art When It’s Off: The Frame displays lifelike art, photos, TV, and movies in stunning 4K resolution on a screen with customizable bezels to enhance your décor.
  • Like a Photo Frame, But Better: Minimalist-inspired, The Frame's profile is redesigned to be slimmer with a monochromatic back for beauty from every angle.
  • Personalize Art: The Frame transforms to art when you're not watching TV; Choose from the Samsung Collection or upload your own pieces; Built-in sensors automatically optimize the picture to your environment and turn the screen off when you're away.
  • World-Class Selection: Bring museums and galleries to your home with a growing library of over 1,400 works; From iconic classics to modern marvels and stunning photography, Art Store gives you unlimited access to a broad range of art.
  • Customize to Your Style: Create the perfect match for your space with two bezel style options in multiple colorways; Select the ones that suit your mood and apply in a snap —magnetic application makes it easy to switch things up.
  • Bring a Billion Colors to Life: With 100% Color Volume, Quantum Dot Technology delivers over a billion shades of color that stay true-to-life without washing out at any level of brightness.
  • Powerful, Intelligent 4K Processing: Samsung's powerful processor takes your viewing experience to the next level, with AI-driven technology to automatically optimize both picture and sound for a more immersive experience.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Jackery Solar Generator 2000 Plus Portable Power - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Jackery

Solar Generator 2000 Plus Portable Power

$3,299.00

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Details

This is the Jackery Solar Generator 2000 Plus (400W, 2042Wh LiFePO4 Battery, 3000W Output) Portable Power Station with solar panels.

  • Exceptional performance: Featuring up to 2,042.8 Wh gigantic capacity, the Jackery 2000 Plus Power Station can power a range of heavy load devices, with up to 3,000 W capacity - including air conditioners, RVs, and more, satisfying all your power requirements, when out and about on your outdoor exploration and adventures, or for personal use in your home. The product features whisper quiet charging, at just 30 dB, when in operation, giving complete peace of mind.
  • Ultra fast charging: Charge directly from the sun or via wall outlet, conveniently, quickly and additionally worry free. Only 2 hours is taken for the Explorer 2000 Plus, to become fully charged, by connecting 6 * SolarSaga 200 W Solar Panels, or by connection via wall outlet. Additionally, there’s no need to worry about power outages any longer - simply enjoy your time off-grid.
  • 2kWh - 24kWh flexible expansion: The Jackery Explorer 2000 Plus supports up to 5 expandable battery packs, featuring power expanded from 2k to 12kWh. 2 * Jackery Explorer 2000 Plus Power Stations can be connected in parallel, to expand the capacity to 24k Wh, voltage to 240V and output to 6000W, matching all your power requirements - both indoors and outdoors.
  • First-rate safety: By adopting advanced Lithium Technology, the Jackery Explorer 2000 Plus is highly temperature resistant, ensuring cells operate efficiently and safely. The built-in cooling system further improves heat dissipation efficiency by 30% with different types of protection - including shock resistance and fire-resistance, providing the complete safe charging experience.
  • Built to last: Thanks to Jackery's innovative ChargeShield Fast Charging Technology, the Explorer 2000 Plus Power Station’s battery life is boosted by 50%. A safe LiFePO4 battery featuring up to 10 years of use extends battery lifespan, significantly. Smart Shallow Charging Mode further enhances efficiency and reliability. Moreover - Jackery offers a 5 Year Warranty, with superb customer service. Contact us if you have any problems or issues, at any time, when using Jackery Products.
  • Smart App control: Easily manage your Explorer 2000 Plus using the Wi-Fi or Bluetooth function. It's now easier than ever, to monitor remaining battery levels, and use the other App functions. Multiple advanced settings can be customized to meet individual requirements, ensuring round-the-clock energy control.
  • What’s included: 1 of Explorer 2000 Plus, 2 of 200W solar panel, 1 of AC charging cable, 1 of car charging cable, and 1 of user manual. Note: the power station and the solar panel will be shipped in separate packages.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Apple MacBook Pro 16-Inch with 128GB and 4TB SSD - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Apple

MacBook Pro 16.2" with 128GB and 4TB SSD

$5,999.00

LEARN MORE

Details

This is the MacBook Pro packed with a brilliant 16.2" screen, 128 GB RAM, and a 4TB SSD. Mind-blowing. Head-turning.Get the highlights. The most advanced chips ever built for a personal computer. Up to 22 hours of battery life for the ultimate in pro portability .The world's best laptop display. Brilliant in every way A pro laptop without equal. MacBook Pro blasts forward with the M3 Max chips. Built on 3-nanometer technology and featuring an all-new GPU architecture, they're the most advanced chips ever built for a personal computer. And each one brings more pro performance and capability. M3 MaxM3 Max brings massive performance and capabilities for those with the most extreme workflows, featuring even more CPU and GPU cores, enormous unified memory, and additional Media Engine resources. It pushes the limits of what a computer can do - in the studio or on location. Intricate 3D rendering, video post-production on the highest-resolution content, developing transformer models with billions of parameters - the most intensive workflows become an absolute breeze. Supports up to four external displays. Up to 11x faster than Intel-based model. Up to 2.5x faster than M1 Max model. Game-changing graphics performance. And more!

  • Up To 22 hours of battery life - Go all day thanks to the power-efficient design of Apple silicon. MacBook Pro delivers the same exceptional performance whether it's running on battery or plugged in.
  • Responsive Unified Memory and storage - Up to 128GB (M3 Max) of unified memory makes everything you do fast and fluid. Up to 8TB (M3 Max) of super-fast SSD storage launches apps and opens files in an instant.
  • Brilliant Pro Display - The 16.2" Liquid Retina XDR display features Extreme Dynamic Range, 1000 nits of sustained brightness for stunning HDR content, up to 600 nits of brightness for SDR content, and pro reference modes for doing your best work on the go.
  • Fully compatible - All your pro apps run lightning fast-including Adobe Creative Cloud, Apple Xcode, Microsoft 365, SideFX Houdini, MathWorks MATLAB, and many of your favorite iPhone and iPad apps. And with macOS, work and play on your Mac are even more powerful. Elevate your presence on video calls.
  • Advanced camera And audio - Look sharp and sound great with a 1080p FaceTime HD camera, a studio-quality three-mic array, and a six-speaker sound system with Spatial Audio.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Hasselblad 907X Anniversary Edition Camera Kit - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Hasselblad

907X Anniversary Edition Camera Kit

$14,358.56

LEARN MORE

Details

This is the ultra-premium and stunning Hasselblad 907X Anniversary Edition Camera Kit.

  • Focusing screen mask. XCD 30mm f/3.5 lens. Lens shade. Control grip. Optical viewfinder. USB power adapter. Shoulder strap. Expose cable 503 CW. Flash input sync cable. Flash output sync cable. USB 3.0 Type-C with USB-A connector cable. Lens protective pouch. Hasselblad 1 Year Limited.
  • Large medium format 50MP CMOS sensor.
  • Up to 14 stops of dynamic range.
  • Captures 16-bit RAW images and full resolution JPEGs.
  • Video: 2.7k (2720 x 1530) and full HD (1920 x 1080). Video covers full sensor width in a 16:9 ratio.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Tesla Cybertruck - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Tesla

Cybertruck with Cyberbeast Upgrade, Full Self-Driving Option, and More

$113,735.00

LEARN MORE

Details

The Tesla Cybertruck — including Cyberbeast upgrade, Full Self-Driving (FSD) option, and more — indeed stands out as a luxury gift due to its unique combination of cutting-edge technology, distinctive design, and high performance, which collectively contribute to its premium pricing.

  • Faster than a Porsche 911 towing a Porsche 911.
  • 0-60 in 2.6 seconds.
  • Up to 470+ mi. of range (+ range extender).
  • Steer by wire.
  • Air suspension.
  • 845 HP.
  • Bulletproof body.
  • Custom designed Tesla steel alloy.
  • Bi-directional charging.
  • 120V and 240V outlets.
  • 48V architecture.
  • FSD (full self-driving).
  • 18.5 in. touchscreen.
  • Powered frunk.
  • No corrosion, no paint chips.
  • Rockproof glass.
  • 67 cubic ft. lockable storage.
  • 11k lbs towing capacity.
  • .335 drag coefficient.
  • True 17 in. ground clearance.
  • Rear torque vectoring.


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ScottGraffius_com - Luxury Unwrapped - The Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide - Lamborghini Countach LPI 800 - LwRes

Luxury Unwrapped

Lamborghini

Countach LPI 800

$2,640,000.00

LEARN MORE

Details

Fifty years since its unveiling at the Geneva Motor Show, the legendary Lamborghini Countach made headlines again with a limited-series hybrid supercar celebrating the visionary design that revolutionized modern sports cars forever and laid the foundations of the Lamborghini legacy. This is the Countach LPI 800-4. Inspired by the past, made for the future.

  • Engine: It features a 6.5-liter V12 engine, which is naturally aspirated, producing 780 CV (770 hp). This is complemented by a hybrid system using a super-capacitor, adding an extra 34 hp, leading to a total output of approximately 803 hp.
  • Performance: The Countach LPI 800-4 accelerates from 0 to 60 mph in about 2.8 seconds and can hit 0 to 124 mph in 8.6 seconds. Its top speed is electronically limited to 355 km/h (221 mph).
  • Hybrid System: Unlike typical hybrids, it uses a super-capacitor for energy storage, which provides quicker power delivery for short bursts, enhancing acceleration.
  • Transmission: It comes with a 7-speed automated manual transmission, which is part of the hybrid system integration.
  • Weight: The vehicle weighs around 3,516 lbs (1,595 kg), which is relatively light for its power, contributing to its impressive performance figures.
  • Chassis and body: The body style is a 2-door coupe, maintaining the iconic scissor doors of the original Countach. It's built on a carbon-fiber monocoque chassis.
  • Tires and wheels: It comes equipped with Pirelli P Zero Corsa tires, with front wheels being 20-inch.
  • Limited production: Only 112 units of the Countach LPI 800-4 were produced.
  • Price: Based on select sources, this article references the price of $2,640,000. However, some mention that it commands close(r) to $3 million.


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ScottGraffius_com - Make Gifting Unforgettable - caa906 - LwRes


Here's to making memories!


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The short link for this article is
https://bit.ly/un-wrapped.


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scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_x---rev-24101207---copyright---lwres

Copyright

Names, marks, and content are the property of their respective owners.

Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.



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Singapore Institute of Technology Features Work of Scott M. Graffius

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Singapore Institute of Technology Features Work of Scott M Graffius - v24080107 - Tw - LwRes



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Scott M. Graffius' Intellectual Property on Team Development

Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and Scott M. Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his ‘Phases of Team Development’ as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development — Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning — inclusive of a graph showing how performance varies by phase, as well as the characteristics and strategies for each phase.

Graffius' intellectual property (IP) is registered with the United States Copyright Office.

Graffius initially developed his ‘Phases of Team Development’ unique material in 2008, and he periodically refreshes it.

For reference, the visual for the current (2024) edition is below and the details are
here.

scott-m-graffius---phases-of-team-development---2024-update---v24010507---jpg-lwres

Organizations around the world engage Graffius to deliver compelling talks and workshops. To date, he's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries:

  • Armenia,
  • Australia,
  • Brazil,
  • Canada,
  • Czech Republic,
  • Finland,
  • France,
  • Germany,
  • Greece,
  • Hong Kong,
  • Hungary,
  • India, Ireland,
  • Lithuania,
  • Luxembourg,
  • Nepal,
  • Netherlands,
  • New Zealand,
  • Norway,
  • Romania,
  • Sweden,
  • Switzerland,
  • United Arab Emirates,
  • United Kingdom,
  • and the United States.

scott-m-graffius-has-delivered-91-talks-and-workshops-across-25-countries---passport-style---lwres

Graffius ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is central and key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are at
https://scottgraffius.com/resources/Exceptional-PPM-and-PMO-Solutions-Rate-Card-for-2024-2025-v24071607.pdf and https://scottgraffius.com/publicspeaker.html, respectively.

With an authorization/license from Graffius, his ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property is featured and used by businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities around the globe. Examples include:

  • Adobe,
  • American Management Association,
  • Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
  • Bayer
  • Boston University,
  • Broadcom,
  • Cisco,
  • Deimos Aerospace,
  • DevOps Institute,
  • Erste Group Bank AG (Austria),
  • FINAT,
  • Ford Motor Company,
  • FSU College of Medicine,
  • Hasso Plattner Institute,
  • IEEE,
  • James Madison University,
  • Johns Hopkins University,
  • LeadingEng,
  • London South Bank University,
  • Manufacturers Alliance,
  • Microsoft,
  • New Zealand Government,
  • Oracle,
  • Royal Australasian College of Physicians,
  • TBS Switzerland,
  • Torrens University Australia,
  • Tufts University,
  • U.S. National Park Service,
  • U.S. Tennis Association,
  • UC San Diego,
  • UK Sports Institute,
  • University of Galway Ireland,
  • Victorian Institute of Technology (Australia),
  • Virginia Tech,
  • Warsaw University,
  • Western Sydney University,
  • World Resources Institute,
  • Yale University,
  • ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences,
  • and many others.

The Singapore Institute of Technology (
ๆ–ฐๅŠ ๅก็†ๅทฅๅคงๅญฆ), or SIT (ๆ–ฐๅทฅๅคง), was added to the list!

SIT features Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property in course USI2001: Social Innovation Project.

Page 1 of SIT’s corresponding module guide and journal for the course is shown below. It’s Exhibit 2.

Singapore Institute of Technology Features Work of Scott M Graffius - Exhibit - 2 - Page 1 - LwRes

Page 15 of SIT’s corresponding module guide and journal for the course is shown below. It’s Exhibit 3.

Singapore Institute of Technology Features Work of Scott M Graffius - Exhibit - 3 - Page 15 - LwRes

Page 16 of SIT’s corresponding module guide and journal for the course is shown below. It’s Exhibit 4.

Singapore Institute of Technology Features Work of Scott M Graffius - Exhibit - 4 - Page 16 - LwRes

As shown above, page 16 includes, “Graffius (2021) has succinctly captured Tuckman’s five sages in one diagram (Figure 2).” The document incorporated the 2021 edition of the visual.

Read on to learn:

  • About the Singapore Institute of Technology,
  • About Scott M. Graffius,
  • How to Cite This Article,
  • and more.

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About the Singapore Institute of Technology

The Singapore Institute of Technology (
ๆ–ฐๅŠ ๅก็†ๅทฅๅคงๅญฆ), or SIT (ๆ–ฐๅทฅๅคง), is Singapore's inaugural University of Applied Learning, dedicated to offering specialized degree programs that equip graduates to enter the workforce as professionals. SIT is committed to fostering individual growth, driving innovation in partnership with industry to positively influence the economy and society, and leading in innovative workplace education and applied research.

SIT's distinctive educational approach blends practical work experience with academic studies, fostering real-world learning through partnerships with significant industry allies. The emphasis on applied research with business implications is designed to assist industries in innovation and expansion. The University's main campus in Punggol is purposefully designed within the broader Punggol Digital District, where education, business, and community are seamlessly intertwined.

Visit
https://www.singaporetech.edu.sg to learn more.

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About Scott M. Graffius


Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

See his
bio to learn more.

IEEE Xplore Publication Featured Scott M Graffius Phases of Team Development Work - rev Sept 19 2024 - HiRes

Scott M. Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Featured by ATACC at TBS24 Conference - LwRes2

UC San Diego Features Scott M Graffius Intellectual Property on Teamwork - Geisel - Creative 24101007 - LwRes

Johns Hopkins University Features Work of Scott M Graffius - v24080107 - Tw - LwRes

Semiconductor manufacturing firm Lam Research features Scott M Graffiusโ€™ โ€˜Phases of Team Developmentโ€™ Intellectual Property - Tw Sz Format - LwRes

Bayer Licensed IP of Agile Expert Scott M Graffius - AgileScrumGuide_com - LwRes

Research by Scott M Graffius Used in Materials for CEWEP 10 Congress Berlin - LwRes G

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Scrum_v22123007_LR_1000x1000_sq

Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Transformation_LR_1000x505

Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_cite

How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, October 23). Singapore Institute of Technology Features Work of Scott M. Graffius. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/sit-2024.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.13413.41441.
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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

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scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_x---rev-24101207---content-acknowledgements---lwres

Content Acknowledgements

The Singapore Institute of Technology (
ๆ–ฐๅŠ ๅก็†ๅทฅๅคงๅญฆ) features Scott M. Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property in a course on innovation (USI2001).

This article uses limited excerpts from The Singapore Institute of Technology content, attributed to The Singapore Institute of Technology and used under fair use for news reporting and analysis.

The Singapore Institute of Technology name, mark, and content are the property of the Singapore Institute of Technology.

Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ is copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

black_spacer_lr_sq_v3

scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_x---rev-24101207---copyright---lwres

Copyright

Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.



custom - back to main page of blog


Tufts University Features Scott M. Graffius 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Tufts University Features Scott M Graffius 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property - LwRes



black_spacer_lr_sq_v3

Scott M. Graffius' Intellectual Property on Teamwork Tradecraft

Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and Scott M. Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his ‘Phases of Team Development’ as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development — Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning — inclusive of a graph showing how performance varies by phase, as well as the characteristics and strategies for each phase.

Graffius' intellectual property (IP) is registered with the United States Copyright Office.

Graffius initially developed his ‘Phases of Team Development’ unique material in 2008, and he periodically refreshes it.

For reference, the visual for the current (2024) edition is below and the details are
here.

scott-m-graffius---phases-of-team-development---2024-update---v24010507---jpg-lwres

Organizations around the world engage Graffius to deliver compelling talks and workshops. To date, he's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries:

  • Armenia,
  • Australia,
  • Brazil,
  • Canada,
  • Czech Republic,
  • Finland,
  • France,
  • Germany,
  • Greece,
  • Hong Kong,
  • Hungary,
  • India, Ireland,
  • Lithuania,
  • Luxembourg,
  • Nepal,
  • Netherlands,
  • New Zealand,
  • Norway,
  • Romania,
  • Sweden,
  • Switzerland,
  • United Arab Emirates,
  • United Kingdom,
  • and the United States.

scott-m-graffius-has-delivered-91-talks-and-workshops-across-25-countries---passport-style---lwres

Graffius ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is central and key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are
here and here, respectively.

With an authorization/license from Graffius, his ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property is featured and used by businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities around the globe. Examples include:

  • Adobe,
  • American Management Association,
  • Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
  • Bayer
  • Boston University,
  • Broadcom,
  • Cisco,
  • Deimos Aerospace,
  • DevOps Institute,
  • Erste Group Bank AG (Austria),
  • FINAT,
  • Ford Motor Company,
  • FSU College of Medicine,
  • Hasso Plattner Institute,
  • IEEE,
  • James Madison University,
  • Johns Hopkins University,
  • LeadingEng,
  • London South Bank University,
  • Manufacturers Alliance,
  • Microsoft,
  • New Zealand Government,
  • Oracle,
  • Royal Australasian College of Physicians,
  • TBS Switzerland,
  • Torrens University Australia,
  • Tufts University,
  • U.S. National Park Service,
  • U.S. Tennis Association,
  • UC San Diego,
  • UK Sports Institute,
  • University of Galway Ireland,
  • Victorian Institute of Technology (Australia),
  • Virginia Tech,
  • Warsaw University,
  • Western Sydney University,
  • World Resources Institute,
  • Yale University,
  • ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences,
  • and many others.

Tufts University was added to the list!

The following visuals show the request from Tufts University and license granted by Scott M. Graffius to Tufts University. Personal, sensitive, or confidential information was redacted.

Here's excerpt 1.

Tufts University Features Scott M Graffius 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property - Excerpt 1 - LwRes

And here's excerpt 2.

Tufts University Features Scott M Graffius 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property - Excerpt 2 - LwRes

Read on to learn:

  • About Tufts University,
  • About Scott M. Graffius,
  • How to Cite This Article,
  • and more.

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About Tufts University

Tufts University is a private research university in Medford and Somerville, Massachusetts, United States, with additional facilities in Boston and Grafton, as well as Talloires, France. Tufts refers to itself as a community of active and engaged scholars and creators who drive innovation, discovery, and collaboration to make meaningful individual and global impact. The university is renowned for preparing its students for leadership and success.

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About Scott M. Graffius


Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

See his
bio to learn more.

IEEE Xplore Publication Featured Scott M Graffius Phases of Team Development Work - rev Sept 19 2024 - HiRes

Scott M. Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Featured by ATACC at TBS24 Conference - LwRes2

UC San Diego Features Scott M Graffius Intellectual Property on Teamwork - Geisel - Creative 24101007 - LwRes

Johns Hopkins University Features Work of Scott M Graffius - v24080107 - Tw - LwRes

Semiconductor manufacturing firm Lam Research features Scott M Graffiusโ€™ โ€˜Phases of Team Developmentโ€™ Intellectual Property - Tw Sz Format - LwRes

Bayer Licensed IP of Agile Expert Scott M Graffius - AgileScrumGuide_com - LwRes

Research by Scott M Graffius Used in Materials for CEWEP 10 Congress Berlin - LwRes G

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Scrum_v22123007_LR_1000x1000_sq

Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



black_spacer_lr_sq_v3

About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Transformation_LR_1000x505

Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



black_spacer_lr_sq_v3

scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_cite

How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, October 22). Tufts University Features Scott M. Graffius 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/tufts-2024.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.24587.30241.

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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

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Content Acknowledgements

Tufts University name and mark are the property of Tufts University.

Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ is copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

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scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_x---rev-24101207---copyright---lwres

Copyright

Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.



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'Cat Herders': Retelling the Massive Success Story

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Cat Herders - Retelling the Success Story v8G - LwRes





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Introduction

The 'Cat Herders' commercial is a remarkable piece of advertising history. But, more importantly, it's a case study in how creative work can transform a company's fortunes.

Video of the commercial is embedded in this article.

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Here's the Story

In 2000, Electronic Data Systems (EDS) endeavored to change the company’s image to help advance growth and improve the morale of its employees. It hired the Fallon agency to create a campaign ... and the 'Cat Herders' commercial was born.

Alluding to the management-speak idiom, 'It's like herding cats'—referring to the impossibility of controlling the uncontrollable—it advances an analogy between herding cats and the solutions to seemingly insurmountable problems.

The commercial showed cowboys (most were real, non-actors) herding thousands of cats across the Montana prairie, and it closed with the message, "We bring together information, ideas, and technologies and make them go where you want."

'Cat Herders' was shown on January 30, 2000, at the Super Bowl XXXIV and was cited by then-President Bill Clinton as his favorite commercial. 'Cat Herders' won the First Boards Award, a Cannes Silver Lion, a bronze Clio, Advertising Age’s Best Visual Effects Award, and a silver EFFIE Award. It also received an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Commercial.

'Cat Herders' was a massive success. In addition to awards and accolades, EDS enjoyed an improvement in employee morale and corporate image, along with new business contracts and acquisitions. In 2000, EDS reported fourth-quarter earnings of $5.2 billion (equivalent to about $9.2 billion today), an increase in earnings and a new quarterly record high for the company.

'Cat Herders'—inclusive of its message, "We bring together information, ideas, and technologies and make them go where you want"—resonated with EDS, its employees, its existing clients, new (soon-to-be) clients, those otherwise working in the technology industry, and many others.
One way to think about the successful commercial and its message is that there are solutions to seemingly impossible problems.

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Credits for EDS' 'Cat Herders' (2000) Commercial

  • Director: John O'Hagan
  • Agency: Fallon
  • Agency Producer: Judy Brink
  • Agency Producer: Bob Wendt
  • Agency Producer: Marty Wetherall
  • Creative Director: David Lubars
  • Production Company: Hungry Man
  • Producer: JD Davison
  • Assistant Director: Lee Blaine
  • Cinematographer: Olivier Cocaul
  • Production Designer: Leslie McDonald
  • Stylist: Colleen Atwood
  • Editor: Gordon Carey

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Sources for This Story

This article was based on information from the Television Academy - Emmy Awards, IMDb,
The Wall Street Journal, HP, and the author. Note: EDS is currently part of HP.

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Watch the 'Cat Herders' Video



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About Scott M. Graffius


Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

See his
bio to learn more.

IEEE Xplore Publication Featured Scott M Graffius Phases of Team Development Work - rev Sept 19 2024 - HiRes

Scott M. Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Featured by ATACC at TBS24 Conference - LwRes2

UC San Diego Features Scott M Graffius Intellectual Property on Teamwork - Geisel - Creative 24101007 - LwRes

Johns Hopkins University Features Work of Scott M Graffius - v24080107 - Tw - LwRes

Semiconductor manufacturing firm Lam Research features Scott M Graffiusโ€™ โ€˜Phases of Team Developmentโ€™ Intellectual Property - Tw Sz Format - LwRes

Bayer Licensed IP of Agile Expert Scott M Graffius - AgileScrumGuide_com - LwRes

Research by Scott M Graffius Used in Materials for CEWEP 10 Congress Berlin - LwRes G

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Scrum_v22123007_LR_1000x1000_sq

Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Transformation_LR_1000x505

Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, October 22). 'Cat Herders': Retelling the Massive Success Story. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/cat-herders-success-story.html.

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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

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Content Acknowledgements

The image at the top of this article shows a circa 2000 television with a still frame extracted from the ‘Cat Herders’ commercial on-screen. The still is used under the doctrine of fair use (17 U.S.C. § 107) for the purposes of news reporting, commentary, and educational analysis. The use of this material is transformative in nature, serving to enhance public understanding and discussion of the subject matter. The still is not intended to substitute for the original video, nor does it aim to fulfill the same purpose. The selection of this particular frame was made to illustrate specific points relevant to our analysis, ensuring that the use is both minimal and necessary. The copyright for the video remains with EDS, the owner of the commercial. Note: EDS was subsequently acquired by HP.

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Copyright

Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.


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Pennsylvania State Agency Used Scott M. Graffius' Intellectual Property

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Pennsylvania State Agency Used Scott M Graffius' Intellectual Property - LwRes



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Introduction

A whistleblower/tip informed Scott M. Graffius that a Pennsylvania state agency is using his copyrighted property without credit. After Graffius received the details, he confirmed that the report was valid. Based on the indisputable facts, the bad acts involve the ethical issue of plagiarism and the legal issue of copyright infringement. The Pennsylvania state agency's use of Graffius' intellectual property was not ‘fair use’ nor otherwise allowed.

Graffius vigorously maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other intellectual property rights. This article serves as a clarion call for the Pennsylvania state agency to face the repercussions of, and take responsibility for, their blatant and damaging violation.

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Background

Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and Scott M. Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his ‘Phases of Team Development’ as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development — Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning — inclusive of a graph showing how performance varies by phase, as well as the characteristics and strategies for each phase.

Graffius' intellectual property (IP) is registered with the United States Copyright Office.

Graffius initially developed his ‘Phases of Team Development’ unique material in 2008, and he periodically refreshes it.

For reference, the visual from the edition applicable to this case (v2019) [Exhibit 1] is shown below. It is also available
here and other locations. The integrated text applies.

Exhibit 1 - LwRes

As shown above, Graffius’ copyright ownership details are integrated into and appear on his copyrighted property. Specifically, it reads: “Copyright © 2008-2019 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com.”

Organizations around the world engage Graffius to deliver compelling talks and workshops. To date, he's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries, including:

  • Armenia,
  • Australia,
  • Brazil,
  • Canada,
  • Czech Republic,
  • Finland,
  • France,
  • Germany,
  • Greece,
  • Hong Kong,
  • Hungary,
  • India,
  • Ireland,
  • Lithuania,
  • Luxembourg,
  • Nepal,
  • Netherlands,
  • New Zealand,
  • Norway,
  • Romania,
  • Sweden,
  • Switzerland,
  • United Arab Emirates,
  • United Kingdom,
  • and the United States.

Graffius ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is central and key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are
here and here, respectively.

With an authorization/license from Graffius, his ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is featured and used by businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities around the world. Examples include:


• Adobe,
• American Management Association,
• Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
• Bayer,
• Boston University,
• Broadcom,
• Cisco,
• Deimos Aerospace,
• DevOps Institute,
• Ford Motor Company,
• Hasso Plattner Institute,
• IEEE,
• Johns Hopkins University,
• LeadingEng,
• London South Bank University,
• Manufacturers Alliance,
• Microsoft,
• New Zealand Government,
• Oracle,
• TBS Switzerland,
• Torrens University Australia,
• U.S. National Park Service,
• U.S. Tennis Association,
• UC San Diego,
• UK Sports Institute,
• University of Galway Ireland,
• Virginia Tech,
• Warsaw University,
• Yale University,
• and many others.

Copyrights protect the intellectual property rights of creators, ensuring they receive recognition and compensation for their work, thus incentivizing creativity and innovation. Graffius is vigilant in upholding, protecting, and enforcing his copyrights and other IP rights.

Pennsylvania Department of Human Services Publication Uses Graffius’ Copyrighted Property Without Permission and Without Attribution, Violating Graffius' Intellectual Property Rights

Exhibit 2 is below. It shows pages 1, 54, 55, and 56 of the infringing publication.

Graffius v Pennsylvania - Exhibit 2 - LwRes

As shown above, the infringing document is marked with:

  • “Pennsylvania”
  • “Department of Human Services”
  • “Office of Developmental Programs”
  • “Quality Management Certification Handbook”

The PDF file is named ‘QM_Handbook_FINAL_20220322.pdf.’

The infringing document is known to reside
here and here.

The infringing document may reside at additional locations.

Exhibit 3 is below. It provides a view of characteristics and strategies content from Graffius’ 2019 copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ property, contrasted with infringing corresponding content from the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services’ 2022 ‘Quality Management Certification Handbook.’

Graffius v Pennsylvania - Exhibit 3 - LwRes

Again, Graffius’ copyright ownership details and permission request information are integrated into and appear on his intellectual property.

Permission to use Graffius’ copyrighted property was not requested nor approved.

Nevertheless, Graffius’ copyrighted property was used in the infringing publication.

Comparing Graffius' copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' intellectual property with the infringing document is reveals blatant infringement. As a supplement to the visual above, here are some examples, shown in-line:

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: ”Sticking to safe topics”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “stick to safe topics”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Taking the ‘lead’”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “taking the lead”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Providing clear expectations and consistent instructions”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “providing clear expectations and consistent instructions”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Competition
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “competition”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “High emotions”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “strong emotions”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Normalizing matters”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “normalizing”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Reconciliation”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “reconciliation”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Members are engaged & supportive”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “engaged and supportive of each other”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Relief, lowered anxiety”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “relief/lowered anxiety”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Developing cohesion”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “cohesion”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Recognizing individual and group efforts”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “recognizing individual and group efforts”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Providing learning opportunities and feedback”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “providing learning opportunities and feedback”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Monitoring the ‘energy’ of the group”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “monitoring the energy of the group”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Reconciliation”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “reconciliation”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Demonstrations of interdependence”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “demonstration of interdependence”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Ability to effectively produce as a team”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “ability to effectively produce as a team”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “’Guiding from the side’ (minimal intervention)”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “guiding from the side lines with minimal intervention”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Celebrating”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “celebrating”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Encouraging group decision-making & problem-solving”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: “encouraging group decision-making and problem-solving”

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Providing opportunities to share learning across teams”
๐Ÿ”ด The infringing 2022 publication includes this: ”providing opportunities to share learning across teams”

Conclusion

Again, Graffius’ copyright ownership details and permission request information are integrated into and appear on his intellectual property.

Permission to use Graffius’ copyrighted property was not requested nor approved.

Nevertheless, the infringing Pennsylvania Department of Human Services publication used Graffius’ copyrighted property.

A significant volume of Graffius’ copyrighted property was used.

The Pennsylvania Department of Human Services infringing publication did not attribute Graffius’ copyrighted property to Graffius. Accordingly, the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services wrongly leads others to falsely believe that it is the author and owner of Graffius’ respective intellectual property.

The Pennsylvania Department of Human Services blatantly violated Graffius’ intellectual property rights.

Copyright infringement is disgraceful, unprofessional, unethical, immoral, and illegal.

The Pennsylvania Department of Human Services’ infringement damaged the marketability and value of Graffius’ intellectual property.

For the aforementioned reasons, the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services’ use of Graffius’ copyrighted property was not ‘fair use’ nor otherwise allowed.

So long as the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services’ infringing publication exists anywhere, in any form, the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services continues to spread misinformation and violate Graffius’ intellectual property rights.

The Pennsylvania Department of Human Services must immediately implement the following three (3) actions regarding their infringing publication—and any other documents or materials containing infringing content:

  1. Remove the Infringing Material. Electronic Versions: Immediately remove the infringing publication from all digital platforms where it is advertised, promoted, sold, or distributed; this includes removing or disabling any online access to it. Physical Copies: If physical copies of the material are in inventory or circulation, stop further distribution; recall any copies already distributed; destroy all physical copies.
  2. Issue a Retraction. Publish a formal retraction notice acknowledging the infringement and the steps taken to rectify the situation. The notice will present the facts as they are—the notice will not "spin" or "downplay" the infringement.
  3. Notify Relevant Parties. Recipients: Inform the respective subscribers, purchasers, users, or other recipients of the material about the retraction, ensuring transparency about the issue; again, the notice will present the facts as they are—the notice will not "spin" or "downplay" the infringement. Indexes and Databases: Notify any databases or indexing services that list the material so they can update their records accordingly.

Copyrights and other intellectual property rights are essential because they safeguard the works of creators, allowing them to benefit from their efforts, which in turn fosters creativity and innovation. Graffius vigorously maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other intellectual property rights.

This troubling and consequential case is open.

If there's an update after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

Read on to learn:

  • About Pennsylvania,
  • About Scott M. Graffius,
  • References/Sources,
  • How to Cite This Article,
  • Post-Publication Notes,
  • and more.

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About Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States.
It’s the fifth-most populous state, with over 13 million residents as of the 2020 U.S. census.

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About Scott M. Graffius


Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

See his
bio to learn more.

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Scrum_v22123007_LR_1000x1000_sq

Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Transformation_LR_1000x505

Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_references

References/Sources


The following is a list of material on publishing standards and procedures. Some cover the reporting and handling of copyright infringement.

  1. Alter, Alexandra (2019, September 22). It’s a Fact: Mistakes are Embarrassing the Publishing Industry. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/22/business/publishing-books-errors.html.
  2. American Psychological Association (2019, November). Correction Notices. Available at: https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/research-publication/correction-notices.
  3. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) (2018, November 15). ACM Publications Policy on the Withdrawal, Correction, Retraction, and Removal of Works from ACM Publications and ACM DL. Available at: https://www.acm.org/publications/policies/retraction-policy.
  4. Cambridge University Press (n.d.). Publishing Ethics. Available at: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/flow/information/journal-policies/publishing-ethics.
  5. Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) (n.d.). Post-Publication Discussions and Corrections. Available at: https://publicationethics.org/postpublication.
  6. Elsevier (n.d.). Policy and Best practice: Errata & Corrigenda. Available at: https://www.elsevier.com/editor/perk/policy-and-best-practice-errata-and-corrigenda.
  7. Emerald Publishing (n.d.). Article Withdrawal & Correction. Available at: https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/publish-with-us/author-policies/article-withdrawal-correction.
  8. Faust, Jessica (2007, October 3). Typos and Errors After Publication. Available at: https://bookendsliterary.com/typos-and-errors-after-publication.
  9. Graffius, Scott M. (2024, March 22). The Protocol for Reporting an Error to an Author or Publisher. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/error-reporting.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.18830.98883.
  10. Graffius, Scott M. (2021, November 10). An Error Was Introduced Into the Seventh Edition of 'A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)'. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/pmbok7.html.
  11. Idunn (n.d.). Publishing and Research Ethics Policy. Available at: https://www.idunn.no/info/publiseringsetikk.
  12. IEEE (n.d.). Publishing Ethics: Guidelines and Policies: Post-Publication Policies. Available at: https://books.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/book-publishing-at-ieee/publishing-ethics/guidelines-and-policies/post-publication-policies.
  13. Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) (n.d.). Guidelines for Ethical Behavior in Publishing. Available at: https://pubsonline.informs.org/page/opre/guidelines-for-ethical-behavior-in-publishing.
  14. IntechOpen (n.d.). Retraction and Correction Policy. Available at: https://www.intechopen.com/page/retraction-and-correction-policy.
  15. Marasoviฤ‡, Tea; Utrobiฤ‰iฤ‡, Ana; and Maruลiฤ‡, Ana (2018, March 31). Transparency of Retracting and Replacing Articles. The Lancet, 391 (10127): 1244-1245.
  16. Nature (n.d.). Editorial and Publishing Policies. Available at: https://www.nature.com/srep/journal-policies/editorial-policies.
  17. O’Reilly Media (n.d.). Errata for Java in a Nutshell. Available at: https://www.oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=0636920030775.
  18. Palgrave Macmillan (n.d.). Corrections and Retractions. Available at: https://www.palgrave.com/gp/editorial-policies/corrections-and-retractions.
  19. Pearson Education / InformIT (n.d.). Contact Us: Submit Errata. Available at: https://www.informit.com/about/contact_us/index.aspx?ContactUs_Topics_Partners_id=9d39709c-c911-4c96-ac2c-2c5a22d68ba9.
  20. Project Management Institute (PMI) (n.d.). PMI Standards Program Comment Form. Available at: https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/pmbok-standards/pmi-standards-program-comment-form.pdf.
  21. Project Management Institute (PMI) (n.d.). Standards Errata Sheets. Available at: https://www.pmi.org/pmbok-guide-standards/foundational/pmbok/errata-sheets.
  22. Public Library of Science (PLOS) (n.d.). Corrections, Expressions of Concern, and Retractions. Available at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/corrections-and-retractions.
  23. SAE International (n.d.). ARINC Standard – Errata Report Template. Available at: https://wcm14.sae.org/site/binaries/content/assets/itc/content/arinc/errata-form.docx [note: selecting the link will download the file].
  24. Sage Publications (n.d.). Sage Corrections and Retractions Policy. Available at: https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/sage-corrections-and-retractions-policy.
  25. Science Publishing Group (n.d.). Ethical Guidelines. Available at: https://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/information/ethical-guidelines.
  26. Springer (n.d.). Editorial Policies: Corrections and Retractions. Available at: https://www.springer.com/gp/editorial-policies/corrections-and-retractions.
  27. Taylor & Francis (n.d.). Publishing Ethics for Journal Editors: FAQs. Available at: https://editorresources.taylorandfrancis.com/publishing-ethics-for-editors/publishing-ethics-faqs.
  28. Ubiquity Press (n.d.). Correction and Retraction Policy. Available at: https://ubiquitypress.com/site/corrections.
  29. Warner, Brooke (2019, April 26). How to Publish a Perfect Book. Available at: https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/authors/pw-select/article/79902-how-to-publish-a-perfect-book.html.
  30. Wiley (n.d.). Best Practice Guidelines on Research Integrity and Publishing Ethics. Available at: https://authorservices.wiley.com/ethics-guidelines/index.html.
  31. Wiley Author Services (n.d.). Wiley's Policy for Handling Retractions, Withdrawals, and Expressions of Concern. Available at: https://authorservices.wiley.com/ethics-guidelines/retractions-and-expressions-of-concern.html.
  32. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) (n.d.). Managing Intellectual Property in the Book Publishing Industry. Available at: https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/copyright/868/wipo_pub_868.pdf.

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How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, October 21). Pennsylvania State Agency Used Scott M. Graffius' Intellectual Property. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/pa-state-agency-2024.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29391.09120.
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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication (21 October 2024), they will appear here.

Update on 25 October 2024

Graffius emailed the details of the violation—as delineated in this article—to multiple people with Pennsylvania's Department of Human Services. That email was titled "Notice to Pennsylvania Department of Human Services on the unauthorized and unattributed use of Scott M. Graffius' intellectual property; copyright infringement, damages."

Update on 26 October 2024

Additionally, Graffius forwarded the email referenced above to Valerie A. Arkoosh. She is the head of Pennsylvania's Department of Human Services.

Update on 28 October 2024

To date, Pennsylvania's Department of Human Services has not addressed nor resolved their violation. Accordingly, it knowingly and willfully continues to spread misinformation and violate Graffius’ intellectual property rights.

Any further updates on this consequential matter will appear here.

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Content Acknowledgements

This article uses limited excerpts from the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services’ content, attributed to the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services and used under fair use for news reporting and analysis. Pennsylvania Department of Human Services’ content (excerpt for what was stolen from others) is the property of the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services.

Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ is copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. Visit ScottGraffius.com.

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Copyright


Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.


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Copyright Infringement in a Book Published by AuthorHouse / Author Solutions / The Najafi Companies: Publisher Fails to Respond or Take Required Action

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Scott M Graffius - Quiz - Copyright Infringement in a Book Published by AuthorHouse - Author Solutions - The Najafi Companies - LwRes



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Introduction

Publishers must respond decisively to reports of copyright infringement by swiftly acknowledging complaints, conducting thorough investigations, and taking appropriate actions.

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Quiz Question

The visual at the top of this article depicts a quiz related to a real situation. Here's the question:

You discovered blatant copyright infringement in a book published by AuthorHouse / Author Solutions / The Najafi Companies. You reported it—with detailed specifics and indisputable evidence—to the publisher. What should happen next (within five business days)?

๐Ÿ”˜ A. The publisher replies with, 'Thank you for alerting us about the violation; we’re looking into it.'

๐Ÿ”˜ B. The publisher challenges you to a duel to defend their honor.

๐Ÿ”˜ C. The publisher does not respond nor take any required action.

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Quiz Answer

The question is about what should happen. For that reason, the correct answer is: 'A. The publisher replies with, 'Thank you for alerting us about the violation; we're looking into it.'

When publishers receive a report of copyright infringement, they should promptly acknowledge receipt of the report by responding within no longer than five business days. This action demonstrates transparency, professionalism, and a commitment to maintaining the integrity of the publication. Conversely, not expeditiously acknowledging receipt of the report conveys a lack of transparency, a lack of professionalism, and a lack of commitment to integrity.

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Radio Silence by the Publisher

It would be nice if the quiz above was just a hypothetical/thought experiment. Unfortunately, it's related to the real situation where Scott M. Graffius discovered blatant violation of his copyright in a book published by AuthorHouse / Author Solutions / The Najafi Companies. Graffius notified the publisher of the violation on 2 October 2024.

As mentioned earlier, publishers should promptly acknowledge receipt of copyright violatioon reports by responding within no longer than five business days. As of the date of this article (17 October 2024), 10 business days have elapsed since the violation was reported. And the publisher maintains radio silence.

Copyright infringement is bad. By not acknowledging receipt of the report, the publisher made the bad situation worse. And the publisher has not yet removed the infringing publication.

It is imperative that the publisher demonstrates—through its actions—a commitment to upholding the highest standards of ethics and intellectual property rights. The publisher must take immediate and decisive action. Otherwise, the publisher is knowingly endorsing, permitting or otherwise allowing ongoing misinformation and the perpetual violation of Graffius' intellectual property.

Details follow.

If there's an update on this consequential matter after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

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Details on the Copyright Violation

On 2 October 2024, Scott M. Graffius observed a violation of his copyright in a book published by AuthorHouse / Author Solutions / The Najafi Companies. That same day, Graffius wrote to the publisher. His email was titled, 'Your infringing 'Leadership and Management Compendium' 2024 publication violates the 2021 copyright of Scott M. Graffius, damages.' It contained detailed specifics and indisputable evidence. Saved as a PDF, Graffius' email is 12 pages.

Excerpts from Graffius' 12-page email follow. They're shown in blue italic font.

A book published by AuthorHouse—which is part of Author Solutions, which is owned by The Najafi Companies—violates the copyright of Scott M. Graffius. The infringement constitutes a profound and disgraceful breach of professional ethics, moral standards, and Graffius’ intellectual property rights. Here are the specifics on the publication.

  • Infringing Publication: Leadership and Management Compendium
  • Publisher of Infringing Publication: AuthorHouse which is part of Author Solutions which is owned by The Najafi Companies
  • Author of Infringing Publication: David Obatomi
  • Publication Date for Infringing Publication: 4 September 2024
  • Product Information for Softcover Format of Infringing Publication: Dimensions 6x9, Page Count 510, ISBN-13 979-8823088893, ASIN B0DG61RVJV
  • Product Information for E-book Format of Infringing Publication: ISBN-13 979-8823088909, ASIN‏: B0DGCYQB9P

Details follow.

Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman, Ph.D., and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and Scott M. Graffius’ first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his ‘Phases of Team Development.’ It’s a unique perspective on the five phases of team development—Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning—and it’s inclusive of the characteristics/features/traits and strategies for each phase.

Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property is registered with the United States Copyright Office.

Graffius initially developed his intellectual property in 2008, and he periodically refreshes it. For reference, an authorized example of his copyrighted property applicable in this case (2021 edition) is here: https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22040.42246 . It is shown below as well (in Exhibit 1).

Graffius v Author Solutions AuthorHouse The Najafi Companies David Obatomi - Exhibit 1 - LwRes

As shown above, Graffius’ copyright ownership details are integrated into and appear on his copyrighted property. Specifically, it reads: “Copyright © 2008-2021 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com.”

Conference organizers, businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities around the world engage Graffius to deliver compelling talks and workshops. To date, he’s presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries, including:

  • Armenia,
  • Australia,
  • Brazil,
  • Canada,
  • Czech Republic,
  • Finland,
  • France,
  • Germany,
  • Greece,
  • Hong Kong,
  • Hungary,
  • India,
  • Ireland,
  • Lithuania,
  • Luxembourg,
  • Nepal,
  • Netherlands,
  • New Zealand,
  • Norway,
  • Romania,
  • Sweden,
  • Switzerland,
  • United Arab Emirates,
  • United Kingdom,
  • and the United States.

Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property is central and key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are at https://scottgraffius.com/resources/Exceptional-PPM-and-PMO-Solutions-Rate-Card-for-2024-2025-v24071607.pdf and https://scottgraffius.com/publicspeaker.html, respectively.

With an authorization/license from Graffius, many organizations around the world have featured and used his copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ work. Select examples include:

  • Adobe,
  • American Management Association,
  • Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
  • Boston University,
  • Broadcom,
  • Cisco,
  • Deimos Aerospace,
  • DevOps Institute,
  • Erste Group Bank AG (Austria),
  • FINAT,
  • Ford Motor Company,
  • FSU College of Medicine,
  • Hasso Plattner Institute (Germany),
  • IEEE,
  • Johns Hopkins University,
  • LeadingEng,
  • London South Bank University,
  • Manufacturers Alliance,
  • Microsoft,
  • New Zealand Government,
  • Oracle,
  • Royal Australasian College of Physicians,
  • TBS Switzerland,
  • Torrens University (Australia),
  • Tufts University,
  • U.S. National Park Service,
  • U.S. Tennis Association,
  • UC San Diego,
  • UK Sports Institute,
  • University of Galway (Ireland),
  • Victorian Institute of Technology (Australia),
  • Virginia Tech,
  • Warsaw University,
  • Western Sydney University (Australia),
  • World Resources Institute,
  • Yale University,
  • ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences,
  • and many others.

Details on the infringement follow.

The next visual (Exhibit 2) delineates that AuthorHouse is part of Author Solutions, and Author Solutions is owned by The Najafi Companies.

Graffius v Author Solutions AuthorHouse The Najafi Companies David Obatomi - Exhibit 2 - LwRes

The visual below (Exhibit 3) shows the publisher’s book, Leadership and Management Compendium, on the publisher’s website.

Graffius v Author Solutions AuthorHouse The Najafi Companies David Obatomi - Exhibit 3 - LwRes

The following visual (Exhibit 4) shows the infringing Leadership and Management Compendium 2024 book violating the 2021 copyright of Graffius. The infringing 2024 book uses Graffius’ 2021 copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ property. The infringing 2024 book labeled Graffius’ 2021 copyrighted property at “Figure 3.5a.”

Graffius v Author Solutions AuthorHouse The Najafi Companies David Obatomi - Exhibit 4 - LwRes

Again, Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property includes this: “Copyright © 2008-2021 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com.”

Permission was not requested to use Graffius’ 2021 copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ property.

Permission was not provided to use Graffius’ 2021 copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ property.

Nevertheless, the infringing 2024 Leadership and Management Compendium book inappropriately included 2021 Graffius’ copyrighted property.

The infringing Leadership and Management Compendium 2024 book uses the majority (the entire visual) of 2021 Graffius’ protected property.

The infringement involves the commercial use of Graffius’ copyrighted property.

Others, not Graffius, are financial beneficiaries of the infringing Leadership and Management Compendium 2024.

For the aforementioned reasons, the use of Graffius’ copyrighted property was not ‘fair use’ nor ‘fair dealing’ nor otherwise allowed.

Copyright infringement undermines the hard work and innovation of others and is a disgraceful, unprofessional, dishonest, immoral, unethical, and illegal practice.

Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other intellectual property rights.

You must IMMEDIATELY implement the following three (3) actions:

1. Remove the Infringing Book
1 (a). Electronic Versions: Immediately remove the infringing book (in any language or form or format) from all digital platforms where it is advertised, promoted, sold or distributed. This includes removing or disabling any online access to it. Recall/retract any electronic editions of the book sold or otherwise distributed.
1 (b). Physical Copies: If physical copies of the infringing book (in any language or form or format) are in inventory or circulation, stop all further distribution. Recall any copies already sold or otherwise distributed.

2. Issue a Retraction
Publish a formal retraction notice acknowledging the infringement and the steps taken to rectify the situation. The notice will present the facts as they are; the notice will not “spin” or “downplay” the infringement. The notice is to be clearly visible and accessible.

3. Update Databases and Indexes
Notify databases or indexing services about the removal of the infringing book so they can update their records accordingly.

The infringement damaged the marketability and value of Graffius’ intellectual property.

Graffius reserves all rights in this disturbing, damaging, and consequential matter.

The preceding provided excerpts of key content—not the full transcript—of Graffius' email.

Copyright infringement constitutes a profound and disgraceful breach of professional ethics, moral standards, and Graffius’ intellectual property rights.

It is shocking that the publisher has not yet responded to Graffius' report of the violation. By not acknowledging receipt of the report, the publisher signals a lack of transparency, a lack of professionalism, and a lack of commitment to integrity.

It is imperative that the publisher (AuthorHouse / Author Solutions / The Najafi Companies) demonstrates through their actions a commitment to upholding the highest standards of ethics and intellectual property rights. The publisher must take immediate and decisive action.

This troubling and consequential case is open.

If there's an update after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

Read on to learn:

  • About the Publisher,
  • About Scott M. Graffius,
  • References/Sources,
  • How to Cite This Article,
  • Post-Publication Notes,
  • and more.

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About the Publisher

The publisher, AuthorHouse, is part of Author Solutions, which is owned by
The Najafi Companies.

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About Scott M. Graffius


Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

See his
bio to learn more.

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

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Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

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Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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References/Sources


The following is a list of material on publishing standards and procedures. Some cover the reporting and handling of copyright infringement.

  1. Alter, Alexandra (2019, September 22). It’s a Fact: Mistakes are Embarrassing the Publishing Industry. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/22/business/publishing-books-errors.html.
  2. American Psychological Association (2019, November). Correction Notices. Available at: https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/research-publication/correction-notices.
  3. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) (2018, November 15). ACM Publications Policy on the Withdrawal, Correction, Retraction, and Removal of Works from ACM Publications and ACM DL. Available at: https://www.acm.org/publications/policies/retraction-policy.
  4. Cambridge University Press (n.d.). Publishing Ethics. Available at: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/flow/information/journal-policies/publishing-ethics.
  5. Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) (n.d.). Post-Publication Discussions and Corrections. Available at: https://publicationethics.org/postpublication.
  6. Elsevier (n.d.). Policy and Best practice: Errata & Corrigenda. Available at: https://www.elsevier.com/editor/perk/policy-and-best-practice-errata-and-corrigenda.
  7. Emerald Publishing (n.d.). Article Withdrawal & Correction. Available at: https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/publish-with-us/author-policies/article-withdrawal-correction.
  8. Faust, Jessica (2007, October 3). Typos and Errors After Publication. Available at: https://bookendsliterary.com/typos-and-errors-after-publication.
  9. Graffius, Scott M. (2024, March 22). The Protocol for Reporting an Error to an Author or Publisher. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/error-reporting.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.18830.98883.
  10. Graffius, Scott M. (2021, November 10). An Error Was Introduced Into the Seventh Edition of 'A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)'. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/pmbok7.html.
  11. Idunn (n.d.). Publishing and Research Ethics Policy. Available at: https://www.idunn.no/info/publiseringsetikk.
  12. IEEE (n.d.). Publishing Ethics: Guidelines and Policies: Post-Publication Policies. Available at: https://books.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/book-publishing-at-ieee/publishing-ethics/guidelines-and-policies/post-publication-policies.
  13. Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) (n.d.). Guidelines for Ethical Behavior in Publishing. Available at: https://pubsonline.informs.org/page/opre/guidelines-for-ethical-behavior-in-publishing.
  14. IntechOpen (n.d.). Retraction and Correction Policy. Available at: https://www.intechopen.com/page/retraction-and-correction-policy.
  15. Marasoviฤ‡, Tea; Utrobiฤ‰iฤ‡, Ana; and Maruลiฤ‡, Ana (2018, March 31). Transparency of Retracting and Replacing Articles. The Lancet, 391 (10127): 1244-1245.
  16. Nature (n.d.). Editorial and Publishing Policies. Available at: https://www.nature.com/srep/journal-policies/editorial-policies.
  17. O’Reilly Media (n.d.). Errata for Java in a Nutshell. Available at: https://www.oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=0636920030775.
  18. Palgrave Macmillan (n.d.). Corrections and Retractions. Available at: https://www.palgrave.com/gp/editorial-policies/corrections-and-retractions.
  19. Pearson Education / InformIT (n.d.). Contact Us: Submit Errata. Available at: https://www.informit.com/about/contact_us/index.aspx?ContactUs_Topics_Partners_id=9d39709c-c911-4c96-ac2c-2c5a22d68ba9.
  20. Project Management Institute (PMI) (n.d.). PMI Standards Program Comment Form. Available at: https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/pmbok-standards/pmi-standards-program-comment-form.pdf.
  21. Project Management Institute (PMI) (n.d.). Standards Errata Sheets. Available at: https://www.pmi.org/pmbok-guide-standards/foundational/pmbok/errata-sheets.
  22. Public Library of Science (PLOS) (n.d.). Corrections, Expressions of Concern, and Retractions. Available at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/corrections-and-retractions.
  23. SAE International (n.d.). ARINC Standard – Errata Report Template. Available at: https://wcm14.sae.org/site/binaries/content/assets/itc/content/arinc/errata-form.docx [note: selecting the link will download the file].
  24. Sage Publications (n.d.). Sage Corrections and Retractions Policy. Available at: https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/sage-corrections-and-retractions-policy.
  25. Science Publishing Group (n.d.). Ethical Guidelines. Available at: https://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/information/ethical-guidelines.
  26. Springer (n.d.). Editorial Policies: Corrections and Retractions. Available at: https://www.springer.com/gp/editorial-policies/corrections-and-retractions.
  27. Taylor & Francis (n.d.). Publishing Ethics for Journal Editors: FAQs. Available at: https://editorresources.taylorandfrancis.com/publishing-ethics-for-editors/publishing-ethics-faqs.
  28. Ubiquity Press (n.d.). Correction and Retraction Policy. Available at: https://ubiquitypress.com/site/corrections.
  29. Warner, Brooke (2019, April 26). How to Publish a Perfect Book. Available at: https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/authors/pw-select/article/79902-how-to-publish-a-perfect-book.html.
  30. Wiley (n.d.). Best Practice Guidelines on Research Integrity and Publishing Ethics. Available at: https://authorservices.wiley.com/ethics-guidelines/index.html.
  31. Wiley Author Services (n.d.). Wiley's Policy for Handling Retractions, Withdrawals, and Expressions of Concern. Available at: https://authorservices.wiley.com/ethics-guidelines/retractions-and-expressions-of-concern.html.
  32. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) (n.d.). Managing Intellectual Property in the Book Publishing Industry. Available at: https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/copyright/868/wipo_pub_868.pdf.

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How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, October 17). Copyright Infringement in a Book Published by AuthorHouse / Author Solutions / The Najafi Companies: Publisher Fails to Respond or Take Required Action. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/the-najafi-companies.html.
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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

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Content Acknowledgements

This article uses limited excerpts from the publisher (AuthorHouse / Author Solutions / The Najafi Companies) and the infringing publication, attributed to their respective owners and used under fair use for news reporting and analysis.

Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ is copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.


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Copyright


Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.


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Pinterest Inc. References Scott M. Graffius’ Research

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Pinterest Inc References Scott M Graffius' Research - v1-3 - LwRes



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Pinterest Inc. References Graffius’ Research!

When content is published on social media platforms, relevance and engagement have a limited lifespan. Most posts receive half of their total engagement (such as likes, shares, and comments) relatively soon, with the remainder spread out over a comparatively longer period. Said differently, plotting engagement against time typically reveals a distribution where the peak engagement occurs early, with a long tail of diminishing interaction, resembling a positively skewed unimodal distribution.

Given the above, an advantageous, objective metric for social media posts is half-life. It’s the time it takes for a post to receive half of its total engagement. Data can help inform strategic and tactical decisions, such as the frequency and scheduling of posts.

Reports by others on the longevity of social media are often outdated or based on the experience of one person, one organization, or one limited set of data. With any of those common limitations, findings are at risk of being non-representative, inaccurate, or unreliable.

It’s vital to have a large dataset from multiple sources. In addition to generating results that are more likely to be appropriately representative, accurate, and reliable, this approach provides a clearer picture and helps identify trends.

In 2018, Scott M. Graffius first published data on the average lifespan (half-life) of posts on Snapchat, X (formerly Twitter), Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, YouTube, Pinterest, and blogs based on a large dataset of multiple, diverse sources. Algorithms and other factors on platforms change over time. For that reason, Graffius periodically updates his analysis.

A visual from the current (2024) edition of his ‘Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts’ is shown below and the details are
here.

-scott-m-graffius---lifespan-halflife-of-social-media-posts---infographic-visual---2024-edition---v-23122407---jpg-1000x570

Scientists, researchers, journalists, academics, YouTubers, podcasters, digital marketing experts, businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and others around the world have featured and used Scott M. Graffius’ ‘Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts’ research, indicating a broad spectrum of influence and application. Examples are listed in the Coverage of Graffius' Research section of the article.

Pinterest Inc. is now also on the list! It referenced Graffius’ research in an article on the Pinterest Inc. Business Blog.

Pinterest Inc References Scott M Graffiusโ€™ Research in the Pinterest Business Blog - Alt Img SQ 24101607 G7 - LwRes

Details follow.

On 26 September 2024, Pinterest Inc. requested permission to use Graffius' research in an article on the Pinterest Inc. Business Blog. Graffius agreed.

Email 1 of 3 is shown below.

Pinterest Inc References Scott M Graffius' Research - v1-3 - Excerpt 1 - LwRes

Here's email 2 of 3.

Pinterest Inc References Scott M Graffius' Research - v1-3 - Excerpt 2 - LwRes

And here's email 3 of 3.

Pinterest Inc References Scott M Graffius' Research - v1-3 - Excerpt 3 - LwRes

On 2 October 2024, Pinterest Inc. published ‘Unlock the Full Potential of Pinterest with Marketing Mix Modeling’ on their Pinterest Business Blog at
https://business.pinterest.com/blog/unlock-potential-pinterest-marketing-mix-modelling/. The top of the article is shown in the visual below.

Pinterest Inc References Scott M Graffius' Research - v1-3G - Excerpt 4 - LwRes

As shown below, the article includes: ‘Content on Pinterest lasts, on average, over 100 times longer than on other platforms.³‘

That ‘³’ footnote is a reference to Graffius’ ‘Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts’ research.

Pinterest Inc References Scott M Graffius' Research - v1-3G - Excerpt 5 - LwRes


The Footnotes section is located at the end of
the article. Selecting the "+" symbol reveals the footnotes content.

Pinterest Inc References Scott M Graffius' Research - v1-3G - Excerpt 6 - LwRes

Footnote 3 references Graffius' work: "Graffius, Scott M. (2024, January 1). Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2024. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/social-24.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.21043.60965."

Pinterest Inc References Scott M Graffius' Research - v1-3G - Excerpt 7 - LwRes

Pinterest's business blog article is available
here and Graffius' research is here.

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About Pinterest

Pinterest is a visual search and discovery platform where people find inspiration, curate ideas, and shop products—all in a positive place online. Headquartered in San Francisco, Pinterest launched in 2010 and has over half a billion monthly active users worldwide.

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Coverage of Graffius' Research

Graffius' ‘Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts’ has captured the attention of a diverse global audience of businesses, digital marketing experts, scientists, journalists, podcasters, YouTubers, government agencies, and others. Here are select examples:

  1. Bensley, Robert J., & Brookins-Fisher, Jodi (2023, December 14). Community and Public Health Education Methods: A Practical Guide—Fifth Edition. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. [The authors cover Graffius’ work in Chapter 10 (Using Social Media) and list Graffius’ work as reference number 84 on page 256. A link to the publication at Google Books is here: https://bit.ly/cphem-5.]
  2. Berkessel, Juergen (2021, October 27). How Evergreen Posting on Social Media for Podcasters Creates Growth. Season 1, Episode 9 of the Podcasting Strategy Show. Available at: https://polymash.com/evergreen-posting. [The podcast references Graffius’ research. Show notes include Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” visual as well as a hyperlink to Graffius’ full report.]
  3. Buffer (2024, February 7). 9 Ways to Grow Your Following on X/Twitter. Available at: https://buffer.com/resources/get-more-followers-on-twitter-x/. [It has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  4. Burton, Taylor (2022, November 2). Social Media Marketing: Leveraging LinkedIn. Pennsylvania Bar Institute. Available at: https://go.pbi.org/blog/social-media-marketing-leveraging-linkedin. [In the article, “LinkedIn posts are shown to have a longer lifespan” is hyperlinked to Graffius’ research.]
  5. Center for Direct Marketing (2024, March 25). Best Marketing Podcasts, Lifespan of Social Media and Blog Posts. Available at: https://dmcenter.com/march-2024/. [The article references, and has a link to, Graffius’ research.]
  6. Center for Direct Marketing (2022, September 27). What Is the Average Lifespan of a Blog or Social Media Post? Available at: https://dmcenter.com/lifespan-of-a-post. [The article includes data from Graffius and a hyperlink to his research.]
  7. Chaturvedi, Saurabh (2024, September 27). How Often to Post on Social Media. Available at: https://recurpost.com/blog/how-often-to-post-on-social-media/.
  8. Chowdhary, Tanish (2023, March 21). 13 Best Twitter Thread Tools to Go Viral in 2023. Geekflare. Available at: https://geekflare.com/best-twitter-thread-tools. [The article includes Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” visual and a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  9. Confederation of European Waste-to-Energy Plants (CEWEP) (2023, June 15). The Power of Social Media and How to Use It. 10th CEWEP Waste-to-Energy Congress, 14th - 16th June 2023, Berlin. Available at: https://www.cewep.eu/congress2023presentations/ and https://www.cewep.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/4.1-Monika-Michalska.pdf. [CEWEP Congress presentation slide 9 featured Graffius’ visual, representing a summary of his research findings.]
  10. Degraux, Xavier (2022, November 5). Quelle est la Durée d’un Post sur Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn. Available at: https://www.xavierdegraux.be/quelle-est-la-duree-dun-post-sur-twitter-instagram-linkedin. [In his article, Xavier Degraux — a social networks and content marketing consultant based in Belgium — discussed Graffius' work and provided a hyperlink to the research. Here's the title in English: How Long is a Post on Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn.]
  11. Encompass Online Marketing (2023, March 15). How Often Should You Publish New Content? Available at: https://encompassonline.ca/blog/how-often-should-you-publish-new-content. [Among other points, the article references the lifespan of tweets and has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  12. Fallah, Georges (2023, December 18). The Best Times to Post on Social Media. Available at: https://www.vbout.com/blog/the-best-times-to-post-on-social-media. [The article has hyperlinks to Graffius’ research.]
  13. Gebauer, Susanna (2022, October 25). Twitter Scheduling: How to Schedule Tweets for More Impact. Available at: https://susannagebauer.com/blog/twitter-scheduling/. [The article includes a link to Graffius' research.]
  14. Geyser, Werner (2023, September 20). 34 Mind-blowing Pinterest Stats for 2023. Influencer Marketing Hub. Available at: https://influencermarketinghub.com/pinterest-stats. [The article references the durations of “three months” and provides a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  15. GoDaddy (2023, February 20). How to Do Social Media: A Guide for Small Businesses and Entrepreneurs. Available at: https://www.godaddy.com/resources/skills/how-to-do-social-media. [In discussing the lifespan of tweets, the article provides a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  16. Gotch, Nathan (2023, December 4). How to Start an SEO Business (2024 Update). Available at: https://www.gotchseo.com/start-seo-company/. [The article includes Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” visual and a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  17. Hawes, C. W. (2023, January 24). Social Media Half-Life. Available at: https://www.cwhawes.com/social-media-half-life. [The article identifies Graffius’ research and has a hyperlink to it.]
  18. John, Vanessa (2024, September 5). Website vs. Social Media - Do You Still Need a Site in 2024? Madgicx. Available at: https://madgicx.com/blog/website-and-social-media.
  19. Karr, Douglas (2024, February 18). The Half-Life of Social Media Posts in 2024: Navigating Lifespan for Strategic Impact. Available at: https://martech.zone/half-life-of-a-social-media-post/.
  20. Lin, Yunduan, & Wang, Mengxin, & Zhang, Heng, & Zhang, Renyu, & Shen, Zuo-Jun Max (2021, June 9; revised 2023, June 28). Content Promotion for Online Content Platforms with the Diffusion Effect. SSRN. Available at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3863104 and https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3863104. [The scientific paper mentions Graffius’ work, and it delineates his research in the References section.]
  21. McErlain-Naylor, Stuart (2022, March 24). Social Media for Academia - All You Need to Know [Video]. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ka88MxZbU8o. [At timestamp 13:59 in the video, Dr. Stuart McErlain-Naylor displays a visual which summarizes the 2022 edition of Graffius’ research.]
  22. MeetEdgar (2023, April 2). Everything You Need to Know About Repeating Social Media Content. Available at: https://meetedgar.com/blog/repeating-social-media-content. [This article from social media management tool company MeetEdgar discusses the lifespan of posts and it has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  23. Memom, Alafiya (2023, June 14). Master the Art of Using Pinterest for Blogging in 2023. ContentStudio. Available at: https://blog.contentstudio.io/pinterest-for-blogging. [The article rounds up the half-life of Pinterest pins as “4 months” and it includes a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  24. Metricool (2023, October 31). YouTube Marketing in 2023. Available at: https://metricool.com/youtube-marketing. [The article includes “According to Scott Graffius’s data ...” and a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  25. Midvalley Coach / Evercoach (2023, March 10). Proven Strategies To Enroll Coaching Clients [A Detailed Guide]. Available at: https://www.evercoach.com/coaching-guides/enroll-coaching-clients/. [Where the article addresses the life span of social media, “24 minutes (Twitter) to 24 hours (LinkedIn)” links to Graffius’ research.]
  26. Patel, Neil (2023, May 23). 18 Powerful Twitter Marketing Tips [That Actually Work]. Neil Patel. Available at: https://neilpatel.com/blog/twitter-marketing-tips. [In the article, “The average lifespan of one tweet” has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  27. Pitzalis, Josh (2022, November 21). Finding Social Media Calendar Ideas for Twitter. Chirr App. Available at: https://getchirrapp.com/how-to/find. [The article references the half-life of a tweet and has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  28. Pugalia, Akash, & Lalani, Farah (2023, September 29). Digital Safety: How a Multi-Faceted Approach Can Help Tackle Real-World Harm. World Economic Forum. Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/09/digital-safety-multi-faceted-approach-tackle-real-world-harm. [The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) included data by Graffius on the half-life of social media. The World Economic Forum covered that PNAS study in their article.]
  29. Rainey, Clint (2023, August 15). Social Media’s Toxic Impact Can Last Up to 8 Days. This Behavioral Scientist’s Solution Might Surprise You. Available at: https://www.fastcompany.com/90939081/social-media-toxic-impact-content-moderation-solution-behavior-science. [The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) included Graffius’ research data on the half-life of social media. Fast Company covered that PNAS publication — and summarized Graffius’ data from it — in their article.]
  30. Rynek Pro (2023, June 26). Dล‚ugoล›ฤ‡ ลปycia Postów (Half-Life) w Mediach Spoล‚ecznoล›ciowych w 2023 Roku. Available at: https://rynek.pro/half-life-dlugosc-zycia-postow/#pll_switcher. [Rynek Pro, a Poland-based advertising agency, featured Graffius’ research in their article. Here’s the title in English: Life Expectancy of Posts (Half-Life) in Social Media in 2023.]
  31. Sallaway Paul (2024, June 1). Using Social Media The Right Way! Available at: https://mivision.com.au/2024/06/using-social-media-the-right-way/.
  32. Schaffer, Neal (2024, September 17). Maximizing LinkedIn for Business Growth: A Practical Guide to Building Your Brand and Driving Results. Irvine, California. PDCA Social.
  33. Schneider, Philipp J., & Rizoiu, Marian-Andrei (2023, August 22). The Effectiveness of Moderating Harmful Online Content. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 120 (34): e2307360120. Available at: https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2307360120. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307360120. [The scientific paper references Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” research and uses his data.]
  34. Small Business Development Center (2024, September 30). 10 Marketing Strategies to Grow Your Small Business [Video]. YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WelVAmXuxPU&t=1181s.
  35. Social Selling CRM (2024). Demi-vie de Vos Publications: Stratégies d’Optimisation 2024.’ (In English: Half-life of Your Publications: 2024 Optimization Strategies). Available at: https://www.socialsellingcrm.com/demi-vie-de-vos-publications-strategies-doptimisation-2024/.
  36. Statler, Jacob (2024, September 12). How to Schedule Social Media Posts: Best Tools and Tips. Post Planner. Available at: https://www.postplanner.com/blog/how-to-schedule-social-media-posts/. ["The lifespan of a social media post" — in green text, located towards the end of the article — links to Graffius’ research.]
  37. Strozyk, Kaylee (2023, November 3). 11 Tips on How to Use Pinterest for Real Estate. Fit Small Business. Available at: https://fitsmallbusiness.com/how-to-use-pinterest-for-real-estate-agents. [The article references that the half-life of Pinterest pins is “about 3.75 months.” Selecting the respective hyperlink brings up Graffius’ research.]
  38. Thailand TV News (2022, August 16). Half-Life of Each Social Media Post. Available at: https://thailandtv.news/half-life-of-each-social-media-post-thumbsup. [The article incorporates data from Graffius’ work, and it has a hyperlink to his research.]
  39. The Tech Reps (2023, January 23). SEO or Social Media Marketing, Which is Better for Sales? [video]. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVmQdHDXCrw. [The Tech Reps used Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” visual as the background image in their video.]
  40. Two Rivers Marketing (2020, December 9). 8 Social Media Channels and Tactics to Consider Adding to Your Marketing Mix. Available at: https://www.tworiversmarketing.com/blog/8-social-media-channels-and-tactics-to-consider-adding-to-your-marketing-mix. [The article references the lifespan of posts and has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  41. Walters, Christy (2023, May 4). How To Curate Content for LinkedIn: Handpick Your Next Post. CopyPress. Available at: https://www.copypress.com/kb/social-media-promotion/curate-content-for-linkedin. [The article discusses the lifespan of a LinkedIn post and has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  42. What What SEO (2024, September 5). 5 bonnes raisons de créer un compte Pinterest si tu es entrepreneuse. (In English: 5 good reasons to create a Pinterest account if you are an entrepreneur.) Available at: https://whatwhatseo.fr/creer-compte-pinterest-entreprise-avantages/. [The article incorporates Graffius’ research; to see the details, select 'Sources' located towards the end of the article.]

And many more.

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References

  1. Graffius, Scott M. (2024, January 1). Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2024. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/social-24.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.21043.60965.
  2. Graffius, Scott M. (2024, September 30). Supplement to Graffius' 'Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts' Research: Typical Engagement Distribution Pattern for Social Media Posts. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/distribution-pattern-for-social-media-posts.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.15820.22402.
  3. Pinterest Inc. (2024, October 2). Unlock The Full Potential of Pinterest with Marketing Mix Modelling. The Pinterest Inc. Business Blog. Available at: https://business.pinterest.com/blog/unlock-potential-pinterest-marketing-mix-modelling/ and other locations. [Navigate to the Footnotes section at the end of the article, and then select the corresponding "+" symbol to see the footnotes which includes Graffius' work.]

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If there's an update after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

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About Scott M. Graffius


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Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

See his
bio to learn more.

IEEE Xplore Publication Featured Scott M Graffius Phases of Team Development Work - rev Sept 19 2024 - HiRes

Scott M. Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Featured by ATACC at TBS24 Conference - LwRes2

UC San Diego Features Scott M Graffius Intellectual Property on Teamwork - Geisel - Creative 24101007 - LwRes

Johns Hopkins University Features Work of Scott M Graffius - v24080107 - Tw - LwRes

Semiconductor manufacturing firm Lam Research features Scott M Graffiusโ€™ โ€˜Phases of Team Developmentโ€™ Intellectual Property - Tw Sz Format - LwRes

Bayer Licensed IP of Agile Expert Scott M Graffius - AgileScrumGuide_com - LwRes

Research by Scott M Graffius Used in Materials for CEWEP 10 Congress Berlin - LwRes G

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

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Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

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Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, October 10). Pinterest Inc. References Scott M. Graffius’ Research. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/pinterest_inc_business_blog_features_graffius.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.31296.55041.

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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

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scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_x---rev-24101207---content-acknowledgements---lwres

Content Acknowledgements

This article uses limited excerpts from Pinterest Inc., attributed to Pinterest and used under fair use for news reporting and analysis. Pinterest name, mark, and content are the property of Pinterest. Graffius’ ‘Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts’ is copyright © Scott M. Graffius.

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Copyright

Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.


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A PDF of this article is
here

The short link for this article is
https://bit.ly/pinterest_biz



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Bournemouth University Used Scott M. Graffius’ Intellectual Property

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com



Bournemouth University Used Scott M Graffiusโ€™ Intellectual Property - LwRes

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If there's an update after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

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Introduction

A whistleblower/tip informed Scott M. Graffius that Bournemouth University was using his copyrighted property without credit. After Graffius received the details including proof, he confirmed that the report was valid.

The unauthorized and unattributed use of Graffius' copyrighted property was not ‘fair use’ nor ‘fair dealing’ nor otherwise allowed.

Based on the indisputable facts, the bad acts involve the ethical issue of plagiarism and the legal issue of copyright infringement.

Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other intellectual property rights. This article serves as a clarion call for Bournemouth University to face the repercussions of, and take responsibility for, their blatant and damaging violation.

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Background

Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and Scott M. Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his ‘Phases of Team Development’ as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development — Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning — inclusive of a graph showing how performance varies by phase, as well as the characteristics and strategies for each phase.

Graffius' intellectual property (IP) is registered with the United States Copyright Office.

Graffius initially developed his ‘Phases of Team Development’ unique material in 2008, and he periodically refreshes it.

For reference, the visual from the edition applicable to this case (v2019) [Exhibit 1] is shown below. It is also available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/Using-Bruce- Tuckmans-Phases-of-Team-Development.html and other locations. The integrated text applies.

Graffius v Bournemouth University - Exhibit 1 - Graffius' Copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' - LwRes

As shown above, Graffius’ copyright ownership details are integrated into and appear on his copyrighted property. Specifically, it reads: "Copyright © 2008-2019 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com."

Organizations around the world engage Graffius to deliver compelling talks and workshops. To date, he's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries, including:

  • Armenia,
  • Australia,
  • Brazil,
  • Canada,
  • Czech Republic,
  • Finland,
  • France,
  • Germany,
  • Greece,
  • Hong Kong,
  • Hungary,
  • India,
  • Ireland,
  • Lithuania,
  • Luxembourg,
  • Nepal,
  • Netherlands,
  • New Zealand,
  • Norway,
  • Romania,
  • Sweden,
  • Switzerland,
  • United Arab Emirates,
  • United Kingdom,
  • and the United States.

scott-m-graffius-has-delivered-91-talks-and-workshops-across-25-countries---passport-style---lwres

Graffius ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is central and key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are at
https://scottgraffius.com/resources/Exceptional-PPM-and-PMO-Solutions-Rate-Card-for-2024-2025-v24071607.pdf and https://scottgraffius.com/publicspeaker.html, respectively.

With an authorization/license from Graffius, his ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is featured and used by businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities around the world. Examples include:

  • Adobe,
  • American Management Association,
  • Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
  • Bayer,
  • Boston University,
  • Broadcom,
  • Cisco,
  • Deimos Aerospace,
  • DevOps Institute,
  • Ford Motor Company,
  • Hasso Plattner Institute,
  • IEEE,
  • Johns Hopkins University,
  • LeadingEng,
  • London South Bank University,
  • Manufacturers Alliance,
  • Microsoft,
  • New Zealand Government,
  • Oracle,
  • TBS Switzerland,
  • Torrens University Australia,
  • U.S. National Park Service,
  • U.S. Tennis Association,
  • UC San Diego,
  • UK Sports Institute,
  • University of Galway Ireland,
  • Virginia Tech,
  • Warsaw University,
  • Yale University,
  • and many others.

Copyrights protect the intellectual property rights of creators, ensuring they receive recognition and compensation for their work, thus incentivizing creativity and innovation. Graffius is vigilant in upholding, protecting and enforcing his copyrights and other IP rights.

COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT - WHITE TEXT ON RED BACKGROUND - LwRes

Bournemouth University Used Scott M. Graffius’ Intellectual Property Without Authorization or Attribution

Indisputable proof follows.

Exhibit 2 is below. It provides views of Bournemouth University 'Key Programme Information.' Pages 1 of 2 from the programme are shown. A zoomed-in view of page 2—where 'Strategic Sport Management' is circled in red—is also shown.

Bournemouth University Used Scott M Graffiusโ€™ Intellectual Property - Exhibit 2 - Programme - LwRes

Exhibit 3 is below. It shows pages 1 and 7 of the infringing document.

Bournemouth University Used Scott M Graffiusโ€™ Intellectual Property - Exhibit - 3 - Infringing Material - LwRes

As shown above, the infringing document is marked with:
  • “Bournemouth University”
  • “MSc Sport Management”
  • “Strategic Sport Management 23&24”
  • “Theories of Leadership IV: Managing Conflicts”

Again, Graffius’ copyright ownership details and permission request information are integrated into and appear on his intellectual property.

Permission to use Graffius’ copyrighted property was not requested nor approved.

Nevertheless, Graffius’ copyrighted property was used in the infringing publication.

Comparing Graffius' copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' intellectual property with the infringing document is revealing.

The infringing publication used Graffius’ copyrighted property on the characteristics and strategies for the phases of team development word-for-word. Here are some examples:

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Forming: "Questioning"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Forming: "Questioning"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Forming: "Socializing"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Forming: "Socializing"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Forming: "Displaying eagerness"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Forming: "Displaying eagerness"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Storming: "Resistance"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Storming: "Resistance"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Storming: "Lack of participation"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Storming: "Lack of participation"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Storming: "Conflict"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Storming: "Conflict"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Storming: "Competition"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Storming: "Competition"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Storming: "High emotions"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Storming: "High emotions"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Norming: "Reconciliation"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Norming: "Reconciliation"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Norming: "Relief"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Norming: "Relief"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Adjourning: "Sadness"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Adjourning: "Sadness"

Additionally, the infringing publication used Graffius’ copyrighted property on the characteristics and strategies for the phases of team development with slight re-wording (which, in context, is still infringement). Here are some examples:

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Norming: "Members are engaged and supportive"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Norming: "Engaged" and "Supportive"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Performing: "Demonstrations of interdependence"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Performing: "Interdependence"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development property includes this for Adjourning: "Recognition of team and individual efforts"
๐Ÿ”ด The Bournemouth University infringing leadership publication includes this for Adjourning: "Recognition of individual and collective efforts"

The preceding examples are not an exhaustive list.

The comparison in Exhibit 4 (below) also shows the extensive infringement in the educational material from Bournemouth University.

Bournemouth University Used Scott M Graffiusโ€™ Intellectual Property - Exhibit-X - 4 - Side-by-Side - LwRes

Conclusion

Again, Graffius’ copyright ownership details and permission request information are integrated into and appear on his intellectual property.

Permission to use Graffius’ copyrighted property was not requested nor approved.

Nevertheless, the infringing publication used Graffius’ copyrighted property.

A significant volume of Graffius’ copyrighted property was used.

The infringing publication used Graffius' copyrighted property word-for-word and also with slight re-wording (which, in context, is still a violation).

The infringing publication did not attribute Graffius’ copyrighted property to Graffius. Regardless of intent, the infringement wrongly leads others to falsely believe that the author of the infringing publication is the author and owner of Graffius’ respective copyrighted property.

So long as the infringing publication exists anywhere, it continues to spread misinformation and violate Graffius’ intellectual property.

The infringement damaged the marketability and value of Graffius’ copyrighted property.

For the aforementioned reasons, the use of Graffius’ copyrighted property was not ‘fair use’ nor ‘fair dealing’ nor otherwise allowed.

Bournemouth University must immediately implement the following three (3) actions:

  1. Remove the Infringing Material. Electronic Versions: Immediately remove the infringing material from digital platforms where it is advertised, promoted, sold, or distributed; this includes removing or disabling any online access to it. Physical Copies: If physical copies of the material are in inventory or circulation, stop further distribution; recall any copies already distributed; destroy physical copies.
  2. Issue a Retraction. Publish a formal retraction notice acknowledging the infringement and the steps taken to rectify the situation. The notice will present the facts as they are—the notice will not "spin" or "downplay" the infringement.
  3. Notify Relevant Parties. Recipients: Inform the respective subscribers, purchasers, or recipients of the material about the retraction, ensuring transparency about the issue; again, the notice will present the facts as they are—the notice will not "spin" or "downplay" the infringement. Indexes and Databases: Notify any databases or indexing services that list the material so they can update their records accordingly.

Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other intellectual property rights.

He reserves his rights in this disturbing and consequential matter.

This case remains open.

If there's an update after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

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About Bournemouth University

Founded in 1992, Bournemouth University is a public university in Bournemouth, England. Its main campus is in neighboring Poole. The university has over 16,000 students.

In 2023, Bournemouth University received a silver rating in the Teaching Excellence Framework, a government assessment of the quality of undergraduate teaching in universities and other higher education providers in England.

In 2024, it was proven that Bournemouth University educational materials infringed on the copyright of Scott M. Graffius.

To learn more about the university, visit
https://www.bournemouth.ac.uk.

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About Scott M. Graffius


Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

See his
bio to learn more.

IEEE Xplore Publication Featured Scott M Graffius Phases of Team Development Work - rev Sept 19 2024 - HiRes

Scott M. Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Featured by ATACC at TBS24 Conference - LwRes2

UC San Diego Features Scott M Graffius Intellectual Property on Teamwork - Geisel - Creative 24101007 - LwRes

Johns Hopkins University Features Work of Scott M Graffius - v24080107 - Tw - LwRes

Semiconductor manufacturing firm Lam Research features Scott M Graffiusโ€™ โ€˜Phases of Team Developmentโ€™ Intellectual Property - Tw Sz Format - LwRes

Bayer Licensed IP of Agile Expert Scott M Graffius - AgileScrumGuide_com - LwRes

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

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scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_cite

How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, October 9). Bournemouth University Used Scott M. Graffius’ Intellectual Property. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/bournemouth-university-2024.html.

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Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blog_Spacer_-_v23111107_-_X - rev 24101207 - Content Acknowledgements - LwRes

Content Acknowledgements

This article uses limited excerpts from Bournemouth University content, attributed to Bournemouth University and used under fair use for news reporting and analysis.

Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ is copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Bournemouth University name, mark, and content (except for what was stolen from others) are the property of Bournemouth University.

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Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blog_Spacer_-_v23111107_-_X - rev 24101207 - Copyright - LwRes

Copyright

Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.




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‘Comparative Methodological Guidelines: Handbook for Educators’ Violates Scott M. Graffius’ Copyright

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

EU EC Publication โ€˜Comparative Methodological Guidelinesโ€™ Violates Scott M Graffiusโ€™ Copyright - v8G-AlienW2 - LwRes



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If there's an update after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

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Scott M. Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Copyrighted Property

Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and Scott M. Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his ‘Phases of Team Development’ as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development — Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning — inclusive of a graph showing how performance varies by phase, as well as the characteristics and strategies for each phase.

Graffius' intellectual property (IP) is registered with the United States Copyright Office.

Graffius initially developed his ‘Phases of Team Development’ unique material in 2008, and he periodically refreshes it.

For reference, the visual from the edition applicable to this case (4 January 2021 edition) is shown below [Exhibit 1] and is available at:
https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22040.42246. The integrated text applies.

scott-m-graffius---phases-of-team-development-2021-update---lr-for-blog-squashed-2

As shown above, Graffius’ copyright ownership details are integrated into and appear on his copyrighted property. Specifically, it reads: “Copyright © 2008-2021 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com.”

Organizations around the world engage Graffius to deliver compelling talks and workshops. To date, he's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries, including:

  • Armenia,
  • Australia,
  • Brazil,
  • Canada,
  • Czech Republic,
  • Finland,
  • France,
  • Germany,
  • Greece,
  • Hong Kong,
  • Hungary,
  • India,
  • Ireland,
  • Lithuania,
  • Luxembourg,
  • Nepal,
  • Netherlands,
  • New Zealand,
  • Norway,
  • Romania,
  • Sweden,
  • Switzerland,
  • United Arab Emirates,
  • United Kingdom,
  • and the United States.

scott-m-graffius-has-delivered-91-talks-and-workshops-across-25-countries---passport-style---lwres

Graffius ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is central and key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are at
https://scottgraffius.com/resources/Exceptional-PPM-and-PMO-Solutions-Rate-Card-for-2024-2025-v24071607.pdf and https://scottgraffius.com/publicspeaker.html, respectively.

With an authorization/license from Graffius, his ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is featured and used by businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities around the world. Examples include:

  • Adobe,
  • American Management Association,
  • Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
  • Bayer,
  • Boston University,
  • Broadcom,
  • Cisco,
  • Deimos Aerospace,
  • DevOps Institute,
  • Ford Motor Company,
  • Hasso Plattner Institute,
  • IEEE,
  • Johns Hopkins University,
  • LeadingEng,
  • London South Bank University,
  • Manufacturers Alliance,
  • Microsoft,
  • New Zealand Government,
  • Oracle,
  • TBS Switzerland,
  • Torrens University Australia,
  • U.S. National Park Service,
  • U.S. Tennis Association,
  • UC San Diego,
  • UK Sports Institute,
  • University of Galway Ireland,
  • Virginia Tech,
  • Warsaw University,
  • Yale University,
  • and many others.

Copyrights protect the intellectual property rights of creators, ensuring they receive recognition and compensation for their work, thus incentivizing creativity and innovation. Graffius is vigilant in upholding, protecting and enforcing his copyrights and other IP rights.

COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT - WHITE TEXT ON RED BACKGROUND - LwRes

Comparative Methodological Guidelines: Handbook for Educators Violates Scott M. Graffius’ Copyright

Here's information on the infringing publication:


Details, including indisputable proof of the violation, are reported next.

Again, Graffius’ copyright ownership details and permission request information are integrated into and appear on his intellectual property.

The authors (Maša Cek, Kety Zhvania-Tyson, Ema ลฝufiฤ‡, Diana Maminaishvili, Sara Sušanj, and Tatia Gogishvili) of
Comparative Methodological Guidelines: Handbook for Educators did not request nor receive permission to use Graffius’ copyrighted property.

Nevertheless, the authors used Graffius’ 4 January 2021 copyrighted property in their publication.

Exhibit 2 is below. It shows thumbnail images of pages 1, 2, 73, 75, 77, 78, 80, and 89 from the infringing publication.

Graffius v Cek KZhvania-Tyson ZฬŒuficฬ Maminaishvili SusฬŒanj Gogishvili TRENDSS Erasmus+ EU - Exhibits X - LwRes

Comparing Graffius' copyrighted 4 January 2021 'Phases of Team Development' intellectual property with
Comparative Methodological Guidelines reveals that Comparative Methodological Guidelines violated Graffius' copyright. There are too many examples to list, but some follow.

The infringing publication used Graffius’ copyrighted property on the characteristics and strategies for the phases of team development
word-for-word. Here are some examples:

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development has this content: "Some resistance"
๐Ÿ”ด Infringing Comparative Methodological Guidelines has this material: "Some resistance"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development has this content: "Lack of participation"
๐Ÿ”ด Infringing Comparative Methodological Guidelines has this material: "Lack of participation"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development has this content: "Requesting & encouraging feedback"
๐Ÿ”ด Infringing Comparative Methodological Guidelines has this material: "Requesting and encouraging feedback"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development has this content: "Identifying issues & facilitating their resolution"
๐Ÿ”ด Infringing Comparative Methodological Guidelines has this material: "Identifying issues and facilitating their resolutions"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development has this content: "Building trust by honoring commitments"
๐Ÿ”ด Infringing Comparative Methodological Guidelines has this material: "Building trust by honouring commitments"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development has this content: "Sadness"
๐Ÿ”ด Infringing Comparative Methodological Guidelines has this material: "Sadness"

Additionally the infringing publication used Graffius’ copyrighted property on the characteristics and strategies for the phases of team development with
slight re-wording (which, in context, is still infringement). Here are some examples:

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development has this content: "More confident"
๐Ÿ”ด Infringing Comparative Methodological Guidelines has this material: "Confidence is high"

๐ŸŸข Graffius’ copyrighted Phases of Team Development has this content: "Improved commitment"
๐Ÿ”ด Infringing Comparative Methodological Guidelines has this material: "High commitment"

The indisputable proof shows that the infringing publication used Graffius' copyrighted property.

The authors used Graffius' material but did not attribute the material to him through citation in-line (in pages 73, 75, 77, 78, 80, and 89 of the infringing publication), or in the references and resources section (page 89 of the infringing publication) or otherwise. Through their actions or failure to act, the authors are wrongly leading others to falsely believe that they (or others) are the author and owner of Graffius’ respective copyrighted content.

Additionally, the authors made their violation of Graffius’ intellectual property even worse by marking page 2 of their infringing publication with the following (with hyperlink): "Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)" — where the link is
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. At the preceding link, Creative Commons specifies that CC BY 4.0 means that: "You are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially." Again, the authors do not have any rights to Graffius' intellectual property. By the marking the infringing document with "Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)," the authors are falsely informing and instructing readers that anyone can freely copy and redistribute or adapt Graffius' copyrighted property in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially. That's egregious, appalling, and destructive.

So long as the infringing publication exists in any language or form, it continues to spread misinformation and violate Graffius’ intellectual property.

Conclusion

Again, Graffius’ copyright ownership details and permission request information are integrated into and appear on his intellectual property.

Authors (Maša Cek, Kety Zhvania-Tyson, Ema ลฝufiฤ‡, Diana Maminaishvili, Sara Sušanj, and Tatia Gogishvili) of
Comparative Methodological Guidelines: Handbook for Educators did not request nor receive permission to use Graffius’ copyrighted property.

Nevertheless, the authors used Graffius’ 4 January 2021 copyrighted property in their publication.

The authors used a material volume of Graffius’ copyrighted property.

The authors used Graffius' copyrighted property word-for-word and also with slight re-wording (which is still a violation).

The authors did not attribute their use of Graffius' copyrighted property to Graffius through citation or otherwise. Through their actions or failure to act, the authors are wrongly leading others to falsely believe that they (or others) are the author and owner of Graffius’ respective copyrighted content.

Could it possibly get worse? Unfortunately, yes. The authors marked page 2 of their infringing publication with the following (with hyperlink): "Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)" — where the link is https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. At the preceding link, Creative Commons specifies that CC BY 4.0 means that: "You are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially." Again, the authors do not have any rights to Graffius' intellectual property. By the marking the infringing document with "Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)," the authors are falsely informing and instructing readers that anyone can freely copy and redistribute or adapt Graffius' copyrighted property in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially. That's egregious, appalling, and destructive.

So long as the infringing publication exists in any language or form, it continues to spread misinformation and violate Graffius’ intellectual property.

The authors damaged the marketability and value of Graffius’ copyrighted property.

For the aforementioned reasons, the authors’ use of Graffius’ copyrighted property was not ‘fair use’ nor ‘fair dealing’ nor otherwise allowed.

The actions of the authors are a disgraceful breach of professional ethics, moral standards, and Graffius’ intellectual property rights.

The publisher must immediately implement the following three (3) actions:

  1. Remove the Infringing Material. Electronic Versions: Immediately remove the infringing material from digital platforms where it is advertised, promoted, sold, or distributed; this includes removing or disabling any online access to it. Physical Copies: If physical copies of the material are in inventory or circulation, stop further distribution; recall any copies already distributed.
  2. Issue a Retraction. Publish a formal retraction notice acknowledging the infringement and the steps taken to rectify the situation. The notice will present the facts as they are—the notice will not "spin" or "downplay" the infringement. The notice is to be clearly visible and accessible.
  3. Notify Relevant Parties. Subscribers and Purchasers and other Recipients: Inform the respective subscribers, purchasers, or recipients of the material about the retraction, ensuring transparency about the issue; again, the notice will present the facts as they are—the notice will not "spin" or "downplay" the infringement. Indexes and Databases: Notify any databases or indexing services that list the material so they can update their records accordingly.

Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other intellectual property rights. He reserves his rights in this disturbing and consequential matter.

If there's an update after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

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About the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union

The Erasmus+ Programme, funded by the European Union, is a flagship initiative designed to enhance education, training, youth, and sports across Europe and beyond. Established as a successor to various EU programs, it aims to promote mobility, cooperation, and skills development among individuals and institutions. Erasmus+ supports a wide array of activities including student and staff exchanges, traineeships, and various collaborative projects. Since its inception, it has impacted millions of participants, contributing significantly to cultural exchange and lifelong learning across different sectors of society.

To learn more about the Erasmus+ Programme, visit its
website.

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About Scott M. Graffius


Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

See his
bio to learn more.

IEEE Xplore Publication Featured Scott M Graffius Phases of Team Development Work - rev Sept 19 2024 - HiRes

Scott M. Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Featured by ATACC at TBS24 Conference - LwRes2

UC San Diego Features Scott M Graffius Intellectual Property on Teamwork - Geisel - Creative 24101007 - LwRes

Johns Hopkins University Features Work of Scott M Graffius - v24080107 - Tw - LwRes

Semiconductor manufacturing firm Lam Research features Scott M Graffiusโ€™ โ€˜Phases of Team Developmentโ€™ Intellectual Property - Tw Sz Format - LwRes

Bayer Licensed IP of Agile Expert Scott M Graffius - AgileScrumGuide_com - LwRes

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

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scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_cite

How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, October 8). ‘Comparative Methodological Guidelines: Handbook for Educators’ Violates Scott M. Graffius’ Copyright. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/cmg-eu-ec-publication-infringes-on-copyright-of-scott-m-graffius.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29872.78085.

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Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blog_Spacer_-_v23111107_-_X - rev 24101207 - Content Acknowledgements - LwRes

Content Acknowledgements

This article uses limited excerpts from Comparative Methodological Guidelines: Handbook for Educators, attributed to Comparative Methodological Guidelines: Handbook for Educators and used under fair use for news reporting and analysis. Names, marks, and content are the property of their respective owners.

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Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blog_Spacer_-_v23111107_-_X - rev 24101207 - Copyright - LwRes

Copyright

Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.




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Japan Backlog User Group Event Featured Scott M. Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Japan Backlog Users Group (JBUG) Featured Intellectual Property of Scott M Graffius - Blg Hdr - LwRes



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Scott M. Graffius' Intellectual Property on Team Development

Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and Scott M. Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his ‘Phases of Team Development’ as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development — Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning — inclusive of a graph showing how performance varies by phase, as well as the characteristics and strategies for each phase.

Graffius' intellectual property (IP) is registered with the United States Copyright Office.

Graffius initially developed his ‘Phases of Team Development’ unique material in 2008, and he periodically refreshes it.

For reference, the visual for the current (2024) edition is below and the details are
here.

scott-m-graffius---phases-of-team-development---2024-update---v24010507---jpg-lwres

Organizations around the world engage Graffius to deliver compelling talks and workshops. To date, he's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries: Armenia, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Ireland, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, and the United States.

Scott M Graffius has delivered 91 talks and workshops across 25 countries - passport style - LwRes

Graffius ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is central and key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are at
https://scottgraffius.com/resources/Exceptional-PPM-and-PMO-Solutions-Rate-Card-for-2024-2025-v24071607.pdf and https://scottgraffius.com/publicspeaker.html, respectively.

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Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property Is Used By Organizations Around The World

With an authorization/license from Graffius, his ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property is featured and used by businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities around the globe. Examples include:

  • Adobe,
  • American Management Association,
  • Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
  • Bayer
  • Boston University,
  • Broadcom,
  • Cisco,
  • Deimos Aerospace,
  • DevOps Institute,
  • Erste Group Bank AG (Austria),
  • FINAT,
  • Ford Motor Company,
  • FSU College of Medicine,
  • Hasso Plattner Institute,
  • IEEE,
  • James Madison University,
  • Johns Hopkins University,
  • LeadingEng,
  • London South Bank University,
  • Manufacturers Alliance,
  • Microsoft,
  • New Zealand Government,
  • Oracle,
  • Royal Australasian College of Physicians,
  • TBS Switzerland,
  • Torrens University Australia,
  • Tufts University,
  • U.S. National Park Service,
  • U.S. Tennis Association,
  • UC San Diego,
  • UK Sports Institute,
  • University of Galway Ireland,
  • Victorian Institute of Technology (Australia),
  • Virginia Tech,
  • Warsaw University,
  • Western Sydney University,
  • World Resources Institute,
  • Yale University,
  • ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences,
  • and many others.

The Japan Backlog User Group (JBUG) was added to the list!

Technology engineer Makky Tyuyan featured Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ material in his
talk at a Japan Backlog User Group event on March 26, 2024. Excerpts with visuals follow.

Excerpt 1, showing the cover slide, is below.

Japan Backlog User Group Featured Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property on Collaboration - Excerpt 1 - LwRes

Excerpt 2 is next. It shows slide 23, featuring Graffius' work.

Japan Backlog User Group Featured Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property on Collaboration - Excerpt 2 - LwRes

And here's excerpt 3. It's slide 26, with another display of Graffius' work.

Japan Backlog User Group Featured Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Intellectual Property on Collaboration - Excerpt 3 - LwRes

To learn more about Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' intellectual property, visit
here.

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About the Japan Backlog User Group

The Japan Backlog User Group (JBUG) (
ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚คใƒใ‚ฐ ) is a community for users of Backlog, a project and task management tool, where members gather to share knowledge, discuss best practices, and enhance their hard (technical) and soft (interpersonal) skills. JBUG organizing events across Japan that feature talks, workshops, networking opportunities, and more. To learn more about JBUG, visit their website at https://jbuginfo.backlog.com.

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About Scott M. Graffius


Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

He's generated over $1.9 billion of business value in aggregate for Global Fortune 500 businesses and other organizations he's served. Businesses and industries range from consumer products to advanced technology (including AI, R&D), e-commerce, music, streaming/OTT video, television, film, video games, financial services, government, and more.

Graffius and content from his books (
Agile Scrum and Agile Transformation), talks, workshops, and more have been featured and used by businesses, professional associations, governments, and universities around the world. Examples include Adobe, American Management Association, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Bayer, Boston University, Broadcom, Cisco, Deimos Aerospace, DevOps Institute, EU's European Commission, Ford Motor Company, Hasso Plattner Institute Germany, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, London South Bank University, Microsoft, National Academy of Sciences, New Zealand Government, Oracle, Project Management Institute, Torrens University Australia, UC San Diego, TBS Switzerland, UK Sports Institute, University of Galway Ireland, U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Tennis Association, Virginia Tech, Warsaw University of Technology, Yale University, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, and many others.

He delights audiences around the world with dynamic and engaging talks and workshops. He's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries. Visit
here to learn more and here to ask Scott to speak at your event.

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes


ScottGraffius_Com - TurningWest Plagiarism - Lady Justice - iPhone - LwRes


Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Scrum_v22123007_LR_1000x1000_sq

Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Transformation_LR_1000x505

Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_cite

How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, October 8). Japan Backlog User Group Event Featured Scott M. Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development.’ Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/japan-backlog-user-group.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.24605.32482.
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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

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Content Acknowledgements

This article (including integrated visuals) provides brief excerpts from the respective JBUG event, attributed and used under fair use for news reporting and analysis. Japan Backlog User Group (JBUG) (ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚คใƒใ‚ฐ) name and mark are the property of the Japan Backlog User Group. Content of Makky Tyuyan is the property of Makky Tyuyan. Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ is copyright © Scott M. Graffius.

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scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_x---rev-24101207---copyright---lwres

Copyright

Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.


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A PDF of this article is
here

The short link for this article is
https://bit.ly/jbug



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TurningWest's 'Trial'

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

ScottGraffius_Com - TurningWests Trial - Lady Justice - LwRes



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Introduction

Plagiarism—defined as ‘to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one’s own: use (another's production) without crediting the source’ (source:
Merriam-Webster)—infringes on the intellectual property rights of others, results in misinformation, and often violates copyright.

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Background

Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and Scott M. Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his ‘Phases of Team Development’ as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development—Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning—inclusive of a graph showing how performance varies by phase, as well as the characteristics and strategies for each phase.

Graffius' intellectual property (IP) is registered with the United States Copyright Office.

Graffius initially developed his ‘Phases of Team Development’ unique material in 2008, and he periodically refreshes it.

For reference, the visual applicable to this case (2021 edition) is shown below [Exhibit 1] and is available at:
https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22040.42246.

Scott M Graffiius - Phases of Team Development - 2021 Edition - Copyright Scott M Graffius - All Rights Reserved - blg LwRes

As shown above, Graffius’ copyright ownership details are integrated into and appear on his copyrighted property. Specifically, it reads: “Copyright © 2008-2021 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com.”

Again, this 2021 edition is referenced because it is the one applicable to this case.

Organizations around the world engage Graffius to deliver compelling talks and workshops. To date, he's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries:

  • Armenia,
  • Australia,
  • Brazil,
  • Canada,
  • Czech Republic,
  • Finland,
  • France,
  • Germany,
  • Greece,
  • Hong Kong,
  • Hungary,
  • India,
  • Ireland,
  • Lithuania,
  • Luxembourg,
  • Nepal,
  • Netherlands,
  • New Zealand,
  • Norway,
  • Romania,
  • Sweden,
  • Switzerland,
  • United Arab Emirates,
  • United Kingdom,
  • and the United States.

Scott M Graffius has delivered 91 talks and workshops across 25 countries - passport style - LwRes

Graffius ‘Phases of Team Development’ IP is central and key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are at
https://scottgraffius.com/resources/Exceptional-PPM-and-PMO-Solutions-Rate-Card-for-2024-2025-v24071607.pdf and https://scottgraffius.com/publicspeaker.html, respectively.

With an authorization/license from Graffius, his copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property is featured and used by businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities around the globe. Examples include:

  • Adobe,
  • American Management Association,
  • Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
  • Boston University,
  • Broadcom,
  • Cisco,
  • Deimos Aerospace,
  • DevOps Institute,
  • Erste Group Bank AG (Austria),
  • FINAT,
  • Ford Motor Company,
  • FSU College of Medicine,
  • Hasso Plattner Institute,
  • IEEE,
  • James Madison University,
  • Johns Hopkins University,
  • LeadingEng,
  • London South Bank University,
  • Manufacturers Alliance,
  • Microsoft,
  • New Zealand Government,
  • Oracle,
  • Royal Australasian College of Physicians,
  • TBS Switzerland,
  • Torrens University Australia,
  • Tufts University,
  • U.S. National Park Service,
  • U.S. Tennis Association,
  • UC San Diego,
  • UK Sports Institute,
  • University of Galway Ireland,
  • Victorian Institute of Technology (Australia),
  • Virginia Tech,
  • Warsaw University,
  • Western Sydney University,
  • World Resources Institute,
  • Yale University,
  • and many others.

TurningWest Scandal - Blg Hdr - SQ2 - LwRes

Details on the Plagiarism


Note: All evidence has been preserved.

A whistleblower tip informed Scott M. Graffius that a video is using Graffius’ intellectual property. The video was identified as:

  • Publisher of video: TurningWest
  • Date of publication: 16 September 2024
  • Title of video: ‘9 13 24 Mastering Team Dev webinar’ (note: the preceding is what is listed on YouTube as the title; however, for reference, the video itself notes that the title is: 'Mastering Team Development: Key Modules and Performance Examples')
  • Link to video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n7qldELhp7s

Exhibit 2 is shown below. It provides an overview, including thumbnail images from the the video.

Graffius v TurningWest Goodwin - Exhibit 2 - LwRes

Graffius reviewed TurningWest’s 2024 video and saw numerous examples of material—content on the characteristics and strategies for the phases of team development—plagiarized from Graffius’ 2021 copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ property.

TurningWest did not request nor receive permission to use Graffius’ 2021 copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ property. Yet, TurningWest used it (some with slight rewording such as changing "recognizing" to "recognize" and similar, which remains plagiarism) commercially and without attribution.

Again, plagiarism is defined as ‘to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one’s own: use (another's production) without crediting the source’ (source:
Merriam-Webster). TurningWest’s presentation plagiarized Graffius’ copyrighted ’Phases of Team Development,’ violating his intellectual property.

Instances of TurningWest changing a word from a section from Graffius’ copyrighted property that’s in the present participle form (such as "recognizing") to the present simple form (such as "recognize") or otherwise similar slight rewording is still stealing Graffius' words and ideas; it is still plagiarism. The combination of such rewording and lack of attribution may be seen as a signal of intent to deceive. Regardless of whether the infringement was intentional or "inadvertent," the actions misrepresent the originator of the words and ideas, which is at the heart of plagiarism.

Plagiarism is a profound and disgraceful breach of professional ethics, moral standards, and Graffius’ intellectual property rights.

Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other intellectual property rights.

Graffius informed TurningWest and TurningWest’s Steve Goodwin about the infringement. An excerpt: "An authorized example of my copyrighted property is at https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22040.42246 and other locations. Steven Goodwin and Megan Sands of TurningWest's presentation used some of my intellectual property ... with no attribution to me whatsoever. By doing so, they are falsely leading others to wrongly believe that they are the authors and owners of my intellectual property. Uncool."

Here’s
a reaction from TurningWest's Goodwin: "I have never heard of you before and have never seen any of your materials. This is very basic information and foundational to all team formation efforts." As shown by the indisputable proof to come, Goodwin's reaction is problematic for him. TurningWest plagiarized Graffius' work.

Here’s
another reaction from TurningWest's Goodwin: "Who are you and what kind of scam are you trying to pull? I have NEVER heard your name before nor have I EVER seen one word of your materials." Again, as shown by the indisputable proof to come, Goodwin's reaction is problematic for him. TurningWest plagiarized Graffius' work.

Additionally, by TurningWest not taking responsibility for and addressing their damaging plagiarism, TurningWest continues to spread misinformation and is directly responsible for their ongoing violation of Graffius' intellectual property.

When Graffius reviewed the TurningWest's infringing 2024 video, he saw that content on the characteristics and strategies for the phases of team development was teeming with plagiarized material from Graffius’ 2021 copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ property. The indisputable proof follows.

Here's Exhibit 3. It's a delineated, side-by-side comparison of content on the characteristics and strategies for the Forming phase of team development. Respective content from Graffius' 2021 copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' appears with a green background. Material from TurningWest's infringing 2024 video is exposed with a red background.
It shows examples of TurningWest's plagiarism—TurningWest stealing and passing off Graffius' words or ideas as their own.

Graffius v TurningWest Goodwin - Exhibit X - 3 - LwRes

Exhibit 4 is below. It provides diligent, side-by-side comparison of content on the characteristics and strategies for the Storming phase of team development. Respective content from Graffius' 2021 copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' appears with a green background. Material from TurningWest's infringing 2024 video is exposed with a red background.
It shows more examples of TurningWest's plagiarism—TurningWest stealing and passing off Graffius' words or ideas as their own.

Graffius v TurningWest Goodwin - Exhibit X - 4 - LwRes

Here's Exhibit 5. It's a delineated, side-by-side comparison of content on the characteristics and strategies for the Norming phase of team development. Respective content from Graffius' 2021 copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' appears with a green background. Material from TurningWest's infringing 2024 video is exposed with a red background.
It shows additional examples of TurningWest's plagiarism—TurningWest stealing and passing off Graffius' words or ideas as their own.

Graffius v TurningWest Goodwin - Exhibit X - 5 - LwRes

Here's Exhibit 6. It's a delineated, side-by-side comparison of content on the characteristics and strategies for the Performing phase of team development. Respective content from Graffius' 2021 copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' appears with a green background. Material from TurningWest's infringing 2024 video is exposed with a red background.
It shows examples of TurningWest's plagiarism—TurningWest stealing and passing off Graffius' words or ideas as their own.

Graffius v TurningWest Goodwin - Exhibit X - 6 - LwRes

Here's Exhibit 7. It's a delineated, side-by-side comparison of content on the characteristics and strategies for the Adjourning phase of team development. Respective content from Graffius' 2021 copyrighted 'Phases of Team Development' appears with a green background. Material from TurningWest's infringing 2024 video is exposed with a red background.
It shows additional examples of TurningWest's plagiarism—TurningWest stealing and passing off Graffius' words or ideas as their own.

Graffius v TurningWest Goodwin - Exhibit X - 7 - LwRes

Each of the five immediately preceding exhibits (Exhibit 3, Exhibit 4, Exhibit 5, Exhibit 6, and Exhibit 7) showed examples of TurningWest's plagiarism—TurningWest stealing and passing off Graffius' words and ideas as their own. Individually, the exhibits are compelling.
Collectively, they form an irrefutable, damning picture of TurningWest's plagiarism.

Given the indisputable facts, TurningWest’s Goodwin must now reflect on his earlier reactions with regret, as they have cast him in an entirely unfavorable light.

Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' is registered with the US Copyright Office. TurningWest did not request nor receive permission to use Graffius' property. Yet, TurningWest used Graffius' property commercially and without attribution. TurningWest's actions are a disgraceful breach of professional ethics, moral standards, and Graffius’ intellectual property rights.

TurningWest's plagiarism damaged the marketability and value of Graffius' copyrighted property. Further, by not taking responsibility for and addressing their damaging plagiarism, TurningWest continues to spread misinformation and is directly responsible for their ongoing violation of Graffius' intellectual property.

Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other intellectual property rights. Plagiarism often involves the violation of copyright, and copyright infringement is so serious that it is a Federal crime. For many reasons including facts covered in this article, if Graffius opts to take legal action against TurningWest for their violation of his copyright, the Federal case will include the greater of statutory damages or actual damages, special charges for willful infringement (which has been clarified by the courts to be either "intentional behavior" or merely "reckless behavior"), and additional costs.

TurningWest Infringement - Creative - Lady Justice - Holding iPhone - LwRes

If there's an update after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

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About Scott M. Graffius


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Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

See his
bio to learn more.

IEEE Xplore Publication Featured Scott M Graffius Phases of Team Development Work - rev Sept 19 2024 - HiRes

Scott M. Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Featured by ATACC at TBS24 Conference - LwRes2

UC San Diego Features Scott M Graffius Intellectual Property on Teamwork - Geisel - Creative 24101007 - LwRes

Johns Hopkins University Features Work of Scott M Graffius - v24080107 - Tw - LwRes

Semiconductor manufacturing firm Lam Research features Scott M Graffiusโ€™ โ€˜Phases of Team Developmentโ€™ Intellectual Property - Tw Sz Format - LwRes

Bayer Licensed IP of Agile Expert Scott M Graffius - AgileScrumGuide_com - LwRes

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Scrum_v22123007_LR_1000x1000_sq

Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Transformation_LR_1000x505

Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_cite

How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, October 8). TurningWest's Trial. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/turningwest.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.19899.84008.

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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

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Content Acknowledgements

This article uses limited excerpts from TurningWest, attributed to TurningWest and used under fair use for news reporting and analysis. TurningWest name, mark, and content (except for what was plagiarized) are the property of TurningWest.

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scott_m_graffius_-_blog_spacer_-_v23111107_-_x---rev-24101207---copyright---lwres

Copyright

Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.


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A PDF of this article is
here

The short link for this article is
https://bit.ly/turningwest



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Radio Silence from the American Association of Neurological Surgeons on Report of Blatant Plagiarism in Their ‘Journal of Neurosurgery’ Publication

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Plagiarism in a AANS JNS Publication - Radio Silence - Creative - LwRes



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If there's an update after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

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Introduction

Plagiarism, defined as ‘to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one’s own: use (another's production) without crediting the source’ (source:
Merriam-Webster), damages trust, credibility, and the value of original content. The theft of intellectual property distorts the scholarly record and results in misinformation. It often violates copyright as well.

Publications must respond decisively to plagiarism reports by swiftly acknowledging complaints, conducting thorough investigations, and taking appropriate actions such as retractions.

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Quiz Question

The visual at the top of this article depicts a quiz related to a real situation. Here's the question:

You discovered blatant plagiarism in a Journal of Neurosurgery publication of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. You reported it—with detailed specifics and indisputable evidence—to the authors, the editors, and the publisher. What should happen next (within five business days)?

๐Ÿ”˜ A. The publisher or one or more of the authors or editors replies with, “Thank you for alerting us about the violation; we’re looking into it.”

๐Ÿ”˜ B. The publisher or one or more of the authors or editors challenges you to a duel to defend their honor.

๐Ÿ”˜ C. Neither the publisher nor any of the authors or editors responds. Radio silence.

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Quiz Answer

The question is about what should happen. For that reason, the correct answer about what should happen is: 'A. The publisher or one or more of the authors or editors replies with, "Thank you for alerting us about the violation; we're looking into it."

When publications receive a report of plagiarism, they should promptly acknowledge receipt of the report by responding within no longer than five business days. This action demonstrates transparency, professionalism, and a commitment to maintaining the integrity of the academic record. Conversely, not expeditiously acknowledging receipt of the report conveys a lack of transparency, a lack of professionalism, and a lack of commitment to integrity.

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Radio Silence by the Publisher, the Editors, and the Authors

It would be nice if the quiz above was just a hypothetical/thought experiment. Unfortunately, it's related to the real situation where Scott M. Graffius discovered blatant plagiarism in a Journal of Neurosurgery publication of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons and notified the authors, the editors, and the publisher of the violation on 24 September 2024.

As mentioned earlier, publishers should promptly acknowledge receipt of plagiarism reports by responding within no longer than five business days. As of the date of this article (8 October 2024), 10 business days (14 calendar days) have elapsed since the violation was reported. And the publisher, the editors, and the authors maintain radio silence.

Plagiarism is bad. By not acknowledging receipt of the report, the publisher, the editors, and the authors made the bad situation worst. And the publisher (JNS Publishing Group / American Association of Neurological Surgeons) has not yet taken action such as retraction or removal of the infringing material.

Radio Silence from the American Association of Neurological Surgeons on Report of Blatant Plagiarism in Their Journal of Neurosurgery - Excerpt - LwRes

It is imperative that the publisher demonstrate—through their actions—a commitment to upholding the highest standards of ethics and intellectual property rights. The publisher must take immediate and decisive action such as retracting or removing the infringing content. Otherwise, the publisher is knowingly endorsing, permitting or otherwise allowing ongoing misinformation and the perpetual violation of Graffius' intellectual property.

Details follow. If there's an update on this consequential matter after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

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Plagiarism in a AANS JNS Publication - Fingers Grab Grabbing Stealing IP Intellectual Property - LwRes

Details on the Plagiarism

On 24 September 2024, Scott M. Graffius observed plagiarism in a
Journal of Neurosurgery (JNS) publication of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. That same day, Graffius wrote to the publisher, the editors, and the authors of the violating material. His email was titled, 'JNS paper plagiarized and damaged the marketability and value of Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted property.' It contained detailed specifics and indisputable evidence. Saved as a PDF, Graffius' email is 19 pages.

As a high-level overview, thumbnails of the 19-page email are shown below. Then, select 'readable' excerpts are provided.

Graffius v JNSPG AANS UM JNS Muhlestein Chang Justice Johnson Brown Popadich - Blg Exhibit - Big Thumbnail

Excerpts from Graffius' 19-page email follow. They're shown in italic font.

Here's an excerpt from the introduction section of Graffius' email.

Authors of a Journal of Neurosurgery (JNS) paper plagiarized Graffius’ copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ property, constituting a profound and disgraceful breach of professional ethics, moral standards, and Graffius’ intellectual property rights. Here are the specifics on the publication.

  • Publication: Journal of Neurosurgery
  • Publisher: JNS Publishing Group, American Association of Neurological Surgeons
  • Paper: Developing interdisciplinary research teams in neurosurgery: key elements to success in brachial plexus and peripheral nerve surgery
  • Authors: Whitney E. Muhlestein, MD; Kate W. C. Chang, MA, MS; Denise Justice, OTRL, Sarah Johnson, MS, OTRL; Shawn Brown; and Miriana Popadich, MSN, NP-C
  • Publication Date: 12 May 2023
  • Volume/Issue: Volume 139: Issue 6
  • Page Range: 1552-1559
  • DOI link: https://doi.org/10.3171/2023.4.JNS222254

Here's an excerpt from the section of the email with background information.

Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman, Ph.D. and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and Scott M. Graffius’ first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his ‘Phases of Team Development.’ It’s a unique perspective on the five phases of team development — Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning — and it’s inclusive of the characteristics/features/traits and strategies for each phase.

Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property is registered with the United States Copyright Office.

The integrated text from Graffius’ copyrighted property applies in this case.

Graffius initially developed his intellectual property in 2008, and he periodically refreshes it. An authorized example of his copyrighted property applicable in this case (2022 edition) is here: https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/teams- 2022.html .

Here's more from the section of the email with background information.

Graffius’ copyright ownership details are integrated into and appear on his copyrighted property. Specifically, it reads: “Copyright © 2008-2022 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com.”

Additionally, his respective article includes this: “To request permission to use the 'Phases of Team Development' visual, contact Scott M. Graffius. If approved, high resolution JPG and PNG image files will be provided, subject to terms and conditions.”

And also this: “© Copyright 2022 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.”

Conference organizers, businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities around the world engage Graffius to deliver compelling talks and workshops. To date, he’s presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries, including:

  • Armenia,
  • Australia,
  • Brazil,
  • Canada,
  • Czech Republic,
  • Finland,
  • France,
  • Germany,
  • Greece,
  • Hong Kong,
  • Hungary,
  • India,
  • Ireland,
  • Lithuania,
  • Luxembourg,
  • Nepal,
  • Netherlands,
  • New Zealand,
  • Norway,
  • Romania,
  • Sweden,
  • Switzerland,
  • United Arab Emirates,
  • United Kingdom,
  • and the United States.

Graffius’ ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property is central and key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are at https://scottgraffius.com/resources/Exceptional-PPM-and-PMO-Solutions- Rate-Card-for-2024-2025-v24071607.pdf and https://scottgraffius.com/publicspeaker.html, respectively.

With an authorization/license from Graffius, many organizations around the world have featured and used his copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ work. Select examples include:

  • Adobe,
  • American Management Association,
  • Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
  • Boston University,
  • Broadcom,
  • Cisco,
  • Deimos Aerospace,
  • DevOps Institute,
  • Erste Group Bank AG (Austria),
  • FINAT,
  • Ford Motor Company,
  • FSU College of Medicine,
  • Hasso Plattner Institute (Germany),
  • IEEE,
  • Johns Hopkins University,
  • LeadingEng,
  • London South Bank University,
  • Manufacturers Alliance,
  • Microsoft,
  • New Zealand Government,
  • Oracle,
  • Royal Australasian College of Physicians,
  • TBS Switzerland,
  • Torrens University (Australia),
  • Tufts University,
  • U.S. National Park Service,
  • U.S. Tennis Association,
  • UC San Diego,
  • UK Sports Institute,
  • University of Galway (Ireland),
  • Victorian Institute of Technology (Australia),
  • Virginia Tech,
  • Warsaw University,
  • Western Sydney University (Australia),
  • World Resources Institute,
  • Yale University,
  • ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences,
  • and many others.

The following excerpts are from the section of the email detailing the violation.

Again, Graffius’ copyright ownership details and permission request information are clearly noted.

Authors (Whitney E. Muhlestein, MD; Kate W. C. Chang, MA, MS; Denise Justice, OTRL, Sarah Johnson, MS, OTRL; Shawn Brown; and Miriana Popadich, MSN, NP-C) of the JNS paper (
'Developing interdisciplinary research teams in neurosurgery: key elements to success in brachial plexus and peripheral nerve surgery') did not request nor receive permission to use Graffius’ copyrighted property.

Nevertheless, the authors used Graffius’ copyrighted property in their JNS article: they plagiarized Graffius’ work, damaging the marketability and value of his intellectual property.

The following excerpts from the email provide some side-by-side examples of Graffius' copyrighted property and the plagiarism in the JNS publication.

  • Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “High motivation, trust, and empathy”
  • Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “High motivation, trust, and empathy”

  • Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “Individuals defer to team needs”
  • Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “Individuals defer to team needs”

  • Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “Effectively producing deliverables”
  • Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “Effectively producing deliverables”

  • Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “Consistent performance”
  • Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “Consistent performance”

  • Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “Demonstrations of interdependence”
  • Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “Demonstrations of interdependence”

  • Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “Purpose and goals are well-understood”
  • Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “Purpose and goals are well-understood”

  • Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “More confident”
  • Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “More confidence”

  • Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “Members are engaged and supportive”
  • Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “Members are engaged and supportive”

The exhibit below also shows some examples of the blatant plagiarism.

Graffius v JNSPG AANS UM JNS Muhlestein Chang Justice Johnson Brown Popadich - Blg Exhibit - SideBySide

The following excerpts are from the conclusion section of Graffius' email.

Graffius’ copyright ownership details are integrated into and appear on his copyrighted property. Specifically, it reads: “Copyright © 2008-2022 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com.” Additionally, his article includes this: “To request permission to use the 'Phases of Team Development' visual, contact Scott M. Graffius. If approved, high resolution JPG and PNG image files will be provided, subject to terms and conditions.” And also this: “© Copyright 2022 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.”

Authors (Whitney E. Muhlestein, MD; Kate W. C. Chang, MA, MS; Denise Justice, OTRL, Sarah Johnson, MS, OTRL; Shawn Brown; and Miriana Popadich, MSN, NP-C) of the JNS paper (Developing interdisciplinary research teams in neurosurgery: key elements to success in brachial plexus and peripheral nerve surgery) did not request nor receive permission to use Graffius’ copyrighted property.

The authors of the JNS paper used Graffius’ copyrighted property, including plagiarizing it. The JNS paper did not attribute material to Graffius through citation or otherwise. By doing so, the authors are wrongly leading others to falsely believe that they are the author and owner of Graffius’ respective copyrighted content.

The JNS authors’ plagiarism damaged the marketability and value of Graffius’ copyrighted property.

The aforementioned actions of the authors of the JNS paper are a disgraceful breach of professional ethics, moral standards, and Graffius’ intellectual property rights.

The following excerpt is also from the conclusion section of Graffius' email.

Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other intellectual property rights. He is consulting with an IP attorney in Los Angeles. Graffius reserves his rights in this disturbing and consequential matter.

The preceding provided excerpts of key content—not the full transcript—of Graffius' email.

Authors of the
Journal of Neurosurgery (JNS) paper blatantly plagiarized Graffius’ copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ property, constituting a profound and disgraceful breach of professional ethics, moral standards, and Graffius’ intellectual property rights.

It is shocking that neither the publisher nor any of the editors or authors have responded to Graffius' report on the violation. By not acknowledging receipt of the plagiarism report, the publisher signals a lack of transparency, a lack of professionalism, and a lack of commitment to integrity.

It is imperative that the publisher, JNS Publishing Group / the American Association of Neurological Surgeons, demonstrate—through their actions—a commitment to upholding the highest standards of ethics and intellectual property rights. The publisher must take immediate and decisive action such as retracting or removing the infringing content. Otherwise, they risk losing their credibility and the trust placed in them by scientific and academic communities.

If there's an update after this article is published, the information will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section.

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About the Journal of Neurosurgery

The
Journal of Neurosurgery (JNS) is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects of neurosurgery. It is published by the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) and the editor-in-chief is James Rutka. The JNS brands itself as the world’s leading journal on neurosurgery and the official journal of the AANS.

Visit the
JNS website to learn more.

Note: Scott M. Graffius included (among others) James Rutka, AANS Editor-in-Chief, on the 24 September 2024 email detailing the plagiarism violation.

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About the American Association of Neurological Surgeons


The American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) is dedicated to advancing neurological surgery. The AANS says that through rigorous education, groundbreaking research, robust advocacy, and the advancement of outcomes science, it strives to ensure the highest standards of patient care are met and exceeded.
Katie O. Orrico is Chief Executive Officer of the AANS.

Visit the
AANS website to learn more.

Note: Scott M. Graffius included (among others) Katie O. Orrico, AANS CEO, on the 24 September 2024 email detailing the plagiarism violation.

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About Scott M. Graffius


Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

He's generated over $1.9 billion of business value in aggregate for Global Fortune 500 businesses and other organizations he's served — as a consultant through
Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions and Exceptional Agility, and as a member of staff at organizations. Businesses and industries range from consumer products to advanced technology (including AI, R&D), e-commerce, music, streaming/OTT video, television, film, video games, financial services, government, and more.

Graffius and content from his books (
Agile Scrum and Agile Transformation), talks, workshops, and more have been featured and used by businesses, professional associations, governments, and universities around the world. Examples include Adobe, American Management Association, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Bayer, Boston University, Broadcom, Cisco, Deimos Aerospace, DevOps Institute, EU's European Commission, Ford Motor Company, Hasso Plattner Institute Germany, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, London South Bank University, Microsoft, National Academy of Sciences, New Zealand Government, Oracle, Project Management Institute, Torrens University Australia, UC San Diego, TBS Switzerland, UK Sports Institute, University of Galway Ireland, U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Tennis Association, Virginia Tech, Warsaw University of Technology, Yale University, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, and many others.

He delights audiences around the world with dynamic and engaging talks and workshops. He's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries. Visit
here to learn more and here to ask Scott to speak at your event.

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Scrum_v22123007_LR_1000x1000_sq

Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Transformation_LR_1000x505

Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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References/Sources


The following is a list of material on publishing standards and procedures. Some cover the reporting and handling of plagiarism.

  1. Alter, Alexandra (2019, September 22). It’s a Fact: Mistakes are Embarrassing the Publishing Industry. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/22/business/publishing-books-errors.html.
  2. American Psychological Association (2019, November). Correction Notices. Available at: https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/research-publication/correction-notices.
  3. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) (2018, November 15). ACM Publications Policy on the Withdrawal, Correction, Retraction, and Removal of Works from ACM Publications and ACM DL. Available at: https://www.acm.org/publications/policies/retraction-policy.
  4. Cambridge University Press (n.d.). Publishing Ethics. Available at: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/flow/information/journal-policies/publishing-ethics.
  5. Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) (n.d.). Post-Publication Discussions and Corrections. Available at: https://publicationethics.org/postpublication.
  6. Elsevier (n.d.). Policy and Best practice: Errata & Corrigenda. Available at: https://www.elsevier.com/editor/perk/policy-and-best-practice-errata-and-corrigenda.
  7. Emerald Publishing (n.d.). Article Withdrawal & Correction. Available at: https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/publish-with-us/author-policies/article-withdrawal-correction.
  8. Faust, Jessica (2007, October 3). Typos and Errors After Publication. Available at: https://bookendsliterary.com/typos-and-errors-after-publication.
  9. Graffius, Scott M. (2024, March 22). The Protocol for Reporting an Error to an Author or Publisher. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/error-reporting.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.18830.98883.
  10. Graffius, Scott M. (2021, November 10). An Error Was Introduced Into the Seventh Edition of 'A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)'. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/pmbok7.html.
  11. Idunn (n.d.). Publishing and Research Ethics Policy. Available at: https://www.idunn.no/info/publiseringsetikk.
  12. IEEE (n.d.). Publishing Ethics: Guidelines and Policies: Post-Publication Policies. Available at: https://books.ieeeauthorcenter.ieee.org/book-publishing-at-ieee/publishing-ethics/guidelines-and-policies/post-publication-policies.
  13. Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) (n.d.). Guidelines for Ethical Behavior in Publishing. Available at: https://pubsonline.informs.org/page/opre/guidelines-for-ethical-behavior-in-publishing.
  14. IntechOpen (n.d.). Retraction and Correction Policy. Available at: https://www.intechopen.com/page/retraction-and-correction-policy.
  15. Marasoviฤ‡, Tea; Utrobiฤ‰iฤ‡, Ana; and Maruลiฤ‡, Ana (2018, March 31). Transparency of Retracting and Replacing Articles. The Lancet, 391 (10127): 1244-1245.
  16. Nature (n.d.). Editorial and Publishing Policies. Available at: https://www.nature.com/srep/journal-policies/editorial-policies.
  17. O’Reilly Media (n.d.). Errata for Java in a Nutshell. Available at: https://www.oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=0636920030775.
  18. Palgrave Macmillan (n.d.). Corrections and Retractions. Available at: https://www.palgrave.com/gp/editorial-policies/corrections-and-retractions.
  19. Pearson Education / InformIT (n.d.). Contact Us: Submit Errata. Available at: https://www.informit.com/about/contact_us/index.aspx?ContactUs_Topics_Partners_id=9d39709c-c911-4c96-ac2c-2c5a22d68ba9.
  20. Project Management Institute (PMI) (n.d.). PMI Standards Program Comment Form. Available at: https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/pmbok-standards/pmi-standards-program-comment-form.pdf.
  21. Project Management Institute (PMI) (n.d.). Standards Errata Sheets. Available at: https://www.pmi.org/pmbok-guide-standards/foundational/pmbok/errata-sheets.
  22. Public Library of Science (PLOS) (n.d.). Corrections, Expressions of Concern, and Retractions. Available at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/s/corrections-and-retractions.
  23. SAE International (n.d.). ARINC Standard – Errata Report Template. Available at: https://wcm14.sae.org/site/binaries/content/assets/itc/content/arinc/errata-form.docx [note: selecting the link will download the file].
  24. Sage Publications (n.d.). Sage Corrections and Retractions Policy. Available at: https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/sage-corrections-and-retractions-policy.
  25. Science Publishing Group (n.d.). Ethical Guidelines. Available at: https://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/information/ethical-guidelines.
  26. Springer (n.d.). Editorial Policies: Corrections and Retractions. Available at: https://www.springer.com/gp/editorial-policies/corrections-and-retractions.
  27. Taylor & Francis (n.d.). Publishing Ethics for Journal Editors: FAQs. Available at: https://editorresources.taylorandfrancis.com/publishing-ethics-for-editors/publishing-ethics-faqs.
  28. Ubiquity Press (n.d.). Correction and Retraction Policy. Available at: https://ubiquitypress.com/site/corrections.
  29. Warner, Brooke (2019, April 26). How to Publish a Perfect Book. Available at: https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/authors/pw-select/article/79902-how-to-publish-a-perfect-book.html.
  30. Wiley (n.d.). Best Practice Guidelines on Research Integrity and Publishing Ethics. Available at: https://authorservices.wiley.com/ethics-guidelines/index.html.
  31. Wiley Author Services (n.d.). Wiley's Policy for Handling Retractions, Withdrawals, and Expressions of Concern. Available at: https://authorservices.wiley.com/ethics-guidelines/retractions-and-expressions-of-concern.html.
  32. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) (n.d.). Managing Intellectual Property in the Book Publishing Industry. Available at: https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/copyright/868/wipo_pub_868.pdf.

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How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, October 8). Radio Silence from the American Association of Neurological Surgeons on Report of Blatant Plagiarism in Their ‘Journal of Neurosurgery’ Publication. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/aans-jns-publication.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.25837.40160

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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

Update on 11 October 2024

As a recap, Graffius’ 24 September 2024 report provided indisputable proof of plagiarism. Graffius emailed the detailed report to the publisher, the editors, and the authors. However, weeks passed with radio silence. There was not even an acknowledgement of receipt of the report.

Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other intellectual property rights. The publisher’s non-response signaled that they were knowingly endorsing, permitting or otherwise allowing ongoing misinformation and the perpetual violation of Graffius' intellectual property. For those reasons, Graffius expanded communications on this consequential matter.
Here's one example (of many).

On 11 October 2024, the publisher sent their first response to Graffius. Here’s an excerpt from the publisher’s email (it appears in italic font, within quotation marks):

“Thank you for your email and your patience as we have looked into this matter. We have concluded our investigation. The author did indeed unintentionally include unattributed references to your work. An erratum and article correction by the author are in process. Once submitted to us, time to publication is usually 2-3 weeks. I would expect this process to be concluded in less than 4 weeks’ time. I will send you a link to the errata and corrected paper for your files once they have been published online.”

Again, the above is an excerpt from—not a full transcript of—the publisher’s email to Graffius.

The publisher used the term “unintentionally.” That term, whether referencing a ridiculous excuse of the plagiarizing authors or otherwise, is counter-indicated by the undeniable facts in this serious matter and should not be used. For that reason, Graffius responded to the publisher’s email the same day. Here’s an excerpt from Graffius’ email (it appears in italic font, within quotation marks):

“Your response warrants a reply. So here it is.

I will not re-state my full 24 September 2024* report of the indisputable facts. But here’s an excerpt:

๐ŸŸข Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “High motivation, trust, and empathy”
๐Ÿ”ด Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “High motivation, trust, and empathy”

๐ŸŸข Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “Individuals defer to team needs”
๐Ÿ”ด Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “Individuals defer to team needs”

๐ŸŸข Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “Effectively producing deliverables”
๐Ÿ”ด Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “Effectively producing deliverables”

๐ŸŸข Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “Consistent performance”
๐Ÿ”ด Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “Consistent performance”

๐ŸŸข Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “Demonstrations of interdependence”
๐Ÿ”ด Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “Demonstrations of interdependence”

๐ŸŸข Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “Purpose and goals are well-understood”
๐Ÿ”ด Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “Purpose and goals are well-understood”

๐ŸŸข Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “More confident”
๐Ÿ”ด Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “More confidence”

๐ŸŸข Content from Scott M. Graffius 2022 copyrighted property: “Members are engaged and supportive”
๐Ÿ”ด Content from 2023 JNS article, plagiarizing Graffius’ work: “Members are engaged and supportive”

My copyright ownership details are integrated into and appear on my copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ property. Specifically, it reads: ‘Copyright © 2008-2022 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com.’ Additionally, my corresponding publication includes this: ‘© Copyright 2022 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.’

Authors (Whitney E. Muhlestein, MD; Kate W. C. Chang, MA, MS; Denise Justice, OTRL, Sarah Johnson, MS, OTRL; Shawn Brown; and Miriana Popadich, MSN, NP-C) of the JNS paper ('Developing interdisciplinary research teams in neurosurgery: key elements to success in brachial plexus and peripheral nerve surgery') did not request nor receive permission to use my copyrighted property.

Plagiarism is defined as ‘to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one’s own: use (another's production) without crediting the source’ (source: Merriam-Webster). It infringes on the intellectual property rights of others, results in misinformation, and often violates copyright.

The authors of the JNS paper used my copyrighted property, including plagiarizing it. Most of their plagiarism was word-for-word use of my intellectual property.

The JNS paper did not attribute material to me through citation or otherwise. By doing so, the authors are wrongly leading others to falsely believe that they are the author and owner of my respective copyrighted content.

So, these author(s)—who have been proven to be plagiarizers—claim the violation was done “unintentionally”? They unintentionally took my copyrighted property and used it (mostly word-for-word) unintentionally, and unintentionally failed to credit me on their respective diagram, and also unintentionally failed to cite me in the references section of the paper? The authors are insulting others with their excuse. “Unintentionally” is a ridiculous and desperate attempt to ‘minimize’ or ‘spin’ their blatant violation. I reject it entirely and so should you.

Wouldn’t it be refreshing to see the proven plagiarizers take a nice turn and demonstrate integrity, sincerity, and remorse?! They could have, and should have, simply said that what they did was wrong. However, by asserting “unintentionally,” the authors are demonstrating an ongoing lack of integrity, sincerity, and remorse. I must say, I’m greatly concerned.

Maybe the authors are procedurally allowed to (falsely) claim whatever they want, including “unintentionally,” in their response to the charges. However, if “unintentionally” (or a similar term) appears in the official record—whether in an erratum, retraction, or other action—it must be noted that “unintentionally” (or a similar term) is the claim of the authors of the JNS paper. It is vital that the that it is made clear that “unintentionally” (or a similar operative term) is not the conclusion or position of others. Here, 'others' includes me. Given the facts and without bias, ‘others’ certainty also includes you, the Journal of Neurosurgery, JNS Publishing Group, the American Association of Neurological Surgeons, and others.

Plagiarism is a profound and disgraceful breach of professional ethics, moral standards, and intellectual property rights. The authors of the JNS paper damaged the marketability and value of my copyrighted property.

I maintain, enforce, and protect my copyright and other intellectual property rights. As mentioned earlier, I am consulting with an IP attorney in Los Angeles. I reserve my rights in this disturbing and consequential matter.

Given the serious nature of this issue, please reply with a short confirmation that you received this communication.”


Again, the above is an excerpt from—not a full transcript of—Graffius’ email to the publisher.

The publisher replied the same day with (it appears in italic font, within quotation marks):

“That word was solely mine, and not a reflection of what will be conveyed. You are correct that it is irrelevant to the discussion. Apologies for the miscommunication. Please be assured we do not take this situation lightly. Acknowledging receipt of your correspondence with this email. I will be back in touch soon.”

Again, the above is an excerpt from—not a full transcript of—the publisher’s email to Graffius.

Any further updates will appear here.


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Copyright


Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.


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The short link for this article is
https://bit.ly/aans-jns


custom - back to main page of blog


Supplement to Graffius' 'Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts' Research: Typical Engagement Distribution Pattern for Social Media Posts

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Scott M Graffius - Typical Distribution Pattern for Social Media Posts - Refresh Oct 6 2024 - On Stage - LwRes



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Supplement to Graffius' 'Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts' Research: Typical Engagement Distribution Pattern for Social Media Posts

When content is published online, relevance and engagement have a limited lifespan. Most posts receive half of their total engagement (such as likes, shares, and comments) relatively soon, with the remainder spread out over a comparatively longer period. Said differently, plotting engagement against time typically reveals a distribution where the peak engagement occurs early, with a long tail of diminishing interaction, resembling a positively skewed unimodal distribution (an example is shown in the visuals above and below). For those reasons, an advantageous objective metric is half-life. It’s the time it takes for a post to receive half of its total engagement. Data can help inform strategic and tactical decisions, such as the frequency and scheduling of posts.

Scott M Graffius - Typical Distribution Pattern for Social Media Posts - Refresh Oct 6 2024 - LwRes

Reports by others related to the longevity of social media are often outdated or based on the experience of one person, one organization, or one limited set of data. With any of those common limitations, findings are at risk of being non-representative, inaccurate, or unreliable.

It’s important to have a large dataset from multiple sources. In addition to generating results that are more likely to be appropriately representative, accurate, and reliable, this approach provides a more complete picture and helps identify trends.

In 2018, Scott M. Graffius first published data on the average lifespan (half-life) of posts on Snapchat, X (formerly Twitter), Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, YouTube, Pinterest, and blogs based on a large dataset comprised of multiple, diverse sources. Algorithms and other factors on platforms change over time. For that reason, Graffius periodically updates his analysis.

The visual for the current (2024) edition of his ‘Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts’ is shown below and the details are
here.

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Scientists, researchers, journalists, academics, YouTubers, podcasters, digital marketing experts, businesses, government agencies, and others around the world have featured and used Scott M. Graffius’ ‘Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts’ research. Here are some examples:

  1. Bensley, Robert J., & Brookins-Fisher, Jodi (2023, December 14). Community and Public Health Education Methods: A Practical Guide—Fifth Edition. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. [The authors cover Graffius’ work in Chapter 10 (Using Social Media) and list Graffius’ work as reference number 84 on page 256. A link to the publication at Google Books is here: https://bit.ly/cphem-5.]
  2. Berkessel, Juergen (2021, October 27). How Evergreen Posting on Social Media for Podcasters Creates Growth. Season 1, Episode 9 of the Podcasting Strategy Show. Available at: https://polymash.com/evergreen-posting. [The podcast references Graffius’ research. Show notes include Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” visual as well as a hyperlink to Graffius’ full report.]
  3. Buffer (2024, February 7). 9 Ways to Grow Your Following on X/Twitter. Available at: https://buffer.com/resources/get-more-followers-on-twitter-x/. [It has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  4. Burton, Taylor (2022, November 2). Social Media Marketing: Leveraging LinkedIn. Pennsylvania Bar Institute. Available at: https://go.pbi.org/blog/social-media-marketing-leveraging-linkedin. [In the article, “LinkedIn posts are shown to have a longer lifespan” is hyperlinked to Graffius’ research.]
  5. Center for Direct Marketing (2024, March 25). Best Marketing Podcasts, Lifespan of Social Media and Blog Posts. Available at: https://dmcenter.com/march-2024/. [The article references, and has a link to, Graffius’ research.]
  6. Center for Direct Marketing (2022, September 27). What Is the Average Lifespan of a Blog or Social Media Post? Available at: https://dmcenter.com/lifespan-of-a-post. [The article includes data from Graffius and a hyperlink to his research.]
  7. Chowdhary, Tanish (2023, March 21). 13 Best Twitter Thread Tools to Go Viral in 2023. Geekflare. Available at: https://geekflare.com/best-twitter-thread-tools. [The article includes Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” visual and a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  8. Confederation of European Waste-to-Energy Plants (CEWEP) (2023, June 15). The Power of Social Media and How to Use It. 10th CEWEP Waste-to-Energy Congress, 14th - 16th June 2023, Berlin. Available at: https://www.cewep.eu/congress2023presentations/ and https://www.cewep.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/4.1-Monika-Michalska.pdf. [CEWEP Congress presentation slide 9 featured Graffius’ visual, representing a summary of his research findings.]
  9. Degraux, Xavier (2022, November 5). Quelle est la Durée d’un Post sur Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn. Available at: https://www.xavierdegraux.be/quelle-est-la-duree-dun-post-sur-twitter-instagram-linkedin. [In his article, Xavier Degraux — a social networks and content marketing consultant based in Belgium — discussed Graffius' work and provided a hyperlink to the research. Here's the title in English: How Long is a Post on Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn.]
  10. Encompass Online Marketing (2023, March 15). How Often Should You Publish New Content? Available at: https://encompassonline.ca/blog/how-often-should-you-publish-new-content. [Among other points, the article references the lifespan of tweets and has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  11. Fallah, Georges (2023, December 18). The Best Times to Post on Social Media. Available at: https://www.vbout.com/blog/the-best-times-to-post-on-social-media. [The article has hyperlinks to Graffius’ research.]
  12. Gebauer, Susanna (2022, October 25). Twitter Scheduling: How to Schedule Tweets for More Impact. Available at: https://susannagebauer.com/blog/twitter-scheduling/. [The article includes a link to Graffius' research.]
  13. Geyser, Werner (2023, September 20). 34 Mind-blowing Pinterest Stats for 2023. Influencer Marketing Hub. Available at: https://influencermarketinghub.com/pinterest-stats. [The article references the durations of “three months” and provides a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  14. GoDaddy (2023, February 20). How to Do Social Media: A Guide for Small Businesses and Entrepreneurs. Available at: https://www.godaddy.com/resources/skills/how-to-do-social-media. [In discussing the lifespan of tweets, the article provides a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  15. Gotch, Nathan (2023, December 4). How to Start an SEO Business (2024 Update). Available at: https://www.gotchseo.com/start-seo-company/. [The article includes Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” visual and a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  16. Hawes, C. W. (2023, January 24). Social Media Half-Life. Available at: https://www.cwhawes.com/social-media-half-life. [The article identifies Graffius’ research and has a hyperlink to it.]
  17. Lin, Yunduan, & Wang, Mengxin, & Zhang, Heng, & Zhang, Renyu, & Shen, Zuo-Jun Max (2021, June 9; revised 2023, June 28). Content Promotion for Online Content Platforms with the Diffusion Effect. SSRN. Available at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3863104 and https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3863104. [The scientific paper mentions Graffius’ work, and it delineates his research in the References section.]
  18. McErlain-Naylor, Stuart (2022, March 24). Social Media for Academia - All You Need to Know [Video]. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ka88MxZbU8o. [At timestamp 13:59 in the video, Dr. Stuart McErlain-Naylor displays a visual which summarizes the 2022 edition of Graffius’ research.]
  19. MeetEdgar (2023, April 2). Everything You Need to Know About Repeating Social Media Content. Available at: https://meetedgar.com/blog/repeating-social-media-content. [This article from social media management tool company MeetEdgar discusses the lifespan of posts and it has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  20. Memom, Alafiya (2023, June 14). Master the Art of Using Pinterest for Blogging in 2023. ContentStudio. Available at: https://blog.contentstudio.io/pinterest-for-blogging. [The article rounds up the half-life of Pinterest pins as “4 months” and it includes a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  21. Metricool (2023, October 31). YouTube Marketing in 2023. Available at: https://metricool.com/youtube-marketing. [The article includes “According to Scott Graffius’s data ...” and a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  22. Patel, Neil (2023, May 23). 18 Powerful Twitter Marketing Tips [That Actually Work]. Neil Patel. Available at: https://neilpatel.com/blog/twitter-marketing-tips. [In the article, “The average lifespan of one tweet” has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  23. Pitzalis, Josh (2022, November 21). Finding Social Media Calendar Ideas for Twitter. Chirr App. Available at: https://getchirrapp.com/how-to/find. [The article references the half-life of a tweet and has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  24. Pugalia, Akash, & Lalani, Farah (2023, September 29). Digital Safety: How a Multi-Faceted Approach Can Help Tackle Real-World Harm. World Economic Forum. Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/09/digital-safety-multi-faceted-approach-tackle-real-world-harm. [The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) included data by Graffius on the half-life of social media. The World Economic Forum covered that PNAS study in their article.]
  25. Rainey, Clint (2023, August 15). Social Media’s Toxic Impact Can Last Up to 8 Days. This Behavioral Scientist’s Solution Might Surprise You. Available at: https://www.fastcompany.com/90939081/social-media-toxic-impact-content-moderation-solution-behavior-science. [The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) included Graffius’ research data on the half-life of social media. Fast Company covered that PNAS publication — and summarized Graffius’ data from it — in their article.]
  26. Rynek Pro (2023, June 26). Dล‚ugoล›ฤ‡ ลปycia Postów (Half-Life) w Mediach Spoล‚ecznoล›ciowych w 2023 Roku. Available at: https://rynek.pro/half-life-dlugosc-zycia-postow/#pll_switcher. [Rynek Pro, a Poland-based advertising agency, featured Graffius’ research in their article. Here’s the title in English: Life Expectancy of Posts (Half-Life) in Social Media in 2023.]
  27. Schneider, Philipp J., & Rizoiu, Marian-Andrei (2023, August 22). The Effectiveness of Moderating Harmful Online Content. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 120 (34): e2307360120. Available at: https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2307360120. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307360120. [The scientific paper references Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” research and uses his data.]
  28. Strozyk, Kaylee (2023, November 3). 11 Tips on How to Use Pinterest for Real Estate. Fit Small Business. Available at: https://fitsmallbusiness.com/how-to-use-pinterest-for-real-estate-agents. [The article references that the half-life of Pinterest pins is “about 3.75 months.” Selecting the respective hyperlink brings up Graffius’ research.]
  29. Thailand TV News (2022, August 16). Half-Life of Each Social Media Post. Available at: https://thailandtv.news/half-life-of-each-social-media-post-thumbsup. [The article incorporates data from Graffius’ work and it has a hyperlink to his research.]
  30. The Tech Reps (2023, January 23). SEO or Social Media Marketing, Which is Better for Sales? [video]. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVmQdHDXCrw. [The Tech Reps used Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts” visual as the background image in their video.]
  31. Two Rivers Marketing (2020, December 9). 8 Social Media Channels and Tactics to Consider Adding to Your Marketing Mix. Available at: https://www.tworiversmarketing.com/blog/8-social-media-channels-and-tactics-to-consider-adding-to-your-marketing-mix. [The article references the lifespan of posts and has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  32. Walters, Christy (2023, May 4). How To Curate Content for LinkedIn: Handpick Your Next Post. CopyPress. Available at: https://www.copypress.com/kb/social-media-promotion/curate-content-for-linkedin. [The article discusses the lifespan of a LinkedIn post and has a hyperlink to Graffius’ research.]
  33. What What SEO (2024, September 5). 5 bonnes raisons de créer un compte Pinterest si tu es entrepreneuse. (In English: 5 good reasons to create a Pinterest account if you are an entrepreneur). Available at: https://whatwhatseo.fr/creer-compte-pinterest-entreprise-avantages/. [The article incorporates Graffius’ research; to see the details, select 'Sources' located towards the end of the article.]

And many more.

To learn more about Graffius' ‘Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts’ research, visit
here.
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About Scott M. Graffius


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Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

He's generated over $1.9 billion of business value in aggregate for Global Fortune 500 businesses and other organizations he's served — as a consultant through
Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions and Exceptional Agility, and as a member of staff at organizations. Businesses and industries range from consumer products to advanced technology (including AI, R&D), e-commerce, music, streaming/OTT video, television, film, video games, financial services, government, and more.

Graffius and content from his books (
Agile Scrum and Agile Transformation), talks, workshops, and more have been featured and used by businesses, professional associations, governments, and universities around the world. Examples include Adobe, American Management Association, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Bayer, Boston University, Broadcom, Cisco, Deimos Aerospace, DevOps Institute, EU's European Commission, Ford Motor Company, Hasso Plattner Institute Germany, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, London South Bank University, Microsoft, National Academy of Sciences, New Zealand Government, Oracle, Project Management Institute, Torrens University Australia, UC San Diego, TBS Switzerland, UK Sports Institute, University of Galway Ireland, U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Tennis Association, Virginia Tech, Warsaw University of Technology, Yale University, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, and many others.

He delights audiences around the world with dynamic and engaging talks and workshops. He's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries. Visit
here to learn more and here to ask Scott to speak at your event.

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Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

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Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

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Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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How to Cite This Article


Graffius, Scott M. (2024, September 30). Supplement to Graffius' 'Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts' Research: Typical Engagement Distribution Pattern for Social Media Posts. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/distribution-pattern-for-social-media-posts.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.15820.22402.

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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

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A PDF of this article is
here

The short link for this article is
https://bit.ly/socialismedia

© Copyright 2024 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.



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How Algorithms Shape the User Experience on Social Media Platforms

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

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Introduction

More than 5.1 billion people use social media. Algorithms shape every social media interaction.

Social media platforms allow people to create, share, and exchange information and content with others. There are too many platforms to list, but eight examples include:

  • Facebook,
  • Instagram,
  • LinkedIn,
  • Pinterest,
  • Snapchat,
  • TikTok,
  • X (formerly Twitter),
  • and YouTube.

Algorithms on social media platforms are a unique set of mathematical rules and signals that determine what content to display to users, and in what order. Algorithms are both architects and gatekeepers of user experiences on the platforms.

Social media is central to many people’s daily lives. However, the platforms employ incredibly complex algorithms and they typically keep their details secret.

The impacts of algorithms are widespread and profound. They can influence opinions, shape narratives, and potentially dictate social behavior. This article reveals how algorithms shape the user experience on social media platforms. After this Introduction there are seven parts:

  • From Simple to Complex (the genesis of social media algorithms),
  • General Mechanics (the components of algorithms),
  • Benefits and Risks (the upside and downside of algorithms),
  • Algorithm-Savvy Marketing,
  • Ethical Considerations,
  • The Future of Algorithms on Social Media Platforms, and
  • Conclusion

From Simple to Complex


Social media platforms initially relied on simple chronological feeds. However, when user engagement (such as likes, shares, and comments) exploded, platforms decided to develop and implement more sophisticated methods, principally algorithms. Then, engagement-based models shaped by algorithms took precedence. Content that users were more likely to interact with was prioritized.

The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine (ML) learning has further transformed these algorithms into powerful tools. For better or worse, they are entirely capable of hyper-personalizing content which can significantly influence perceptions and decisions. AI and ML are also discussed later in this article.

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General Mechanics

A complex web of data points and signals is at the core of social media algorithms. Algorithms are composed of including five fundamental components:

  1. User Engagement: Engagement is at the heart of algorithms. The more users interact with specific content, the more likely it is to be promoted within feeds. This initiates a cycle where popular content gains even more prominence.

  1. Content Prioritization: Here are examples of how different social media platforms treat content. The terms “advances,” “favors,” and “prioritizes” are used interchangeably.

  • Facebook advances live videos.
  • Instagram favors images and videos.
  • LinkedIn prioritizes thought leadership posts.
  • Pinterest advances pins about recipes, home décor, and fashion; and pins that link to external websites such as blogs.
  • Snapchat prioritizes content that uses filters and lenses.
  • TikTok advances videos that receive high engagement rates within seconds of being posted.
  • X increasingly favors videos.
  • YouTube prioritizes long videos with high watch times.

  1. Content Relevance: Algorithms prioritize content that aligns with users’ preferences and history. For example, if a user frequently engages with fitness-related posts, the algorithm will likely serve them with similar content. That tactic can enhance user satisfaction, but it can also lead to echo chambers. Those are environments that expose users primarily to information that reinforces their existing beliefs.

  1. Freshness: Social media thrives on immediacy. Newer content often takes precedence over older posts. That compels brands, influencers, and others to maintain an apt posting schedule.

  1. Network Effects: Content gaining traction among a user’s network helps amplify its reach by spreading (more) rapidly, including possibly ‘going viral.’ There is no universal quantification for what constitutes ‘viral,’ but a post with 1 million or more views/impressions may qualify.

Benefits and Risks

Algorithms curate content to match the preferences of individuals. That can present both benefits and risks.

Four benefits of algorithmic curation include:

  1. Personalization: Individuals tend to interact more frequently with content that aligns with their preferences.

  1. Content Discovery: Algorithms can facilitate the introduction of content and accounts that users may not have encountered otherwise.

  1. Reduced Information Overload: Social media platforms house a massive volume of content. Algorithms may help filter out the noise. By prioritizing relevant posts, algorithms can help individuals to focus on what matters most to them.

  1. Enhanced Engagement: As users find more of the content they enjoy, they will likely spend more time on the platform. This increased engagement also benefits platforms as they can monetize the increased time and attention through advertising.

Three risks of algorithmic curation include:

  1. Echo Chambers and Polarization: The potential formation of echo chambers is the most concerning byproduct of algorithmic personalization. Users are at risk of being shielded from differing perspectives. That is especially the case with political discourse; those situations can lead to polarization or increased polarization.

  1. Risk of Promoting Incorrect Information: The algorithms that prioritize engagement can potentially (by design or inadvertently) boost sensationalist content or incorrect information.

  1. User Fatigue: Users may experience fatigue or disillusionment when they become aware of the potential negative effects of algorithms. Users who feel that their experiences are being engineered may lose trust in the platforms, and they may stop using them.

Algorithm-Savvy Marketing

Businesses and marketers must have a good understanding of social media algorithms. Further, as the digital landscape changes over time, so must strategies. Here are six principles for navigating this complex terrain:

  1. Prioritize Quality Over Quantity: Create meaningful, engaging, and relevant posts.

  1. Engage Authentically: Engage with one’s audience in genuine ways such as through storytelling, user-generated content, and responsive interactions.

  1. Embrace Video Content: Use videos as platforms are increasingly prioritizing that content.

  1. Stay Informed: Marketers should be on the lookout for changes and be responsive to them.

  1. Leverage Data Analytics: Informed by metrics, marketers can adjust their strategies when needed.

  1. Experiment and Adapt: Platforms are continuously changing. Users’ tastes may change as well. Marketers should experiment with different content types, posting schedules, and engagement tactics to discover what works best for their audience.

Ethical Considerations

Algorithms shape user experiences, and that power carries significant responsibility. Here are four key ethical points and questions:

  1. Transparency: Users deserve to understand how their data is used and how content is prioritized. Increased transparency can foster trust between users and platforms. Is the social media platform transparent about how its algorithm works.

  1. Algorithmic Bias: Algorithms are not immune to bias as they often reflect the prejudices in the data they analyze. Is the social media platform taking steps to remove bias wherever possible?

  1. Content Moderation: What role, if any, should platforms play in moderating content?

  1. User Well-Being: Is the platform primarily focused on providing a great user experience? Or is it about doing anything and everything possible to generate time on the platform and obtain a presumed corresponding increase in revenue?

The Future of Social Media Algorithms

The future of social media algorithms is certain to be exciting and daunting. Several trends are emerging. They may impact the future of algorithms in the following five ways:

  1. Increased Use of AI and ML: AI and ML will continue to play a role in refining algorithms. As the technologies advance, algorithms will become even more adept at understanding user preferences and predicting behavior.

  1. Greater Focus on User Control: Users are becoming more aware of their data and how it’s used. Platforms may offer control to users, allowing users to customize their feeds and manage their engagement preferences.

  1. Ethical Algorithm Design: Ethical frameworks that prioritize user well-being, transparency, and accountability may gain prominence in the future.

  1. Integration of AR and VR: Social media platforms may incorporate augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) elements into their algorithms in the future. If that happens, the result will be immersive user experiences that transcend traditional content consumption.

  1. Community-Centric Algorithms: Algorithms in the future may prioritize community engagement and collective interests.

Conclusion

Each algorithm is a complex set of mathematical rules and signals that determine what content to display to users, and in what order. That gives them the ability to empower or manipulate users. Simply put, algorithms have a big impact on user experiences on social media platforms. It’s suggested that users advocate for ethical, user-centric design in the development and deployment of these algorithms as well as user control and transparency. When platforms adopt those measures, users will have a better experience.

For the references, how to cite this article, information about the author and more, continue reading.

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References/Sources

  1. Adobe (2023, September 8). Guide to Beating Social Media Algorithms. Available at: https://creativecloud.adobe.com/learn/express/web/increase-social-media-visibility.
  2. Alalwan, A. A. (2018). Investigating the Impact of Social Media Advertising Features on Customer Purchase Intention. International Journal of Information Management, 42: 65–77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.06.001.
  3. Allen, R., & Choudhury, P. (2022). Algorithm-Augmented Work and Domain Experience: The Countervailing Forces of Ability and Aversion. Organization Science, 33 (1): 149-169.
  4. Ananny, M. (2016). Toward an Ethics of Algorithms: Convening, Observation, Probability, and Timeliness. Science, Technology, and Human Values, 41(1): 93-117. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0162243915606523.
  5. Bensley, Robert J., & Brookins-Fisher, Jodi (2023, December 14). Community and Public Health Education Methods: A Practical Guide—Fifth Edition. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
  6. Berberich, N., Nishida, T., & Suzuki, S. (2020). Harmonizing Artificial Intelligence for Social Good. Philosophy and Technology, 33: 613-638.
  7. Berkessel, Juergen (2021, October 27). How Evergreen Posting on Social Media for Podcasters Creates Growth. Season 1, Episode 9 of the Podcasting Strategy Show. Available at: https://polymash.com/evergreen-posting.
  8. Burton, Taylor (2022, November 2). Social Media Marketing: Leveraging LinkedIn. Pennsylvania Bar Institute. Available at: https://go.pbi.org/blog/social-media-marketing-leveraging-linkedin.
  9. Center for Direct Marketing (2022, September 27). What Is the Average Lifespan of a Blog or Social Media Post? Available at: https://dmcenter.com/lifespan-of-a-post.
  10. Cleland, C.E. (2001). Recipes, Algorithms, Programs. Minds and Machines, 11: 219-237.
  11. Colicev, Anatoli, & Malshe, Ashwin, & Pauwels, Koen, & O'Connor, Peter (2018). Improving Consumer Mindset Metrics and Shareholder Value Through Social Media: The Different Roles of Owned and Earned Media. Journal of Marketing, 82 (1): 37-56.
  12. Confederation of European Waste-to-Energy Plants (CEWEP) (2023, June 15). The Power of Social Media and How to Use It. 10th CEWEP Waste-to-Energy Congress, 14th - 16th June 2023, Berlin. Available at: https://www.cewep.eu/congress2023presentations/ and https://www.cewep.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/4.1-Monika-Michalska.pdf.
  13. Degraux, Xavier (2022, November 5). Quelle est la Durée d’un Post sur Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn. Available at: https://www.xavierdegraux.be/quelle-est-la-duree-dun-post-sur-twitter-instagram-linkedin.
  14. Encompass Online Marketing (2023, March 15). How Often Should You Publish New Content? Available at: https://encompassonline.ca/blog/how-often-should-you-publish-new-content.
  15. Expand My Business (2024, January 11). How to Leverage User Experience: UX in Digital Marketing. Available at: https://blog.emb.global/ux-in-digital-marketing/.
  16. Frau-Meigs, Divina.(2024, June). Algorithm Literacy as a Subset of Media and Information Literacy: Competences and Design Considerations. Digital, 4: 512-528. DOI: 10.3390/digital4020026.
  17. Graffius, Scott M. (2023, May 1). Fueling the Development of Innovative and Life-Changing AI Solutions [Presentation]. Talk delivered to an audience of Technology professionals (including Data Scientists, Machine Learning Engineers, Data Engineers, AI Researchers, Project Managers, Business Analysts, UX Designers, Software Developers, Cloud Architects, Data Privacy and Security Specialists, and others involved or interested in AI) at a private event in Mountain View, California, United States. Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.13140/RG.2.2.27956.73601. DOI link: https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.27956.73601.
  18. Graffius, Scott M. (2024, January 1). Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2024. Available at: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/social-24.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.21043.60965.
  19. Grandinetti, J. (2021). Examining embedded apparatuses of AI in Facebook and TikTok. AI and Society, 38: 1273-1286. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-021-01270-5.
  20. Hill, R.K. (2013). What an Algorithm Is, and Is Not. Communications of the ACM, 56 (6): 8-9. DOI: 10.1145/2461256.2461260.
  21. IBM (n.d.). What Is Social Media Analytics. Available at: https://www.ibm.com/topics/social-media-analytics.
  22. John, Vanessa (2024, September 5). Website vs. Social Media - Do You Still Need a Site in 2024? Madgicx. Available at: https://madgicx.com/blog/website-and-social-media.
  23. Jwaniat, M. A. (2023). Examining Journalistic Practices in Online Newspapers in the Era of Artificial Intelligence. 2023 International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Communication, Networking and Services (ICCNS), Valencia, Spain, 2023, pp. 183-189, DOI: 10.1109/ICCNS58795.2023.10193607.
  24. Keller, J., Herrmann-Schwarz, T., Roitzheim, C., Mertens, L., Christin Brockmeier, L., & Kumar Purohit, A. (2024). A Digital Nudge-Based Intervention to Interrupt Instagram Usage: Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. European Journal of Health Psychology. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000150.
  25. Lang, Kirsti (2023, November 6). Decoding the Facebook Algorithm in 2024: Everything You Need to Know. Available at: https://buffer.com/library/facebook-news-feed-algorithm/.
  26. Lin, Yunduan, & Wang, Mengxin, & Zhang, Heng, & Zhang, Renyu, & Shen, Zuo-Jun Max (2021, June 9; revised 2023, June 28). Content Promotion for Online Content Platforms with the Diffusion Effect. SSRN. Available at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3863104 and https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3863104.
  27. Mahesh, B. (2020). Machine Learning Algorithms—A Review. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 9 (1): 381-386. https://doi.org/10.21275/art20203995.
  28. Metzler, H., & Garcia, D. (2024). Social Drivers and Algorithmic Mechanisms on Digital Media. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 19 (5): 735-748. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916231185057.
  29. Mosseri, Adam (2023, May 31). Instagram Ranking Explained. Available at: https://about.instagram.com/blog/announcements/instagram-ranking-explained/.
  30. Mosseri, Adam (2021, June 8). Shedding More Light on How Instagram Works. Available at: https://about.instagram.com/blog/announcements/shedding-more-light-on-how-instagram-works.
  31. Newberry, Christina (2023, October 25). How Does the LinkedIn Algorithm Work? [2024 Changes Explained]. Available at: https://blog.hootsuite.com/how-the-linkedin-algorithm-works-hacks/.
  32. Oladipo, Tamilore (2024, January 11). A 2024 Guide to the YouTube Algorithm: Everything You Need to Know to Boost Your Content. Available at: https://buffer.com/resources/youtube-algorithm/.
  33. Perreault, Marie-Catherine, & Mosconi, Elaine (2018). Social Media Engagement: Content Strategy and Metrics Research Opportunities. Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences: 3568-3577.
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  35. Pugalia, Akash, & Lalani, Farah (2023, September 29). Digital Safety: How a Multi-Faceted Approach Can Help Tackle Real-World Harm. World Economic Forum. Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/09/digital-safety-multi-faceted-approach-tackle-real-world-harm.
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How to Cite this Article

Graffius, Scott M. (2024, September 26). How Algorithms Shape the User Experience on Social Media Platforms. Available at:
https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/algorithms-and-the-user-experience.html. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29149.01767.

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About Scott M. Graffius


Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

He's generated over $1.9 billion of business value in aggregate for Global Fortune 500 businesses and other organizations he's served. Businesses and industries range from consumer products to advanced technology (including AI and R&D), e-commerce, music, streaming/OTT video, television, film, video games, financial services, government, and more.

Graffius and content from his books (
Agile Scrum and Agile Transformation), talks, workshops, and more have been featured and used by businesses, professional associations, governments, and universities around the world. Examples include Adobe, American Management Association, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Bayer, Boston University, Broadcom, Cisco, Deimos Aerospace, DevOps Institute, EU's European Commission, Ford Motor Company, Hasso Plattner Institute Germany, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, London South Bank University, Microsoft, National Academy of Sciences, New Zealand Government, Oracle, Project Management Institute, Torrens University Australia, UC San Diego, TBS Switzerland, UK Sports Institute, University of Galway Ireland, U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Tennis Association, Virginia Tech, Warsaw University of Technology, Yale University, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, and many others.

He delights audiences around the world with dynamic and engaging talks and workshops. He's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries. Visit
here to learn more and here to ask Scott to speak at your event.

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes



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About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

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Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow instructions, the multi award-winning
Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions book by Scott M. Graffius (Chris Hare and Colin Giffen, Technical Editors) helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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About
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change

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Thriving in today's marketplace frequently depends on making a transformation to become more agile. Those successful in the transition enjoy faster delivery speed and ROI, higher satisfaction, continuous improvement, and additional benefits.

Based on actual events,
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change provides a quick (60-90 minute) read about a successful agile transformation at a multinational entertainment and media company, told from the author's perspective as an agile coach.

The award-winning book by
Scott M. Graffius is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.



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Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

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A PDF of this article is
here

The short link for this article is:
https://bit.ly/algo-ux

© Copyright 2024 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.





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Thinkers360 Named Scott M. Graffius a Top Thought Leader on Agile

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

Thinkers360 Named Scott M Graffius a Top Thought Leader on Agile - Jan 2024 Through Jan 2025 - SG - LwRes



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Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, consultant, creator, trainer, expert on teamwork tradecraft and temporal dynamics on social media platforms, award-winning author (
Agile Scrum and Agile Transformation), and international public speaker.

Thinkers360 named Graffius a top thought leader on agile. As detailed at
https://www.thinkers360.com/tl/badge/5899/3335, honors span one year. The badge was issued on 28 January 2024, and it is good through 28 January 2025. Visuals are up next.

Here's excerpt 1 of 3, a thumbnail view of Thinker360’s story at
https://www.thinkers360.com/top-50-global-thought-leaders-and-influencers-on-agile-2024/.

Thinkers360 Named Scott M Graffius a Top Thought Leader on Agile - Jan 2024 Through Jan 2025 - SG - Excerpt - 1 - LwRes

Excerpt 2 is next. It's a zoomed-in view of Thinker360’s story.

Thinkers360 Named Scott M Graffius a Top Thought Leader on Agile - Jan 2024 Through Jan 2025 - SG - Excerpt - 2 - LwRes

Here’s excerpt 3, another zoomed-in view of Thinker360’s story.

Thinkers360 Named Scott M Graffius a Top Thought Leader on Agile - Jan 2024 Through Jan 2025 - SG - Excerpt - 3 - LwRes

To learn more about Thinkers360 and Scott M. Graffius, read on.

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About Thinkers360

Thinkers360 is the world’s first, largest, and premier open platform for thought leaders and influencers. It covers academics, advisors, analysts, authors, consultants, executives, speakers, and others. Thinkers360’s patent-pending approach to rating thought leaders and influencers factors each candidate’s diverse contributions and content such as articles, books, media coverage, podcasts, social media, speaking events, videos, and more. Thinkers360’s reach includes over 100M followers on social media combined.

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About Scott M. Graffius


Scott_M_Graffius_-_Blue_-_1000x1000_-LwRes

Scott M. Graffius is a global leader in agile project management, an expert on teamwork tradecraft, an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms, a creator, a consultant, a trainer, an award-winning author, and an international public speaker.

He's generated over $1.9 billion of business value in aggregate for Global Fortune 500 businesses and other organizations he's served. Businesses and industries range from consumer products to advanced technology (including AI, R&D), e-commerce, music, streaming/OTT video, television, film, video games, financial services, government, and more.

Graffius and content from his books (
Agile Scrum and Agile Transformation), talks, workshops, and more have been featured and used by businesses, professional associations, governments, and universities around the world. Examples include Adobe, American Management Association, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Bayer, Boston University, Broadcom, Cisco, Deimos Aerospace, DevOps Institute, EU's European Commission, Ford Motor Company, Hasso Plattner Institute Germany, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, London South Bank University, Microsoft, National Academy of Sciences, New Zealand Government, Oracle, Project Management Institute, Torrens University Australia, UC San Diego, TBS Switzerland, UK Sports Institute, University of Galway Ireland, U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Tennis Association, Virginia Tech, Warsaw University of Technology, Yale University, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, and many others.

He delights audiences around the world with dynamic and engaging talks and workshops. He's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries. Visit
here to learn more and here to ask Scott to speak at your event.

Scott M Graffius on X - SG on X Design 2 - v Feb 7 2024 - LwRes

Scott M Graffius - Impact_com Platform for Influencers and Affiliates - v April 7 2024 - rev April 10 2024 - LwRes

black_spacer_lr_sq_v3

About Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions

Scott_M_Graffius_Agile_Scrum_v22123007_LR_1000x1000_sq

Shifting customer needs are common in today's marketplace. Businesses must be adaptive and responsive to change while delivering an exceptional customer experience to be competitive.

There are a variety of frameworks supporting the development of products and services, and most approaches fall into one of two broad categories: traditional or agile. Traditional practices such as waterfall engage sequential development, while agile involves iterative and incremental deliverables. Organizations are increasingly embracing agile to manage projects, and best meet their business needs of rapid response to change, fast delivery speed, and more.

With clear and easy to follow step-by-step instructions,
Scott M. Graffius's award-winning Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions helps the reader:

  • Implement and use the most popular agile frameworkโ€•Scrum;
  • Deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation to change, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement; and
  • Support innovation and drive competitive advantage.

Hailed by Literary Titan as “the book highlights the versatility of Scrum beautifully.”

Winner of 17 first place awards.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is available in paperback and ebook/Kindle in the United States and around the world. Some links by country follow.