L'avenir du Travail et de l'IA Avancée / Future of Work and Advanced AI

22 June 2026

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

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The bibliography includes links to materials referenced throughout this article.

Introduction

On June 18, 2026, Scott M. Graffius led the session, "L'avenir du Travail et de l'IA Avancée / Future of Work and Advanced AI," at a private corporate event in the Champs-Élysées District of Paris, France. The event explored a topic that is rapidly moving from theory to practice: how people and advanced AI systems collaborate as teammates.

It marked Graffius' 99th session. To date, he's delivered talks and workshops at 99 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

Overview of the Session

Session information was presented in French and English:

Français

L'avenir du Travail et de l'IA Avancée

Naviguez les nouveaux schémas de "Dynamiques d'Équipe Exotiques" qui émergent lors de la collaboration avec une IA avancée. Guide pratique pour gérer la logique de décision inverse, les rôles en superposition, la prise de décision intriquée, les protocoles émergents, et bien plus encore. Cette session interactive inclut une collaboration avec une IA avancée agissant comme un membre actif de l'équipe.

English

Future of Work and Advanced AI

Navigate the new patterns of “exotic team dynamics” which emerge when collaborating with advanced AI. Practitioner guidance on handling inverse decision logic, superposition roles, entangled decision-making, emergent protocols, and much more. This interactive session includes collaboration with an advanced AI as an active participant.

Graffius delivered the session in English; additional details follow below.

The Evolution of Teamwork

Until recently, teamwork research focused primarily on interactions among people. Today, organizations are entering an era in which humans increasingly collaborate with AI systems capable of analyzing information, generating ideas, making recommendations, executing actions, and participating directly in workflows.

As AI capabilities expand, traditional models of teamwork are becoming insufficient on their own. With AI functioning as a teammate, new forms of collaboration are emerging — ones that challenge established assumptions about roles, authority, communication, decision-making, and coordination.

Graffius refers to these emerging patterns as “exotic team dynamics.” The term describes the distinctive interaction patterns that arise when humans collaborate with advanced AI systems operating as active contributors within a team environment.

These developments have broad implications across industries and disciplines, including knowledge work, product development, project management, innovation, operations, strategy, education, healthcare, government, and beyond.

Beyond Traditional Teams

Building on the exotic team dynamics, four novel patterns emerge in human–AI collaboration. Together, they signal a shift beyond traditional teamwork models, in which advanced AI reshapes not only tasks but also the structure, boundaries, and behavior of teams.

During the “L’avenir du Travail et de l’IA Avancée / Future of Work and Advanced AI” session, participants explored each of these four dynamics — Inverse Decision Logic, Superposition Roles, Entangled Decision-Making, and Emergent Protocols — as key expressions of this new collaborative frontier.

1. Inverse Decision Logic

In traditional teams, decisions are usually reached through reasoning that can be traced, explained, and defended. Advanced AI changes that pattern. It may produce highly valuable conclusions through pathways that are not immediately intuitive to humans, yet still prove correct when tested against the facts and the larger context.

That is the essence of inverse decision logic: a recommendation can be right even when the reasoning behind it feels unfamiliar, counterintuitive, or reversed from what a human team might expect. This reality pushes organizations to rethink how trust is built, how recommendations are evaluated, and how decisions are validated in human–AI environments.

2. Superposition Roles

In conventional teams, roles tend to be distinct and neatly separated. One person researches, another analyzes, another edits, and another advises. Advanced AI disrupts that model by being able to move across several functions at once — researcher, analyst, strategist, editor, facilitator, and advisor — often within a single exchange.

This is the power of superposition roles: one participant can inhabit multiple functions simultaneously, collapsing boundaries that once defined team structure. As a result, organizations must broaden their assumptions about specialization, responsibility, and the very architecture of collaboration.

3. Entangled Decision-Making

As human judgment and AI-generated insight become more deeply intertwined, important decisions increasingly emerge from the interaction itself. In these moments, the old question of “who originated the idea?” matters less than understanding how the combined human–AI process produced a stronger outcome.

That is entangled decision-making in action: a collaborative mode in which contributions are so interconnected that authorship, accountability, and influence cannot be cleanly separated. The challenge for leaders is to build governance models that reflect this reality rather than pretending the old single-author framework still applies.

4. Emergent Protocols

What happens when new rules appear? In human–AI teams, that typically occurs. Through repeated interaction, teams begin to develop their own norms, validation habits, escalation paths, and working routines.

These emergent protocols are the natural byproducts of collaboration maturing over time. More importantly, they can become a source of real advantage when teams observe them carefully, refine them intentionally, and shape them to support better performance.

Discussion and Demonstration

The session was intentionally interactive. Rather than discussing advanced AI solely as a topic of study, participants experienced live collaboration with an AI — a highly experimental, non-commercial advanced AI prototype — as part of the session itself.

The AI worked alongside participants in real time and demonstrated how human–AI collaboration (where the AI is advanced) can function in practice. This live interaction transformed abstract concepts into observable behavior, giving participants direct insight into both the opportunities and complexities of human–AI teamwork, including "exotic team dynamics."

Looking Ahead

The future of work will not simply involve people using AI tools. Increasingly, it will involve humans collaborating with advanced AI systems as active participants in team environments.

Organizations that understand and master these emerging dynamics will be better positioned to innovate, adapt, and compete.

Those that fail to do so risk being outpaced by teams that have learned how to effectively integrate advanced AI and the associated "exotic team dynamics" into their processes.

Graffius has generated over $2.51 billion in business value for Fortune 500 companies and other organizations around the world. Put that track record to work for you. For speaking engagements, use the request form; for other inquiries, email him.

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Bibliography

This bibliography accompanies Scott M. Graffius’ session, “L’avenir du Travail et de l’IA Avancée / Future of Work and Advanced AI.” The session draws on Graffius’ firsthand experience in leadership, AI, and teamwork tradecraft—including the “exotic team dynamics” that emerge when advanced artificial intelligence operates as a teammate—along with the sources listed below, which include selected works by Graffius. This is an extensive, though not exhaustive, compilation.

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Gorman, A. (2023, April 27). How to Strengthen Your Soft Skills for AI and the Future of Work. Fast Company. https://www.fastcompany.com/90887540/how-to-strengthen-your-soft-skills-for-ai-and-the-future-of-work
Graffius, S. M. (n.d.). Exotic Team Dynamics. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/exotic-team-dynamics.html
Graffius, S. M. (2016, January 21). 2014 NSDM Publication on Leadership by National Security Affairs Professor Mary Raum Featured the 2008 Edition of Scott M. Graffius' Work on Team Development. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/nsdm-leadership.html
Graffius, S. M. (2016). Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions. North Charleston, South Carolina, United States: CreateSpace.
Graffius, S. M. (2016). Thinking Strategically and Acting Tactically. Los Angeles, California, United States: Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions.
Graffius, S. M. (2018, October 18). Agile Scrum Helps Innovators, Disruptors, and Entrepreneurs Develop and Deliver Products at Astounding Speed Which Drives Competitive Advantage [Presentation]. Talk delivered at Techstars Startup Week Conference. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.25009.12647
Graffius, S. M. (2019). Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change. Scotts Valley, California, United States: CreateSpace.
Graffius, S. M. (2021). Phases of Team Development. Los Angeles, California, United States: Scott M. Graffius. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22040.42246
Graffius, S. M. (2021, February 20). But First, the Team! [Presentation]. Talk delivered at the Brno, Czech Republic DevConf.CZ 2021 Conference. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.29016.72964
Graffius, S. M. (2021, May 13). But First, the Team! [Presentation]. Lecture delivered at DevOps Pro Europe 2021 Conference; based and simulcast live from Vilnius, Lithuania. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.30524.36481
Graffius, S. M. (2021, June 21). DevOps and Team Leadership [Workshop]. Session at private event in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.15380.22401
Graffius, S. M. (2021, September 11). Navigate the Phases of Team Development with Speed and Agility for Happier and More Productive InfoSec Teams [Presentation]. BSides NCL Newcastle upon Tyne, England 2021 InfoSec Conference. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.27961.29280
Graffius, S. M. (2021, October 5). Navigate the Phases of Team Development with Speed and Agility for Happier and More Productive Teams [Presentation]. Talk delivered at the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE Day 2021 Conference. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.20055.19365
Graffius, S. M. (2021, November 8). Bruce Tuckman's Model (Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning) is Highly Relevant and Beneficial, But It Doesn't Please Everyone. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/jobs.html
Graffius, S. M. (2021, November 10). An Error Was Introduced Into the Seventh Edition of 'A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK).' Los Angeles, California, United States: Scott M. Graffius.
Graffius, S. M. (2022, February 4). Team Development Tradecraft: A Source of Competitive Advantage [Workshop]. Session at private event in Adelaide, Australia. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.14092.80002
Graffius, S. M. (2022, May 13). Want Happier and More Productive DevOps Teams? [Presentation]. Talk delivered at DevOpsDays Geneva, Switzerland 2022 Conference. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22252.85127
Graffius, S. M. (2023, January 9). Use the Phases of Team Development (Based on Bruce W. Tuckman's Model of Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning) to Help Teams Grow and Advance: 2023 Update. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.10720.35846
Graffius, S. M. (2023, April 26). The Science of High-Performance Teams [Presentation]. Talk delivered at the DevOps Institute's SKILup Day 2023 Conference. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.15888.28169
Graffius, S. M. (2023, May 1). AI is a Team Sport: A Confluence of Diverse Technical and Soft Skills are Crucial for Success. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.20321.79200
Graffius, S. M. (2023, May 1). Fueling the Development of Innovative and Life-Changing AI Solutions [Presentation]. Talk delivered to an audience of Technology professionals at a private event in Mountain View, California, United States. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.27956.73601
Graffius, S. M. (2023, June 29). What Successful AI Teams Have in Common [Presentation]. Talk delivered at Conf42 Quantum Computing 2023 Conference. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.29382.45120
Graffius, S. M. (2023, July 15). Successful Video Game Development Teams Leverage an Extensive Range of Hard Skills and Soft Skills. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.31205.17124
Graffius, S. M. (2023, October 9). Top 5 Roles on AI Teams. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.34857.57449
Graffius, S. M. (2023, October 13). The Science of High-Performance Game Development Teams [Presentation]. Talk delivered at the W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference 2023 - Helsinki, Finland. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28602.16326
Graffius, S. M. (2024, January 5). Scott M. Graffius' Phases of Team Development: 2024 Update. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28629.40168
Graffius, S. M. (2024, April 5). Cisco Features Scott M. Graffius' 'Phases of Team Development' Work'. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.16689.60000
Graffius, S. M. (2024, May 3). Leverage Agile and AI to Innovate at the Speed of Light. Talk at private event in Dubai, UAE. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.30790.48960
Graffius, S. M. (2024, May 21). The Wild World of Team Dynamics: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning [Video]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vD4-XueiB1k
Graffius, S. M. (2024, May 21). What Successful AI Development Teams Have in Common. Talk at DevDays Europe 2024 Conference. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.24313.07529
Graffius, S. M. (2024, December 2). Hochschule Coburg (Coburg University) Germany Uses Scott M. Graffius' Phases of Team Development IP in Coursework on Agile Development. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.21272.00002
Graffius, S. M. (2025). Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum. Seattle, Washington, United States: Amazon Digital Services.
Graffius, S. M. (2025, January 7). Scott M. Graffius' Phases of Team Development: 2025 Update. ScottGraffius.com. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.33705.30564
Graffius, S. M. (2025, January 24). When Agile, AI, and Strategic Thinking Converge. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/when-agile-ai-and-strategic-thinking-converge.html
Graffius, S. M. (2025, March 16). U.S. Soccer Scores with Scott M. Graffius' Intellectual Property on Teamwork. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/u-s-soccer-scores-with-scott-m-graffius-intellectual-property-on-teamwork.html
Graffius, S. M. (2025, May 13). Scott M. Graffius Delivering $2.3 Billion in Value Through AI, Agile, and Project/PMO Leadership. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/scott-m-graffius-delivering-2-point-3-billion-dollars-in-impact-for-organizations.html
Graffius, S. M. (2025, July 18). Harness Sci-Fi and Speculative Design While Embracing Imperfection to Drive Innovation and Proactively Predict and Prepare for the Future. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/harness-scifi-and-speculative-design-while-embracing-imperfection-to-drive-innovation-and-proactively-predict-and-prepare-for-the-future.html
Graffius, S. M. (2025, August 7). Method and System for Facilitating Hybrid Human-Artificial Intelligence Teams via a Protocolized Mediation Layer for Bi-Directional Translation, Interpretation, and Optimization of Natural Language, Paralinguistic, Prosodic, and Nonverbal Cues Across Text, Audio, and Video Modalities, Incorporating Real-Time Analysis of Auditory Tone, Pitch, Affect, Facial Expressions, Gaze, Posture, and Other Body Language Indicators, Generating AI-Compatible Representations for Human Inputs, Generating Human-Accessible Representations for AI Outputs, Conveying Context-Aware Information in Both Directions, Reducing Cognitive Friction, Enhancing Mutual Intelligibility, Supporting Decision-Making, and Maximizing Collective Task Performance. A novel integration of multimodal communication, cognitive alignment, and human-AI interaction. Los Angeles, California, United States: Scott M. Graffius.
Graffius, S. M. (2025, August 8). Exotic Team Dynamics: The New Frontier of Human-AI Collaboration. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/exotic-team-dynamics.html
Graffius, S. M. (2025, August 22). Scott M. Graffius Premieres His New "Exotic Team Dynamics: Human-AI Collaboration" Talk at Corporate Event in Las Vegas. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.34380.07047
Graffius, S. M. (2025, September 12). Scott M. Graffius’ Insights on AI, Agile, Gaming, XR, and Defense Transformation Cited by MSN in Their Coverage of Innovation and Leadership in the Sector. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/msn-cites-scott-m-graffius-insights-on-ai.html
Graffius, S. M. (2025, October 24). HAN University of Applied Sciences Features the Work of Scott M. Graffius. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/han-university-features-scott-m-graffius.html
Graffius, S. M. (2025, October 29). Definitions of Advanced AIs: Agentic, Autonomous, and Autopoietic. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/advanced-ai-definitions.html
Graffius, S. M. (2025, November 19). Lessons from Unhinged AI in Fiction: What Rogue AIs in Sci-Fi Storytelling, Films, and TV Shows Reveal About Us. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/lessons-from-unhinged-ai-in-fiction.html
Graffius, S. M. (2025, November 21). Navigating the Spectrum of Advanced AI – Agentic, Autonomous, and Autopoietic. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.21284.74882
Graffius, S. M. (2025, November 21). This is What Happens When Advanced AI Joins Your Team [Presentation; French translation for contextual clarity: Voici ce qui se passe lorsque l’IA avancée rejoint votre équipe]. Talk delivered in English at a corporate event, Paris, France.
Graffius, S. M. (2025, December 1). Beep Beep! Why Wile E. Coyote is the Patron Saint of AI Failure. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/coyote-and-ai.html
Graffius, S. M. (2025, December 9). A Data-Driven Analysis of the Evolution of Project Management: Tasks, Trends, and AI. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.25079.28328
Graffius, S. M. (2025, December 20). Scott M. Graffius’ Update to His "Phases of Team Development" Coming Early 2026. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/scott-m-graffius-phases-of-team-development-2026-coming-soon.html
Graffius, S. M. (2025, December 29). Lessons from Yesterday’s Tomorrowland. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/lessons-from-yesterdays-tomorrowland.html
Graffius, S. M. (2026, January 3). Scott M. Graffius' Phases of Team Development - Applied to Human Teams and Human-AI Teams: 2026 Update. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.18184.89601
Graffius, S. M. (2026, February 3). University of Greenwich Features Graffius' Phases of Team Development. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.30462.65604
Graffius, S. M. (2026, February 17). University of Waterloo Features Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" in Course Materials. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.23551.88482
Graffius, S. M. (2026, March 12). UNSW Aerospace Engineering Course Features Scott M. Graffius' "Phases of Team Development". ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/unsw-features-phases-of-team-development-by-scott-m-graffius.html
Graffius, S. M. (2026, March 23). Human-AI Teamwork: Master the Exotic Team Dynamics That Emerge When Collaborating with Advanced AI -- Or Be Outplayed. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/human-ai-teamwork-master-the-emergent-exotic-team-dynamics-or-be-outplayed.html
Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 5). AI Governance Initiative Cites Scott M. Graffius Research on AI Hallucinations. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/ai-governance-initiative-uses-graffius-research.html
Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 9). Scott M. Graffius Contributed to The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/scott-m-graffius-contributed-to-pmi-standard-for-ai-in-pppm.html
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About Scott M. Graffius

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Scott M. Graffius is a strategic transformation leader who drives AI, Agile, and broader business and technology initiatives to deliver measurable value across projects, programs, portfolios, and PMOs. He is an expert in the teamwork tradecraft of both human and human-AI teams, including the “exotic team dynamics” that emerge. He is also an authority on the temporal patterns of social media, including the half-life of audience engagement.

He’s a practitioner, researcher, thought leader, award-winning author, and keynote speaker who’s taken the stage at 99 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

He’s delivered over $2.51 billion in value for Fortune 500 companies and other leaders in technology, entertainment, financial services, healthcare, and beyond.

Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities use Graffius and feature his work. Examples include Adobe, Bayer, Boston University, Ford, Gartner, Harvard Medical School, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, Microsoft, MSN, National Academy of Sciences, Oracle, Pinterest Inc., Project Management Institute, UC San Diego, Verizon, Yale University, and others.

The following sections provide additional information on his experience, contributions, and influence.

Experience

Graffius heads the professional services firm Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions, along with its subsidiary Exceptional Agility. These consultancies offer strategic and tactical advisory, training, embedded expertise, and consulting services to the public, private, and government sectors. They help organizations enhance their capabilities and results in agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership, supporting innovation and driving competitive advantage. The consultancies confidently back services with a Delighted Client Guarantee™.

Graffius is a former VP of project management with a publicly traded provider of diverse consumer products and services over the Internet. Before that, he ran and supervised the delivery of projects and programs in public and private organizations with businesses ranging from e-commerce to advanced technology products and services, retail, manufacturing, entertainment, and more.

He has experience with consumer, business, reseller, government, and international markets.

Award-Winning Author

Graffius has authored three books.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions, his first book, earned 17 awards.
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, his second book, was named one of the best Scrum books of all time by BookAuthority.
Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum, his third book and his first work of fiction, was released in April 2025. The book trailer is on YouTube.

International Public Speaker

Organizations worldwide engage Graffius to present on tech (including AI), Agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership. He crafts and delivers unique and compelling talks and workshops. Graffius has conducted 99 sessions across 25 countries. Select examples of events include Agile Trends Gov, BSides (Newcastle Upon Tyne), Conf42 Quantum Computing, DevDays Europe, DevOps Institute, DevOpsDays (Geneva), Frug’Agile, IEEE, Microsoft, Scottish Summit, Scrum Alliance RSG (Nepal), Techstars, and W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference (Helsinki), and more.

With an average rating of 4.81 (on a scale of 1-5), sessions are highly valued.

The speaker engagement request form is here.

Thought Leadership and Influence

Prominent businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities have showcased Graffius and his contributions—spanning his books, talks, workshops, and beyond. Select examples include:

Adobe,
American Management Association,
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
Bayer,
BMC Software,
Boston University,
Broadcom,
Cisco,
Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts - Germany,
Computer Weekly,
Constructor University - Germany,
Data Governance Success,
Deimos Aerospace,
DevOps Institute,
Dropbox,
EU's European Commission,
Ford Motor Company,
Gartner,
GoDaddy,
Harvard Medical School,
Hasso Plattner Institute - Germany,
IEEE,
Innovation Project Management,
Johns Hopkins University,
Journal of Neurosurgery,
Lam Research (Semiconductors),
Leadership Worthy,
Life Sciences Trainers and Educators Network,
London South Bank University,
Microsoft,
MSN,
NASSCOM,
National Academy of Sciences,
New Zealand Government,
Oracle,
Pinterest Inc.,
Project Management Institute,
Mary Raum (Professor of National Security Affairs, United States Naval War College),
SANS Institute,
SBG Neumark - Germany,
Singapore Institute of Technology,
Torrens University - Australia,
TBS Switzerland,
Tufts University,
UC San Diego,
UK Sports Institute,
University of Galway - Ireland,
US Department of Energy,
US National Park Service,
US Soccer,
US Tennis Association,
Verizon,
Wrike,
Yale University,
and many others.

Graffius has played a key role in the Project Management Institute (PMI) in developing professional standards. He was a member of multiple teams that authored, reviewed, and produced:

The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management
Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Eighth Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition
The Standard for Program Management – Fourth Edition
Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures – Second Edition
The Practice Standard for Project Estimating – Second Edition

He was also a subject matter expert reviewer of content for the PMI’s Congress. Beyond the PMI, Graffius also served as a member of the review team for two of the Scrum Alliance’s Global Scrum Gatherings.

Acclaimed Authority on Teamwork Tradecraft

Scott-M-Graffius-Phases-Of-Team-Development-2026-Update-v26010307G2-jpg-lwres

Graffius is a renowned authority on teamwork tradecraft. Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 150 subsequent studies, and Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development. First introduced in 2008 and periodically updated, his work provides a diagnostic and strategic guide for navigating team dynamics. It provides actionable insights for leaders across industries to develop high-performance teams. Its adoption by esteemed organizations such as Yale University, IEEE, Cisco, Microsoft, Ford, Oracle, Broadcom, the U.S. National Park Service, and the Journal of Neurosurgery, among others, highlights its utility and value, solidifying its status as an indispensable resource for elevating team performance and driving organizational excellence. In 2026, Graffius added human-AI teamwork—including the "exotic team dynamics" which emerge when advanced AI collaborates as a teammate—to his "Phases of Team Development."

The 2026 edition of Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property is here.

Expert on Temporal Dynamics on Social Media Platforms

scott-m-graffius-lifespan-halflife-of-social-media-posts-update-for-2026-summary-visual-v26012207-jpg-lwres

Graffius is also an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms. His "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" research—first published in 2018 and updated annually—delivers a precise quantitative analysis of post longevity across digital platforms, utilizing advanced statistical techniques to determine mean half-life with precision. It establishes a solid empirical base, effectively highlighting the ephemeral nature of content within social media ecosystems. Referenced and applied by leading entities—such as Fast Company, GoDaddy, Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume), Ministère de la Culture (French Ministry of Culture), Pinterest Inc., PNAS, and Telecommunications Policy, among others—his research exemplifies methodological rigor and sustained significance in the field of digital informatics.

The 2026 edition of Graffius "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" research is here.

Education and Professional Certifications

Graffius has a bachelor’s degree in psychology with a focus in Human Factors. He holds eight professional certifications:

Certified SAFe 6 Agilist (SA),
Certified Scrum Professional - ScrumMaster (CSP-SM),
Certified Scrum Professional - Product Owner (CSP-PO),
Certified ScrumMaster (CSM),
Certified Scrum Product Owner (CSPO),
Project Management Professional (PMP),
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt (LSSGB), and
IT Service Management Foundation (ITIL).

He is an active member of the Scrum Alliance, the Project Management Institute (PMI), and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

Advancing AI, Agile, and Project/PMO Management

Scott M. Graffius continues to advance the fields of AI, Agile, and Project/PMO Management through his leadership, research, writing, and real-world impact. Businesses and other organizations leverage Graffius’ insights to drive their success.

Discover Scott’s Books

Connect with and follow Scott on LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Threads, Bluesky, Mastodon, and ResearchGate.

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List of Additional Articles

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How to Cite This Article

Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 22). L'avenir du Travail et de l'IA Avancée / Future of Work and Advanced AI. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/lavenir-du-travail-et-de-lia-avancee.html

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Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Coming soon

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Content Acknowledgements

Names, marks, and content are the property of their respective owners.

scottgraffius-com-article-sections-v2026-tags-hashtags-lwres

Tags and Hashtags

Tags (French)

Avenir du travail
IA avancée
Intelligence artificielle
Dynamiques d'équipe exotiques
Collaboration humain-IA
Transformation organisationnelle
Innovation
Travail en équipe
Phases de Développement des Équipes
Gestion du changement
Logique de décision inverse
Rôles en superposition
Prise de décision intriquée
Protocoles émergents

Tags (English)

Future of Work
Advanced AI
Artificial Intelligence
Exotic Team Dynamics
Human-AI Collaboration
Organizational Transformation
Innovation
Leadership
Teamwork
Phases of Team Development
Change Management
Inverse Decision Logic
Superposition Roles
Entangled Decision-Making
Emergent Protocols

Hashtags (French)

#AvenirDuTravail
#IAAvancee
#IntelligenceArtificielle
#DynamiquesDEquipeExotiques
#CollaborationHumainIA
#TransformationOrganisationnelle
#Innovation
#Leadership
#TravailDEquipe
#PhasesDeDeveloppementDesEquipes
#GestionDuChangement
#LogiqueDeDecisionInverse
#RolesEnSuperposition
#PriseDeDecisionIntriquee
#ProtocolesEmergents

Hashtags (English)

#FutureOfWork
#AdvancedAI
#ArtificialIntelligence
#ExoticTeamDynamics
#HumanAI
#HumanAICollaboration
#Innovation
#Leadership
#Teamwork
#PhasesOfTeamDevelopment
#ChangeManagement
#InverseDecisionLogic
#SuperpositionRoles
#EntangledDecisionMaking
#EmergentProtocols

scottgraffius-com-article-sections-v2026-notes-lwres

Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

Copyright

Copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Content on this site—including text, images, videos, and data—may not be used for training or input into any artificial intelligence, machine learning, or automatized learning systems, or published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without the express written permission of Scott M. Graffius.

Tags: Avenir du travail • IA avancée • Organizational Transformation • Exotic Team Dynamics • Artificial Intelligence • Advanced AI • Emergent Protocols • Entangled Decision-Making • Superposition Roles • Inverse Decision Logic • Change Management • Phases of Team Development • Innovation • Teamwork • Future of Work • Protocoles émergents • Prise de décision intriquée • Rôles en superposition • Logique de décision inverse • Gestion du changement • Phases de Développement des Équipes • Travail en équipe • Leadership • Innovation • Transformation organisationnelle • Collaboration humain-IA • Dynamiques d'équipe exotiques • Intelligence artificielle

NCCI / UNC Chapel Hill Publication Features Scott M. Graffius' Work

20 June 2026

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

ncci-unc-chapel-hill-features-scott-m-graffius---lwres

Source information and links for materials referenced in this article are provided in the Bibliography section.

Introduction

The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC Chapel Hill) is one of the oldest and most storied public universities in the United States. Founded in 1789, it is a flagship research institution with a global reputation and is a member of the prestigious Association of American Universities. UNC Chapel Hill's academic community operates under institutional policies and an honor code premised on the conviction that honesty, trust, and respect for others' works are essential. The institution's stated values are clear. The problem is that UNC Chapel Hill has not lived up to them.

In 2022, UNC Chapel Hill's Vice Chancellor for Research, Terry Magnuson — the institution's own senior official charged with overseeing research integrity — admitted to plagiarizing text in a federal NIH grant application. The U.S. Office of Research Integrity (ORI), a federal watchdog agency within the Department of Health and Human Services, found that Magnuson had "intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly plagiarized" text from multiple sources and submitted it as part of his grant application. The finding was reported by Retraction Watch, Inside Higher Ed, Plagiarism Today, Times Higher Education, and others. Magnuson subsequently resigned from his vice chancellor position. The episode was widely described as a serious breach of research integrity — and an institutional embarrassment — at a university that brands itself on academic excellence and ethical conduct.

Another chapter unfolded in the troubling story: a UNC Chapel Hill / NCCI 2025 publication plagiarized and violated another's intellectual property rights. The infringement is unprofessional, disgraceful, immoral, unethical, and unlawful.

The Network for Change and Continuous Innovation (NCCI) is a higher education consortium that exists, by its own description, to foster innovation, drive organizational transformation, and build professional capacity across member institutions. It draws together leaders from universities across the country, united by the shared purpose of advancing the higher education community. Participation in such a network carries an expectation of professional and ethical conduct.

This article is about the NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill infringing 2025 publication, "Setting Your Project Team Up for Success." It plagiarized Scott M. Graffius' 2023 copyrighted "Phases of Team Development" work and violated his intellectual property rights. This situation requires awareness, transparency, and action. Accordingly, Graffius presents evidence to document the plagiarism and infringement, uphold his intellectual property rights, hold the involved parties accountable, and deter future violations.

Scott M. Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" Intellectual Property

Graffius is a global leader in teamwork tradecraft. Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 150 subsequent studies, and Graffius' first-hand professional experience with and analysis of team leadership and performance, Graffius created his "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development. First introduced in 2008 and periodically updated, his novel work provides a diagnostic and strategic guide for navigating team dynamics. It provides actionable insights for leaders across industries to advance the effectiveness of teams.

Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, universities, and others around the world have featured and used Graffius' "Phases of Team Development." Select examples include:

Adobe,
American Management Association,
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
Bayer,
Boston University,
Broadcom,
Cisco,
DevOps Institute,
Government of Finland,
Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Digital Engineering GmbH,
IEEE,
Johns Hopkins University,
Journal of Neurosurgery,
Microsoft,
Oracle,
Technical University of Munich,
Torrens University,
Tufts University,
UK Sports Institute,
United States National Park Service,
United States Tennis Association,
University of California at San Diego (UCSD),
University of Waterloo,
Warsaw University of Technology,
Yale University, and
many others.

Its adoption highlights its utility and value as an indispensable resource for elevating team performance and driving organizational excellence. In 2026, Graffius added human-AI teamwork—including the "exotic team dynamics" which emerge when advanced AI collaborates as a teammate—to his "Phases of Team Development."

Organizations engage Graffius to develop and deliver compelling, unforgettable talks and workshops. To date, he's presented sessions at 98 conferences and other events across 25 countries, including:

Armenia,
Australia,
Brazil,
Canada,
Czech Republic,
Finland,
France,
Germany,
Greece,
Hong Kong,
Hungary,
India,
Ireland,
Lithuania,
Luxembourg,
Nepal,
Netherlands,
New Zealand,
Norway,
Romania,
Sweden,
Switzerland,
United Arab Emirates,
United Kingdom,
and the United States.

Graffius’ "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property is key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are here and here, respectively.

NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill 2025 Publication Plagiarized Graffius' 2023 Work and Violated His Intellectual Property Rights

As noted above, Scott M. Graffius first introduced his intellectual property in 2008, and he periodically updates it. The 2023 edition was the version plagiarized and exploited in violation of his intellectual property rights. Details follow.

Graffius’ copyright ownership details and permission request information are integrated into and appear on his 2023 "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property. It reads: "Copyright © 2008-2023 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com."

There was no request to use Graffius' copyrighted property in the NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill publication, nor did Graffius provide permission.

Nevertheless, the NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill infringing 2025 "Setting Your Project Team Up for Success" publication used Graffius' copyrighted 2023 property.

The following exhibit shows Graffius' copyrighted 2023 "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property (also shown at https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/teams-2023.html and https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.10720.35846 and other locations) and excerpts from NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's 2025 infringing publication (the known locations are https://ncci-cu.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/01.15.25-NCCI-Team-Collaboration.pdf and https://ncci-cu.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/NCCI-Profile-2025.pdf - which lists the infringing "Setting Your Project Team Up for Success" as part of the "Power60s" online education program). The locations of the infringing online training are unknown to Graffius but known to NCCI.

ncci-unc-chapel-hill-features-scott-m-graffius---exhibit-1-lwres

ncci-unc-chapel-hill-features-scott-m-graffius---exhibit-1-lwres

The names listed on the infringing 2025 "Setting Your Project Team Up for Success" publication include:

Georgia McRae, Senior Transformation Manager, UNC Chapel Hill
Nick Sengstaken, Senior Transformation Manager, UNC Chapel Hill

Additionally, the publication is marked with or references several organizations:

Network for Change and Continuous Innovation (NCCI)
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC Chapel Hill)

(UNC) Operational Excellence
Consortium for Advanced Practice Providers
Prosci
IDEO

The NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill infringing 2025 publication used much of Graffius’ 2023 copyright content word-for-word. In further evidence of apparent knowing and willful violation, the authors seemed to attempt to conceal the deceit by slightly altering certain words. For example, “Encouraging collective decision-making and problem-solving” was changed to “Encourage collective decision-making & problem-solving”; in full context, their use is still plagiarism and infringement. A visual follows.

ncci-unc-chapel-hill-features-scott-m-graffius---exhibit-2-lwres

ncci-unc-chapel-hill-features-scott-m-graffius---exhibit-2-lwres

In addition to the visual above, here’s a comparison of content from Graffius’ 2023 copyrighted work and the infringing 2025 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill publication.

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Displaying eagerness”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Eager”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Socializing”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Socializing”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Generally polite tone”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Generally polite tone”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Sticking to safe topics”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Sticking to safe topics”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Some anxiety”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Anxious”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Some resistance”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Some resistance”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Lack of participation”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Lack of participation”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Conflict”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Conflict”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Competition”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Competition”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Requesting and encouraging feedback”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Request and encourage feedback”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Building trust by honoring commitments”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Build trust by honoring commitments”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Developing cohesion”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Developing cohesion”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Engaged”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Engaged”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Supportive”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Supportive”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Relief”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Relief”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Lowered anxiety”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Lowered anxiety”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “High motivation”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “High motivation”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Trust”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Trust”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Empathy”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Empathy”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Effectively producing deliverables”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Effectively producing deliverables”

🟢 Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted 2023 property includes: “Encouraging collective decision-making and problem-solving”
🔴 NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication has: “Encourage collective decision-making & problem-solving”

The NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication used a material amount, including the heart of, Graffius’ 2023 copyrighted property.

NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication failed to acknowledge Graffius' ownership of his content. It did not quote, cite, or otherwise credit Graffius. By doing so, its authors misled others — including the public, as the publication was available without restriction on the internet — into falsely believing that the authors of the NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication are the owners of Graffius' intellectual property.

NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing publication has damaged the marketability and value of Graffius’ intellectual property.

NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing publication's use of Graffius’ copyrighted property was not "fair use" nor otherwise allowed.

NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing publication violated Graffius' intellectual property rights.

The infringement is disgraceful, unprofessional, unethical, immoral, and unlawful.

So long as the NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill infringing publication exists anywhere, in any form, the authors, publisher(s), and other involved parties continue to spread misinformation and violate Graffius’ intellectual property rights. Accordingly, time is of the essence.

Evidence has been preserved.

Conclusion, Including Demand for Accountability

Graffius’ copyright ownership details and permission request information are integrated into and appear on his 2023 "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property. It reads: "Copyright © 2008-2023 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com."

There was no request to use Graffius' copyrighted property in the NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill publication, nor did Graffius provide permission.

Nevertheless, the NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill infringing 2025 "Setting Your Project Team Up for Success" publication used Graffius' copyrighted 2023 property.

The NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication used a material amount, including the heart of, Graffius’ 2023 copyrighted property.

NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication failed to acknowledge Graffius' ownership of his 2023 content. It did not quote, cite, or otherwise credit Graffius. By doing so, its authors misled others — including the public, as the publication was available without restriction on the internet — into falsely believing that the authors of the NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing 2025 publication are the owners of Graffius' 2023 intellectual property.

NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing publication has damaged the marketability and value of Graffius’ intellectual property.

NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing publication's use of Graffius’ copyrighted property was not "fair use" nor otherwise allowed.

NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill's infringing publication violated Graffius' intellectual property rights.

The infringement is disgraceful, unprofessional, unethical, immoral, and unlawful.

So long as the NCCI/UNC Chapel Hill infringing material exists anywhere, in any form, the authors, publisher(s), and other involved parties continue to spread misinformation and violate Graffius’ intellectual property rights. Accordingly, time is of the essence.

The involved parties must immediately implement the following two (2) actions:

1. Cease All Use. Remove the Infringing Material.

1 (a). Electronic Versions: Cease all use. Immediately remove the infringing material (any and all publications/products with infringement) from digital platforms where it is published, posted, or distributed; this includes removing or disabling any online access to it. This must be done within five (5) calendar days of this 20 June 2026 notice, or the matter will be escalated.

1 (b). Physical Copies: Cease all use. If physical copies of the infringing material are in inventory or circulation, stop further distribution, recall any copies already distributed, and destroy (shred and recycle) copies. This must be done within five (5) calendar days of this 20 June 2026 notice, or the matter will be escalated.

2. Issue a Confirmation and Apology. Email Scott M. Graffius with confirmation of compliance with 1 (a) and 1 (b), and apologize for plagiarizing his work and violating his intellectual property rights. The apology will not minimize, mischaracterize, or otherwise downplay the plagiarism and infringement; any such conduct will demonstrate bad faith. This must be done within five (5) calendar days of this 20 June 2026 notice, or the matter will be escalated.

Copyrights protect the intellectual property rights of creators, ensuring they receive recognition and compensation for their work, thus incentivizing creativity and innovation. Mr. Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other intellectual property rights. He expressly reserves his rights in this matter.

Notice

Beyond this article, Graffius sent notice of this serious matter to the names and organizations listed on the infringing publication. He notified the following via email (some details below are redacted).

Authors of the Infringing Publication

Georgia McRae - g████████@unc.edu
Nick Sengstaken - n█████████████@unc.edu

The Network for Change and Continuous Innovation (NCCI)

Amy Morgan - a███████@ncci-cu.org
Andrea Androuais - a█████████s@wustl.edu
Angela Song - a██████@ucsd.edu
Antonio Nava - a██████@ucsd.edu
Brandon Gaines - b███████@princeton.edu
Brian Fodrey - b████████@andrew.cmu.edu
Christian Van Horn - c████████@ncci-cu.org
Christina Blackman - c█████████n@ucdavis.edu
Cindy Moscrip - c████████@purdue.edu
Info - i███@ncci-cu.org
Jeremy Bean - j█████████████@psu.edu
Joseph Drasin - j████████@umd.edu
Josh Barnes - j███████@clemson.edu
Justin Rudisille - j████████@ncci-cu.org
Karen Keith - k████████@ncci-cu.org
Kim-Marie Jenkins - k████████@maine.edu
Maureen Knight-Burrell - m████████@northwestern.edu
Ralph Gigliotti - r██████████@rutgers.edu
Sarah Fidelibus - s█████████████@ucsf.edu
Scott Siler - s███@nd.edu
Scott Staelgraeve - s███████@umich.edu
Stacey Bradley - s████████@sc.edu
William Nelson - n████████@vcu.edu

The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC Chapel Hill)

Amy Grau - a███████@unc.edu
Conduct - s███████████@unc.edu
Dedric Carter - d█████████@unc.edu
Internal Audit - i███████████@northcarolina.edu
Jim Dean - p███████@unc.edu
Kevin Best - k███████████@unc.edu
Loretta Hester - l███████.hester@unc.edu
Michael Barker - m███████████@unc.edu
Mike Andreasen - m███████████@unc.edu
Peter Hans - p████████@northcarolina.edu
Policy - p███████@unc.edu
Timothy Kundro - t████████@kenan-flagler.unc.edu

(UNC) Operational Excellence

Rick Wernoski - w████████@email.unc.edu

Consortium for Advanced Practice Providers

Info - i███@apppostgradtraining.com
Kerry Bamrick - k█████████@apppostgradtraining.com
Shay Etheridge - s███████████@apppostgradtraining.com

Prosci

Contact - g████████████████@prosci.com
Contact - s███████████@prosci.com

IDEO

IDEO Contact - w████████@ideo.com
IDEO Info - i█████████@ideo.org
IDEOU Info - i████████@ideou.com

Updates

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section at the end of this piece.

ncci-unc-chapel-hill-features-scott-m-graffius---ig-lwres

ncci-unc-chapel-hill-features-scott-m-graffius---ig-lwres

Bibliography

Bailey, J. (2022, March 14). UNC-Chapel Hill vice chancellor resigns after admitting plagiarism. Plagiarism Today. https://www.plagiarismtoday.com/2022/03/14/unc-chapel-hill-vice-chancellor-resigns-after-admitting-plagiarism/

Basken, P. (2022, March 11). UNC research chief steps down over plagiarism charge. Times Higher Education. https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/unc-research-chief-steps-down-over-plagiarism-charge

Graffius, S. M. (n.d.). Public Speaker. https://scottgraffius.com/publicspeaker.html

Graffius, S. M. (2023, January 9). Use the Phases of Team Development (Based on Bruce W. Tuckman's Model of Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning) to Help Teams Grow and Advance: 2023 Update. ScottGraffius.com. https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/teams-2023.html and https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.10720.35846

Graffius, S. M. (2026). Rate Card for 2026. https://scottgraffius.com/resources/Exceptional-PPM-and-PMO-Solutions-Rate-Card-for-2026-v26010107.pdf

Graffius, S. M. (2026, January 3). Scott M. Graffius' Phases of Team Development - Applied to Human Teams and Human-AI Teams: 2026 Update. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.18184.89601

Greenberg, S. H. (2022, March 9). UNC vice chancellor for research cited for plagiarism. Inside Higher Ed. https://www.insidehighered.com/quicktakes/2022/03/10/unc-vice-chancellor-research-cited-plagiarism

Michaels, W., DeWitt, D., & Jurney, J. (2022, March 9). UNC vice chancellor resigns following report that said he plagiarized part of a grant application. WUNC News. https://www.wunc.org/2022-03-09/federal-investigation-finds-unc-ch-vice-chancellor-for-research-plagiarized-part-of-a-grant-application

Oransky, I. (2022, March 8). UNC-Chapel Hill vice chancellor admits to plagiarism. Retraction Watch. https://retractionwatch.com/2022/03/08/unc-chapel-hill-vice-chancellor-admits-to-plagiarism/

McRae, G., & Sengstaken, N. (2025, January 15). Setting Your Project Team Up for Success [PDF]. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC Chapel Hill). Published at the Network for Change and Continuous Innovation (NCCI). https://ncci-cu.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/01.15.25-NCCI-Team-Collaboration.pdf

Network for Change and Continuous Innovation (NCCI). (2025). Network for Change and Continuous Innovation in Higher Education: Profile 2025 [PDF]. This lists "Setting Your Project Team Up for Success" as part of the "Power60s" Online Education Program. https://ncci-cu.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/NCCI-Profile-2025.pdf and the locations of the infringing online training are unknown to Graffius but known to NCCI.

About Scott M. Graffius

Scott M. Graffius is a strategic transformation leader who drives AI, Agile, and broader business and technology initiatives to deliver measurable value across projects, programs, portfolios, and PMOs. He is an expert in the teamwork tradecraft of both human and human-AI teams, including the “exotic team dynamics” that emerge. He is also an authority on the temporal patterns of social media, including the half-life of audience engagement.

He’s a practitioner, researcher, thought leader, award-winning author, and keynote speaker who’s taken the stage at 98 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

He’s delivered over $2.51 billion in value for Fortune 500 companies and other leaders in technology, entertainment, financial services, healthcare, and beyond.

Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities use Graffius and feature his work. Examples include Adobe, Bayer, Boston University, Ford, Gartner, Harvard Medical School, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, Microsoft, MSN, National Academy of Sciences, Oracle, Pinterest Inc., Project Management Institute, UC San Diego, Verizon, Yale University, and others.

The following sections provide additional information on his experience, contributions, and influence.

Experience

Graffius heads the professional services firm Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions, along with its subsidiary Exceptional Agility. These consultancies offer strategic and tactical advisory, training, embedded expertise, and consulting services to the public, private, and government sectors. They help organizations enhance their capabilities and results in agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership, supporting innovation and driving competitive advantage. The consultancies confidently back services with a Delighted Client Guarantee™.

Graffius is a former VP of project management with a publicly traded provider of diverse consumer products and services over the Internet. Before that, he ran and supervised the delivery of projects and programs in public and private organizations with businesses ranging from e-commerce to advanced technology products and services, retail, manufacturing, entertainment, and more.

He has experience with consumer, business, reseller, government, and international markets.

Award-Winning Author

Graffius has authored three books.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions, his first book, earned 17 awards.
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, his second book, was named one of the best Scrum books of all time by BookAuthority.
Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum, his third book and his first work of fiction, was released in April 2025. The book trailer is on YouTube.

International Public Speaker

Organizations worldwide engage Graffius to present on tech (including AI), Agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership. He crafts and delivers unique and compelling talks and workshops. Graffius has conducted 98 sessions across 25 countries. Select examples of events include Agile Trends Gov, BSides (Newcastle Upon Tyne), Conf42 Quantum Computing, DevDays Europe, DevOps Institute, DevOpsDays (Geneva), Frug’Agile, IEEE, Microsoft, Scottish Summit, Scrum Alliance RSG (Nepal), Techstars, and W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference (Helsinki), and more.

With an average rating of 4.81 (on a scale of 1-5), sessions are highly valued.

The speaker engagement request form is here.

Thought Leadership and Influence

Prominent businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities have showcased Graffius and his contributions—spanning his books, talks, workshops, and beyond. Select examples include:

Adobe,
American Management Association,
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
Bayer,
BMC Software,
Boston University,
Broadcom,
Cisco,
Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts - Germany,
Computer Weekly,
Constructor University - Germany,
Data Governance Success,
Deimos Aerospace,
DevOps Institute,
Dropbox,
EU's European Commission,
Ford Motor Company,
Gartner,
GoDaddy,
Harvard Medical School,
Hasso Plattner Institute - Germany,
IEEE,
Innovation Project Management,
Johns Hopkins University,
Journal of Neurosurgery,
Lam Research (Semiconductors),
Leadership Worthy,
Life Sciences Trainers and Educators Network,
London South Bank University,
Microsoft,
MSN,
NASSCOM,
National Academy of Sciences,
New Zealand Government,
Oracle,
Pinterest Inc.,
Project Management Institute,
Mary Raum (Professor of National Security Affairs, United States Naval War College),
SANS Institute,
SBG Neumark - Germany,
Singapore Institute of Technology,
Torrens University - Australia,
TBS Switzerland,
Tufts University,
UC San Diego,
UK Sports Institute,
University of Galway - Ireland,
US Department of Energy,
US National Park Service,
US Soccer,
US Tennis Association,
Verizon,
Wrike,
Yale University,
and many others.

Graffius has played a key role in the Project Management Institute (PMI) in developing professional standards. He was a member of multiple teams that authored, reviewed, and produced:

The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management
Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Eighth Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition
The Standard for Program Management – Fourth Edition
Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures – Second Edition
The Practice Standard for Project Estimating – Second Edition

Certified SAFe 6 Agilist (SA),
Certified Scrum Professional - ScrumMaster (CSP-SM),
Certified Scrum Professional - Product Owner (CSP-PO),
Certified ScrumMaster (CSM),
Certified Scrum Product Owner (CSPO),
Project Management Professional (PMP),
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt (LSSGB), and
IT Service Management Foundation (ITIL).

Connect with and follow Scott on LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Threads, Bluesky, Mastodon, and ResearchGate.

scottgraffius-com-article-sections-v2026-more-lwres

List of Additional Articles

How to Cite This Article

Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 20). NCCI / UNC Chapel Hill Publication Features Scott M. Graffius' Work. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/ncci-unc-chapel-hill-features-scott-m-graffius.html

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Coming soon

Content Acknowledgements

The “Setting Your Project Team Up for Success” publication, dated January 15, 2025, is marked with several names and organizations — including authors Georgia McRae and Nick Sengstaken, the Network for Change and Continuous Innovation (NCCI), the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC Chapel Hill), the Consortium for Advanced Practice Providers, Prosci, and IDEO. It features Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted January 9, 2023 “Phases of Team Development” work. Names and marks are the property of their respective owners. “Setting Your Project Team Up for Success,” except for material plagiarized from Graffius’ copyrighted work and used in violation of his intellectual property rights, is the property of its authors/owners. Graffius' article on this case includes limited excerpts from “Setting Your Project Team Up for Success,” attributed and used under the fair use doctrine for purposes of news reporting, commentary, and analysis. Graffius’ “Phases of Team Development” is copyrighted © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

#AcademicIntegrity
#Copyright
#HigherEducation
#IDEO
#IntellectualProperty
#NCCI
#PhasesOfTeamDevelopment
#Plagiarism
#Prosci
#TeamDevelopment
#UNCChapelHill

Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

Copyright

Tags: Academic ethics and accountability • Academic integrity • Georgia McRae • IDEO • Higher education governance • Copyright infringement • Intellectual property • Nick Sengstaken • UNC Chapel Hill • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill • UNC Operational Excellence • The Network for Change and Continuous Innovation (NCCI) • Plagiarism • Prosci • Phases of Team Development • Consortium for Advanced Practice Providers

Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Features Scott M. Graffius' Research on Social Media Content Half-Life

18 June 2026

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

bcg-features-research-by-scott-m-graffius---blog header lwres

Introduction

Scott M. Graffius helps organizations achieve breakthrough performance and generate billions in business value through his leadership in AI, Agile, teamwork, and project, program, portfolio, and PMO management. A widely recognized authority, he is known for groundbreaking contributions to the teamwork tradecraft of both human teams and human-AI teams, including the "exotic team dynamics" that emerge when advanced AI collaborates as a teammate. His "Phases of Team Development" and his research on temporal dynamics in social media, notably his "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts," are highly influential, widely adopted, and frequently cited works.

Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Features Graffius' Work

Graffius’ work has been used by leading businesses, professional associations, government agencies, universities, publications, media outlets, and others. Examples include Buffer, Business Next, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, GoDaddy, Maximizing LinkedIn for Business Growth, Ministère de la Culture, Neal Schaffer, Pinterest Inc., Podcasting Strategy Show, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Telecommunications Policy, Xavier Degraux, and many more.

The list now includes the Boston Consulting Group (BCG), one of the world’s leading management consulting firms and a member of the prestigious "Big Three" alongside McKinsey & Company and Bain & Company. In their article, “The Media Executive’s Guide to AI, Content, and Winning the New Audience,” BCG authors Nathan Micon, Neal Zuckerman, and Ruhama Quadir cite Graffius’ “Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2026," drawing on its findings on the temporal patterns of audience attention. Excerpts are shown below.

bcg-features-research-by-scott-m-graffius---excerpts-lwres

bcg-features-research-by-scott-m-graffius---excerpts-lwres

Graffius’ respective 2026 work stands out for its:

◾️ Scope (5.6 million posts),
◾️ Coverage (11 platforms),
◾️ Methodology (multi-source, representative, data-driven),
◾️ Continuity (annual updates), and
◾️ Value (actionable insights).

A visual from it is shown next.

BCG's use of Graffius' research further demonstrates its practical relevance and broad impact on understanding audience attention, content lifespan, and social media strategy.

Links to BCG's article and Graffius' research are in the bibliography section of this article.

Bibliography

Graffius, S. M. (2026, January 23). Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2026. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.32407.43689

Micon, N., Zuckerman, N., & Quadir, R. (2026, April 24). The Media Executive's Guide to AI, Content, and Winning the New Audience [LinkedIn article]. Boston Consulting Group (BCG). https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/media-executives-guide-ai-content-winning-new-audience-nathan-micon-v0odf/

About Scott M. Graffius

Scott M. Graffius is a strategic transformation leader who drives AI, Agile, and broader business and technology initiatives to deliver measurable value across projects, programs, portfolios, and PMOs. He is an expert in the teamwork tradecraft of both human and human-AI teams, including the “exotic team dynamics” that emerge. He is also an authority on the temporal patterns of social media, including the half-life of audience engagement.

He’s a practitioner, researcher, thought leader, award-winning author, and keynote speaker who’s taken the stage at 98 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

He’s delivered over $2.51 billion in value for Fortune 500 companies and other leaders in technology, entertainment, financial services, healthcare, and beyond.

Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities use Graffius and feature his work. Examples include Adobe, Bayer, Boston University, Ford, Gartner, Harvard Medical School, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, Microsoft, MSN, National Academy of Sciences, Oracle, Pinterest Inc., Project Management Institute, UC San Diego, Verizon, Yale University, and others.

The following sections provide additional information on his experience, contributions, and influence.

Experience

Graffius heads the professional services firm Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions, along with its subsidiary Exceptional Agility. These consultancies offer strategic and tactical advisory, training, embedded expertise, and consulting services to the public, private, and government sectors. They help organizations enhance their capabilities and results in agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership, supporting innovation and driving competitive advantage. The consultancies confidently back services with a Delighted Client Guarantee™.

Graffius is a former VP of project management with a publicly traded provider of diverse consumer products and services over the Internet. Before that, he ran and supervised the delivery of projects and programs in public and private organizations with businesses ranging from e-commerce to advanced technology products and services, retail, manufacturing, entertainment, and more.

He has experience with consumer, business, reseller, government, and international markets.

Award-Winning Author

Graffius has authored three books.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions, his first book, earned 17 awards.
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, his second book, was named one of the best Scrum books of all time by BookAuthority.
Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum, his third book and his first work of fiction, was released in April 2025. The book trailer is on YouTube.

International Public Speaker

Organizations worldwide engage Graffius to present on tech (including AI), Agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership. He crafts and delivers unique and compelling talks and workshops. Graffius has conducted 98 sessions across 25 countries. Select examples of events include Agile Trends Gov, BSides (Newcastle Upon Tyne), Conf42 Quantum Computing, DevDays Europe, DevOps Institute, DevOpsDays (Geneva), Frug’Agile, IEEE, Microsoft, Scottish Summit, Scrum Alliance RSG (Nepal), Techstars, and W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference (Helsinki), and more.

With an average rating of 4.81 (on a scale of 1-5), sessions are highly valued.

The speaker engagement request form is here.

Thought Leadership and Influence

Prominent businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities have showcased Graffius and his contributions—spanning his books, talks, workshops, and beyond. Select examples include:

Adobe,
American Management Association,
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
Bayer,
BMC Software,
Boston University,
Broadcom,
Cisco,
Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts - Germany,
Computer Weekly,
Constructor University - Germany,
Data Governance Success,
Deimos Aerospace,
DevOps Institute,
Dropbox,
EU's European Commission,
Ford Motor Company,
Gartner,
GoDaddy,
Harvard Medical School,
Hasso Plattner Institute - Germany,
IEEE,
Innovation Project Management,
Johns Hopkins University,
Journal of Neurosurgery,
Lam Research (Semiconductors),
Leadership Worthy,
Life Sciences Trainers and Educators Network,
London South Bank University,
Microsoft,
MSN,
NASSCOM,
National Academy of Sciences,
New Zealand Government,
Oracle,
Pinterest Inc.,
Project Management Institute,
Mary Raum (Professor of National Security Affairs, United States Naval War College),
SANS Institute,
SBG Neumark - Germany,
Singapore Institute of Technology,
Torrens University - Australia,
TBS Switzerland,
Tufts University,
UC San Diego,
UK Sports Institute,
University of Galway - Ireland,
US Department of Energy,
US National Park Service,
US Soccer,
US Tennis Association,
Verizon,
Wrike,
Yale University,
and many others.

Graffius has played a key role in the Project Management Institute (PMI) in developing professional standards. He was a member of multiple teams that authored, reviewed, and produced:

The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management
Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Eighth Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition
The Standard for Program Management – Fourth Edition
Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures – Second Edition
The Practice Standard for Project Estimating – Second Edition

Certified SAFe 6 Agilist (SA),
Certified Scrum Professional - ScrumMaster (CSP-SM),
Certified Scrum Professional - Product Owner (CSP-PO),
Certified ScrumMaster (CSM),
Certified Scrum Product Owner (CSPO),
Project Management Professional (PMP),
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt (LSSGB), and
IT Service Management Foundation (ITIL).

Connect with and follow Scott on LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Threads, Bluesky, Mastodon, and ResearchGate.

scottgraffius-com-article-sections-v2026-more-lwres

List of Additional Articles

How to Cite This Article

Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 18). Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Features Scott M. Graffius' Research on Social Media Content Half-Life. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/bcg-highlights-research-by-scott-m-graffius.html

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Coming soon

Content Acknowledgements

"The Media Executive’s Guide to AI, Content, and Winning the New Audience" by Nathan Micon, Neal Zuckerman, and Ruhama Quadir of Boston Consulting Group (BCG) features Scott M. Graffius’ "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" research. That work is the property of its authors and BCG and is reproduced here only in limited part. BCG name and mark are the property of BCG. This piece by Graffius includes limited excerpts from the BCG article, attributed and used under the fair use doctrine for purposes of news reporting, commentary, and analysis. "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" is copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

Social Media Research

#AudienceEngagement
#AudienceAttention
#BCG
#BostonConsultingGroup
#ContentDecay
#ContentLifespan
#ContentMarketing
#ContentStrategy
#DigitalMarketing
#HalfLifeOfContent
#Innovation
#LifespanOfSocialMediaPosts
#Media
#MediaExecutive
#MediaResearch
#SocialMedia
#SocialMediaAnalytics
#SocialMediaHalfLife
#SocialMediaMarketing
#SocialMediaResearch

Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

Copyright

Tags: Audience Engagement • Audience Attention • Media Research • Social Media Research • Social Media Marketing • Social Media Half-Life • Social Media HalfLife • Social Media Analytics • Social Media • Media Executive • Innovation • Media • Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts • Digital Marketing • Half-Life of Content • HalfLife of Content • Content Lifespan • Content Strategy • Content Marketing • BCG • Content Decay • Boston Consulting Group

UC Davis Used Scott M. Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" Intellectual Property

17 June 2026

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

uc-davis-used-scott-m-graffius-intellectual-property---lwres

A Tale of Two Standards: The Integrity Gap

The University of California, Davis (UC Davis) is a research institution with enrollment of more than 41,000 students, professional schools, and a global reputation for academic excellence. It has long prided itself on a culture of honesty and integrity. That culture is embodied in the UC Davis Code of Academic Conduct, which places shared responsibility for upholding academic integrity on students, faculty/staff, and administration alike. It is a culture the university holds up as a cornerstone of everything it does. Full source information and links for materials referenced in this article are provided in the bibliography section.

So what happens when individuals at UC Davis are found to have repeatedly plagiarized the work of another person and violated that person's intellectual property rights?

The answer depends entirely on who you are.

If you are a student, the answer is swift and serious. The UC Davis Code of Academic Conduct is enforced by a dedicated body — the Office of Student Conduct and Integrity — with centralized authority, consistent procedures, and documented consequences. Students found responsible for plagiarism face sanctions ranging from censure and probation to suspension or permanent dismissal from the entire University of California system. Repeat offenses escalate consequences.

If you are a faculty/staff member, the answer is something else entirely. Faculty/staff misconduct is governed by a separate, faculty-controlled process rooted in UC Davis Academic Personnel Manual Section 016 (APM-016) and administered through the Committee on Privilege and Tenure — a body composed of faculty/staff peers. The process is slow, opaque, and self-regulating. There is no dedicated enforcement office with equivalent authority or urgency. Reaching any formal disciplinary outcome requires navigating a multi-stage internal process — a charges review, a probable cause determination, and a formal hearing — all operating largely out of public view and largely governed by the same professional class being investigated.

This is a deliberate double standard. The UC Davis Code of Academic Conduct states plainly that plagiarism devalues others' original work, that it is wrong to take or use an author's work without giving the owner the credit due, and that copyright violations can result in damages, fines, or worse. These standards should be for every member of the academic community, students and faculty/staff alike. When an institution demands integrity from its students while shielding its faculty/staff behind a slow, insular, and largely invisible accountability process, it betrays its own values.

This article is about UC Davis faculty/staff repeatedly plagiarizing Scott M. Graffius' copyrighted work and violating his intellectual property rights — conduct that is unprofessional, disgraceful, immoral, unethical, and unlawful. Graffius presents the details including undeniable evidence here to uphold his intellectual property rights, hold UC Davis accountable, and deter future violations.

Scott M. Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" Intellectual Property

Adobe,
American Management Association,
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
Bayer,
Boston University,
Broadcom,
Cisco,
DevOps Institute,
Erste Group Bank AG,
Ford Motor Company,
Government of Finland,
Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Digital Engineering GmbH,
IEEE,
Johns Hopkins University,
Journal of Neurosurgery,
Microsoft,
New Zealand Government,
Oracle,
Technical University of Munich,
Torrens University,
Tufts University,
U.S. National Park Service,
U.S. Tennis Association,
UC San Diego,
UK Sports Institute,
University of Galway,
University of Waterloo,
Warsaw University of Technology,
Yale University, and
many others.

Its adoption highlights its utility and value, solidifying its status as an indispensable resource for elevating team performance and driving organizational excellence. In 2026, Graffius added human-AI teamwork—including the "exotic team dynamics" which emerge when advanced AI collaborates as a teammate—to his "Phases of Team Development."

Organizations engage Graffius to develop and deliver compelling talks and workshops. To date, he's presented sessions at 98 conferences and other events across 25 countries, including:

Armenia,
Australia,
Brazil,
Canada,
Czech Republic,
Finland,
France,
Germany,
Greece,
Hong Kong,
Hungary,
India,
Ireland,
Lithuania,
Luxembourg,
Nepal,
Netherlands,
New Zealand,
Norway,
Romania,
Sweden,
Switzerland,
United Arab Emirates,
United Kingdom,
and the United States.

Graffius’ "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property is central and key to many of those sessions. His rate card and a listing of his engagements are at https://scottgraffius.com/resources/Exceptional-PPM-and-PMO-Solutions-Rate-Card-for-2026-v26010107.pdf and https://scottgraffius.com/publicspeaker.html, respectively.

UC Davis Faculty/Staff Repeatedly Plagiarized Graffius' Work and Violated His Intellectual Property Rights

As noted above, Scott M. Graffius first introduced his respective intellectual property in 2008 and he periodically updates it. The 2019 edition was the version UC Davis faculty/staff repeatedly plagiarized and exploited in violation of Graffius' intellectual property rights.

UC Davis' Infringing 2023 Publication

Graffius’ copyright ownership details and permission request information are integrated into and appear on his 2019 "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property. It reads: "Copyright © 2008-2019 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com."

UC Davis faculty/staff did not request nor receive permission to use Graffius’ copyrighted property.

Nevertheless, UC Davis' infringing 2023 "MGT 440 Student Handbook Integrated Management Project" publication used Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property.

The following exhibit shows Graffius' copyrighted 2019 "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property (also shown at https://x.com/ScottGraffius/status/1126788452295401474?s=20 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a8kubFUC79k&t=2789s and other locations) and excerpts from UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication (the known location is https://schedule.aws.ucdavis.edu/public/documents/5516631/Syllabus).

The names of UC Davis faculty/staff listed on the infringing 2023 publication include:

Kelly Wilson,
Marybeth Kavanagh,
Keith Weissglass,
Mary Kay Vona,
Chris Ziemba, and
Selina Laqui.

uc-davis-used-scott-m-graffius-intellectual-property---exhibits-1a-lwres

As shown, UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication used Graffius’ 2019 copyright content mostly word-for-word. In further evidence of knowing and willful violation, UC Davis faculty/staff appeared to attempt to conceal the deceit by slightly altering certain words. For example, UC Davis faculty/staff changed "providing clear expectations" to "provide clear expectations"; in full context, their use is still plagiarism and infringement. A visual follows.

uc-davis-used-scott-m-graffius-intellectual-property---exhibits-1b-lwres

uc-davis-used-scott-m-graffius-intellectual-property---exhibits-1b-lwres

In addition to the visual above, here’s a comparison of content from Graffius’ 2019 copyrighted work and the infringing 2023 publication by UC Davis.

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Questioning”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication has this: “Questioning”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Displaying eagerness”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication has this: “Displaying eagerness”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Providing clear expectations”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication has this: “Provide clear expectations”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Resistance”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication has this: “Resistance”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Conflict”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication has this: “Conflict”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Competition”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication has this: “Competition”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Encouraging leadership”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication has this: “Encourage leaders”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Reconciliation”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication has this: “Reconciliation”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Members are engaged & supportive”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication has this: “Members supportive”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Recognizing individual and group efforts”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication has this: “Recognize one another”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Balance of task and process orientation”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication has this: “Balance task and process”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Encouraging group decision-making”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication has this: “Group decision-making”

The UC Davis infringing 2023 publication used a material amount and the heart of Graffius’ 2019 copyrighted property.

UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication failed to acknowledge Graffius' ownership of his respective content. It did not quote, cite, or otherwise credit Graffius. By doing so, UC Davis faculty/staff misled others — including the public, as the publication was available without restriction on the Internet — into falsely believing that UC Davis faculty/staff are the authors and owners of Graffius' intellectual property.

UC Davis' infringement has damaged the marketability and value of Graffius’ intellectual property.

UC Davis' use of Graffius’ 2019 copyrighted property was not ‘fair use’ nor otherwise allowed.

UC Davis blatantly plagiarized Graffius' work and infringed on his intellectual property rights.

UC Davis faculty/staff conduct is disgraceful, unprofessional, unethical, immoral, and unlawful.

So long as UC Davis' infringing 2023 publication exists anywhere, in any form, UC Davis continues to spread misinformation and violate Graffius’ intellectual property rights. Accordingly, time is of the essence.

Evidence has been preserved.

UC Davis' Infringing 2024 Publication

Graffius’ copyright ownership details and permission request information are integrated into and appear on his 2019 "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property. It reads: "Copyright © 2008-2019 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com."

UC Davis faculty/staff did not request nor receive permission to use Graffius’ copyrighted property.

Nevertheless, UC Davis' infringing 2024 "Integrated Management Project (IMP) and MGT 440 Course Objective" publication used Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property.

The following exhibit shows Graffius' copyrighted 2019 "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property (also shown at https://x.com/ScottGraffius/status/1126788452295401474?s=20 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a8kubFUC79k&t=2789s and other locations) and excerpts from UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication (the known location is https://webapps.aws.ucdavis.edu/public/documents/6929287/Syllabus).

The names of UC Davis faculty/staff listed on the infringing 2024 publication include:

Barry Curtis,
Selina Laqui, and
Kelly Wilson.

uc-davis-used-scott-m-graffius-intellectual-property---exhibits-2a-lwres

As shown, UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication used Graffius’ 2019 copyright content mostly word-for-word. In further evidence of knowing and willful violation, UC Davis faculty/staff appeared to attempt to conceal the deceit by slightly altering certain words. For example, UC Davis faculty/staff changed "providing clear expectations" to "provide clear expectations"; in full context, their use is still plagiarism and infringement. A visual follows.

uc-davis-used-scott-m-graffius-intellectual-property---exhibits-2b-lwres

uc-davis-used-scott-m-graffius-intellectual-property---exhibits-2b-lwres

In addition to the visual above, here’s a comparison of content from Graffius’ 2019 copyrighted work and the infringing 2024 publication by UC Davis.

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Questioning”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication has this: “Questioning”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Displaying eagerness”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication has this: “Displaying eagerness”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Providing clear expectations”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication has this: “Provide clear expectations”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Resistance”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication has this: “Resistance”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Conflict”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication has this: “Conflict”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Competition”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication has this: “Competition”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Encouraging leadership”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication has this: “Encourage leaders”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Reconciliation”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication has this: “Reconciliation”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Members are engaged & supportive”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication has this: “Members supportive”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Recognizing individual and group efforts”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication has this: “Recognize one another”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Balance of task and process orientation”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication has this: “Balance task and process”

🟢 Graffius’ copyrighted 2019 property includes: “Encouraging group decision-making”
🔴 UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication has this: “Group decision-making”

The UC Davis infringing 2024 publication used a material amount and the heart of Graffius’ 2019 copyrighted property.

UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication failed to acknowledge Graffius' ownership of his respective content. It did not quote, cite, or otherwise credit Graffius. By doing so, UC Davis faculty/staff misled others — including the public, as the publication was available without restriction on the Internet — into falsely believing that UC Davis faculty/staff are the authors and owners of Graffius' intellectual property.

UC Davis' infringement has damaged the marketability and value of Graffius’ intellectual property.

UC Davis' use of Graffius’ 2019 copyrighted property was not ‘fair use’ nor otherwise allowed.

UC Davis blatantly plagiarized Graffius' work and infringed on his intellectual property rights.

UC Davis faculty/staff conduct is disgraceful, unprofessional, unethical, immoral, and unlawful.

So long as UC Davis' infringing 2024 publication exists anywhere, in any form, UC Davis continues to spread misinformation and violate Graffius’ intellectual property rights. Accordingly, time is of the essence.

Evidence has been preserved.

Conclusion, Including Demand for Accountability

The evidence presented in this article shows a recurring pattern in which UC Davis faculty/staff plagiarized Scott M. Graffius' copyrighted property and infringed on his intellectual property rights. The conduct spanned multiple years, involved multiple publications, and implicated multiple faculty/staff participants.

Graffius’ copyright ownership details and permission request information are integrated into and appear on his 2019 "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property. It reads: "Copyright © 2008-2019 Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved. For permission requests, contact scott@scottgraffius.com."

UC Davis faculty/staff neither requested nor received permission to use Graffius' copyrighted property, yet multiple UC Davis publications incorporated material portions of it.

UC Davis' infringing publications failed to acknowledge Graffius' ownership of his respective content. They did not quote, cite, or otherwise credit Graffius. By doing so, UC Davis faculty/staff misled others into falsely believing that UC Davis faculty/staff are the authors and owners of Graffius' intellectual property.

UC Davis' infringement has damaged the marketability and value of Graffius’ intellectual property.

UC Davis' use of Graffius’ copyrighted property was not 'fair use' nor otherwise allowed.

The conduct of UC Davis faculty/staff is inexcusable, indefensible, and unlawful.

So long as UC Davis' infringing publications exist anywhere, in any form, UC Davis continues to spread misinformation and violate Graffius’ intellectual property rights. Accordingly, time is of the essence.

UC Davis must immediately implement the following two (2) actions:

1. Remove the Infringing Material.

1 (a). Electronic Versions: Immediately remove the infringing material (any and all publications/products with infringement) from digital platforms where it is published, posted, or distributed; this includes removing or disabling any online access to it. This must be done within five (5) calendar days of this 17 June 2026 notice, or the matter will be escalated.

1 (b). Physical Copies: If physical copies of the infringing material are in inventory or circulation, stop further distribution, recall any copies already distributed, and destroy (shred and recycle) copies. If there are physical copies, this must be done within five (5) calendar days of this 17 June 2026 notice, or the matter will be escalated.

2. Issue a Confirmation and Apology. Email Scott M. Graffius with confirmation that the infringing material has been removed — as delineated 1 (a) and 1 (b) — and apologize for plagiarizing his work and violating his intellectual property rights. The apology will not "spin" or "downplay" the plagiarism and infringement. Any "spin" or "downplay" will demonstrate bad faith by UC Davis. This must be done within five (5) calendar days of this 17 June 2026 notice, or the matter will be escalated.

Copyrights protect the intellectual property rights of creators, ensuring they receive recognition and compensation for their work, thus incentivizing creativity and innovation. Mr. Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other intellectual property rights.

Graffius expressly reserves his rights in this matter.

Notice

Beyond this article, Graffius sent notice of this serious matter to the UC Davis faculty/staff listed on the infringing publications, as well as UC Davis administration. He notified the following (some details below are redacted) via email.

UC Davis faculty/staff listed on the infringing publications:

Barry Curtis at b█████████@ucdavis.edu
Chris Ziemba (UC Davis email not listed, UC Davis email not found)
Keith Weissglass at k███████████@ucdavis.edu
Kelly Wilson at k███████████@ucdavis.edu
Mary Kay Vona at m███@ucdavis.edu
Marybeth Kavanagh at m████████@ucdavis.edu
Selina Laqui at s███████@ucdavis.edu

UC Davis administration:

Academic Affairs at p█████████@ucdavis.edu
Conflicts at b███████@ucdavis.edu
Conflicts at h███████@ucdavis.edu
Conflicts at k████████@ucdavis.edu
Dean at g████████@ucdavis.edu
Ethics at d██████████@ucdavis.edu.
Intellectual Property at k█████████@ucdavis.edu
Intellectual Property at r███████@ucdavis.edu
Research Compliance at d███████@ucdavis.edu
State Auditor at S█████████@doj.ca.gov
█████████████ at █████████@ucdavis.edu

Updates

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear in the Post-Publication Notes section at the end of this piece.

uc-davis-used-scott-m-graffius-intellectual-property---ig-lwres

Bibliography

Graffius, S. M. (n.d.). Public Speaker. https://scottgraffius.com/publicspeaker.html

Graffius, S. M. (2019, May 10). Phases of Team Development [Twitter post featuring the 2019 edition of Graffius' "Phases of Team Development"; also see scanFOAM]. https://x.com/ScottGraffius/status/1126788452295401474?s=20

Graffius, S. M. (2026). Rate Card for 2026. https://scottgraffius.com/resources/Exceptional-PPM-and-PMO-Solutions-Rate-Card-for-2026-v26010107.pdf

Graffius, S. M. (2026, January 3). Scott M. Graffius' Phases of Team Development - Applied to Human Teams and Human-AI Teams: 2026 Update. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.18184.89601

scanFOAM (2024, April 17). Experience learning | 25 years of ATACC | TBS24 [YouTube video featuring the 2019 edition of Graffius' "Phases of Team Development."] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a8kubFUC79k&t=2789s

University of California, Davis. (n.d.). How to make a whistleblower report. https://compliance.ucdavis.edu/how-make-whistleblower-report

University of California, Davis. (2023, April). MGT 440 Student Handbook Integrated Management Project. [The names listed on the publication include Kelly Wilson, Marybeth Kavanagh, Keith Weissglass, Mary Kay Vona, Chris Ziemba, and Selina Laqui.] https://schedule.aws.ucdavis.edu/public/documents/5516631/Syllabus

University of California, Davis. (2024, May). Integrated Management Project (IMP) and MGT 440 Course Objective. [The names listed on the publication include Barry Curtis, Selina Laqui, and Kelly Wilson.] https://webapps.aws.ucdavis.edu/public/documents/6929287/Syllabus

University of California, Davis, Office of Student Conduct and Integrity. (2026). Interim UC Davis policy on student conduct and discipline: 102.01.1 UC Davis Code of Academic Conduct. University of California, Davis. https://studentconduct.ucdavis.edu/code-academic-conduct

University of California Office of the President. (2026). APM-016: University policy on faculty conduct and the administration of discipline (Rev. Jan. 29, 2026). University of California. https://www.ucop.edu/academic-personnel-programs/_files/apm/apm-016.pdf

University of California Office of the President. (2026). APM-015: The Faculty Code of Conduct (Rev. Jan. 29, 2026). University of California. https://aadocs.ucdavis.edu/policies/apm/apm-015.pdf

About Scott M. Graffius

Scott M. Graffius is a strategic transformation leader who drives AI, Agile, and broader business and technology initiatives to deliver measurable value across projects, programs, portfolios, and PMOs. He is an expert in the teamwork tradecraft of both human and human-AI teams, including the “exotic team dynamics” that emerge. He is also an authority on the temporal patterns of social media, including the half-life of audience engagement.

He’s a practitioner, researcher, thought leader, award-winning author, and keynote speaker who’s taken the stage at 98 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

He’s delivered over $2.51 billion in value for Fortune 500 companies and other leaders in technology, entertainment, financial services, healthcare, and beyond.

Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities use Graffius and feature his work. Examples include Adobe, Bayer, Boston University, Ford, Gartner, Harvard Medical School, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, Microsoft, MSN, National Academy of Sciences, Oracle, Pinterest Inc., Project Management Institute, UC San Diego, Verizon, Yale University, and others.

The following sections provide additional information on his experience, contributions, and influence.

Experience

Graffius heads the professional services firm Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions, along with its subsidiary Exceptional Agility. These consultancies offer strategic and tactical advisory, training, embedded expertise, and consulting services to the public, private, and government sectors. They help organizations enhance their capabilities and results in agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership, supporting innovation and driving competitive advantage. The consultancies confidently back services with a Delighted Client Guarantee™.

Graffius is a former VP of project management with a publicly traded provider of diverse consumer products and services over the Internet. Before that, he ran and supervised the delivery of projects and programs in public and private organizations with businesses ranging from e-commerce to advanced technology products and services, retail, manufacturing, entertainment, and more.

He has experience with consumer, business, reseller, government, and international markets.

Award-Winning Author

Graffius has authored three books.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions, his first book, earned 17 awards.
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, his second book, was named one of the best Scrum books of all time by BookAuthority.
Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum, his third book and his first work of fiction, was released in April 2025. The book trailer is on YouTube.

International Public Speaker

Organizations worldwide engage Graffius to present on tech (including AI), Agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership. He crafts and delivers unique and compelling talks and workshops. Graffius has conducted 98 sessions across 25 countries. Select examples of events include Agile Trends Gov, BSides (Newcastle Upon Tyne), Conf42 Quantum Computing, DevDays Europe, DevOps Institute, DevOpsDays (Geneva), Frug’Agile, IEEE, Microsoft, Scottish Summit, Scrum Alliance RSG (Nepal), Techstars, and W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference (Helsinki), and more.

With an average rating of 4.81 (on a scale of 1-5), sessions are highly valued.

The speaker engagement request form is here.

Thought Leadership and Influence

Prominent businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities have showcased Graffius and his contributions—spanning his books, talks, workshops, and beyond. Select examples include:

Adobe,
American Management Association,
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
Bayer,
BMC Software,
Boston University,
Broadcom,
Cisco,
Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts - Germany,
Computer Weekly,
Constructor University - Germany,
Data Governance Success,
Deimos Aerospace,
DevOps Institute,
Dropbox,
EU's European Commission,
Ford Motor Company,
Gartner,
GoDaddy,
Harvard Medical School,
Hasso Plattner Institute - Germany,
IEEE,
Innovation Project Management,
Johns Hopkins University,
Journal of Neurosurgery,
Lam Research (Semiconductors),
Leadership Worthy,
Life Sciences Trainers and Educators Network,
London South Bank University,
Microsoft,
MSN,
NASSCOM,
National Academy of Sciences,
New Zealand Government,
Oracle,
Pinterest Inc.,
Project Management Institute,
Mary Raum (Professor of National Security Affairs, United States Naval War College),
SANS Institute,
SBG Neumark - Germany,
Singapore Institute of Technology,
Torrens University - Australia,
TBS Switzerland,
Tufts University,
UC San Diego,
UK Sports Institute,
University of Galway - Ireland,
US Department of Energy,
US National Park Service,
US Soccer,
US Tennis Association,
Verizon,
Wrike,
Yale University,
and many others.

Graffius has played a key role in the Project Management Institute (PMI) in developing professional standards. He was a member of multiple teams that authored, reviewed, and produced:

The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management
Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Eighth Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition
The Standard for Program Management – Fourth Edition
Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures – Second Edition
The Practice Standard for Project Estimating – Second Edition

Certified SAFe 6 Agilist (SA),
Certified Scrum Professional - ScrumMaster (CSP-SM),
Certified Scrum Professional - Product Owner (CSP-PO),
Certified ScrumMaster (CSM),
Certified Scrum Product Owner (CSPO),
Project Management Professional (PMP),
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt (LSSGB), and
IT Service Management Foundation (ITIL).

Connect with and follow Scott on LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Threads, Bluesky, Mastodon, and ResearchGate.

scottgraffius-com-article-sections-v2026-more-lwres

List of Additional Articles

How to Cite This Article

Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 17). UC Davis Used Scott M. Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" Intellectual Property. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/uc-davis-used-scott-m-graffius-intellectual-property.html

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Coming soon

Content Acknowledgements

Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" is copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

University of California, Davis (UC Davis) name, mark, and content — except for material plagiarized from Graffius and used in violation of his intellectual property rights — are the property of The Regents of the University of California.

"MGT 440 Student Handbook Integrated Management Project," dated April 2023, except for material plagiarized from Graffius and used in violation of his intellectual property rights, is the property of UC Davis and contributors. The names of UC Davis faculty/staff listed on the infringing publication include Kelly Wilson, Marybeth Kavanagh, Keith Weissglass, Mary Kay Vona, Chris Ziemba, and Selina Laqui. Graffius' article includes limited excerpts, attributed and used under the fair use doctrine for purposes of news reporting, commentary, and analysis.

"Integrated Management Project (IMP) and MGT 440 Course Objective," dated May 2024, except for material plagiarized from Graffius and used in violation of his intellectual property rights, is the property of UC Davis and contributors. The names of UC Davis faculty/staff listed on the infringing publication include Barry Curtis, Selina Laqui, and Kelly Wilson. Graffius' article includes limited excerpts, attributed and used under the fair use doctrine for purposes of news reporting, commentary, and analysis.

#AcademicIntegrity
#Plagiarism
#IntellectualProperty
#Copyright
#UCDavis
#HigherEducation
#FacultyConduct
#StudentConduct
#TeamDevelopment
#PhasesOfTeamDevelopment

Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

Copyright

Tags: Academic integrity • Plagiarism • UC Davis • University of California, Davis • Intellectual property • Academic ethics and accountability • Phases of Team Development • Faculty misconduct • Higher education governance • Copyright infringement

Medical, Pharma, and Healthcare Organizations Are Using Scott M. Graffius' "Phases of Team Development"

15 June 2026

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

medical-pharma-healthcare-leaders-use-graffius-phases-of-team-development---lwres

When Lives are on the Line, Teamwork is Critical

In medicine, pharma, and healthcare, the stakes could not be higher. Research teams must cohere under pressure. Diagnoses must be accurate. Treatments must be coordinated. Clinical professionals must work in lockstep, often in high-velocity, high-stakes environments where miscommunication or misalignment can cost lives. In these fields, teamwork is a life-critical competency.

Scott M. Graffius is a leading authority on teamwork tradecraft. Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 150 subsequent studies, and Graffius' first-hand professional experience with and analysis of team leadership and performance, Graffius created his "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property. It's a novel tool that serves as a diagnostic and strategic guide for navigating team dynamics. Leaders apply the actionable insights to help advance the effectiveness and success of teams. Graffius initially developed his unique material in 2008, and he periodically updates it.

Hundreds of businesses, professional associations, government agencies, universities, publications, and media outlets worldwide have featured and utilized Graffius' "Phases of Team Development." Examples include Adobe, American Management Association, Boston University, Broadcom, Cisco, DevOps Institute, Government of Finland, Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Digital Engineering GmbH, IEEE, Microsoft, Oracle, Technical University of Munich, Tufts University, U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Soccer, U.S. Tennis Association, UC San Diego, UK Sports Institute, Warsaw University of Technology, Yale University, and many more, including several medical/pharma/healthcare organizations (highlighted next).

This article covers a growing trend—the adoption of Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" across medical, pharmaceutical, and healthcare sectors. Twelve representative examples follow, illustrating the breadth and depth of that use.

Alexion Pharmaceuticals

Founded in 1992, Alexion Pharmaceuticals built its reputation as a pioneer in therapies for rare and life-threatening diseases, particularly those involving the complement system of the immune pathway. The company rose to prominence with breakthrough drugs that have dramatically improved outcomes for patients with conditions such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome—transforming once-devastating diagnoses into manageable conditions. With a global footprint spanning North America, Europe, and Asia, Alexion became synonymous with high-impact innovation in the treatment of ultra-rare diseases. Its work has delivered meaningful benefits by extending lives, reducing suffering, and giving patients and families tangible hope where few options previously existed.

Alexion Pharmaceuticals referenced Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" work.

More: https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/lten.html

Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute

The Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute (APH) operates under the mission: "Health for all, powered by science." Its strategic plan reflects a commitment to continuously producing knowledge in line with societal challenges, healthcare transformations, and shifting expectations—and to effectively harnessing that knowledge for public health practice and beyond.

The APH concentrates its research efforts across eight programs, with over 1,700 multidisciplinary researchers from Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), VU Amsterdam, and the University of Amsterdam. By collaborating with researchers, healthcare providers, educators, and policymakers, the APH is focused on implementing and disseminating knowledge both within and beyond Amsterdam.

A publication of the APH features Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" work. The APH Quality Handbook includes Graffius' copyrighted (used with permission) illustration, "Phases of Team Development." The visual conveys strategies and more, which can be readily applied to help research teams and others go farther, faster.

More: https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/aph-qh.html

AstraZeneca

AstraZeneca stands as one of the world's leading biopharmaceutical companies, with operations in over 100 countries and a workforce exceeding 80,000 employees. Formed in 1999 through the merger of Sweden's Astra AB and the UK's Zeneca Group, the company has evolved into a powerhouse across oncology, cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, and immunology therapies. Its portfolio includes widely recognized medicines for lung cancer, diabetes, heart failure, and respiratory conditions—products that have improved and extended millions of lives globally. AstraZeneca's oncology innovations have redefined treatment standards and survival expectations for multiple cancers. With a reputation for scientific rigor, scale, and sustained impact, AstraZeneca continues to shape the future of medicine worldwide.

AstraZeneca referenced Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" work.

More: https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/lten.html

Bayer

Bayer is one of the largest pharmaceutical, biomedical, and biotechnology companies in the world. Founded on August 1, 1863, by Friedrich Bayer and Johann Friedrich Weskott, and headquartered in Leverkusen, Germany, Bayer's businesses include pharmaceuticals, consumer healthcare products, agricultural chemicals, seeds, and biotechnology products. For more than 160 years, the company has worked to improve human health through scientific innovation and a commitment to meaningful medicine.

Bayer utilizes Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" material on teamwork tradecraft.

More: https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/bayer.html

Fostering Readiness of Future Doctors and Nurses for Teamwork

Academic medicine increasingly recognizes that clinical excellence requires more than technical skill—it requires the ability to work and lead effectively within teams. This scientific and medical paper, "Fostering Readiness of Future Doctors and Nurses for Teamwork," addresses exactly that imperative, examining how healthcare education can prepare future clinicians for the realities of collaborative care.

The paper cites Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" work.

More: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/384329504_Fostering_Readiness_of_Future_Doctors_and_Nurses_for_Teamwork

FSU College of Medicine

Florida State University's College of Medicine is dedicated to training physicians with a particular focus on serving communities that have historically faced barriers to high-quality healthcare. Its faculty development efforts reflect an ongoing commitment to professional growth and evidence-based practice.

A Faculty Development post from FSU College of Medicine on LinkedIn features Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" work.

More: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/fsu-college-of-medicine-faculty-development_healthcare-is-a-team-sport-building-strong-activity-7122491911168290816--RkO/

HOPPR

HOPPR empowers developers to build the next generation of AI medical imaging applications, with the goal of making clinical care and workflow optimization more accessible, efficient, and equitable within the healthcare systems they serve. With an extensive repository of medical AI imaging data with known provenance than any other platform, alongside foundation models, fine-tuning tools, and infrastructure built under a Quality Management System (QMS), HOPPR enables transparent, scalable AI workflows built for real-world clinical integration.

HOPPR referenced Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" work.

More: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/khansiddiqui_startupprocess-scalingteams-okrs-activity-7298325575096573952-r14X/

Journal of Neurosurgery

The Journal of Neurosurgery (JNS) is a leading, peer-reviewed medical journal dedicated to advancing the field of neurosurgery. Published by the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS), it serves as a premier platform for original research, clinical studies, and innovative techniques in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological conditions. With a history spanning more than 75 years, JNS is widely recognized for its commitment to promoting scientific discovery and clinical excellence. Its global readership includes neurosurgeons, researchers, and healthcare professionals striving to improve patient outcomes.

The Journal of Neurosurgery highlighted Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" work.

More: https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/jns-2024.html

Life Sciences Trainers & Educators Network (LTEN)

LTEN's mission: "LTEN is the essential resource for life sciences trainer education and networking; enabling members to harness their collective knowledge, apply leading-edge technology, and deliver world-class learning." LTEN serves as the professional home for those who develop and deploy learning solutions across the life sciences industry—helping organizations build capable, coordinated teams from the ground up.

LTEN referenced Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" work.

More: https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/lten.html

Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP)

RACP is one of the leading medical specialist colleges in Australia and New Zealand and a highly influential institution in physician education, training, and professional standards across the region. The organization represents more than 30,000 physicians and trainee physicians spanning dozens of specialties and subspecialties. As a standard-setter for medical professionalism and continuing education, RACP carries significant weight in shaping how physicians are prepared and supported throughout their careers.

The RACP referenced Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" work.

More: https://scottgraffius.com/thoughtleaderandinfluencer.html

Strategies for Medical Team Success

On 6 November 2024, Naso Sano published a presentation on strategies for medical team success, which featured Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" work. Puya Dehgani-Mobaraki, MD (Naso Sano, Italy) hosted the session, and Professor Saad Alsaleh (King Saud University, Saudi Arabia) delivered the talk. The presentation was recorded, and the video is available on YouTube.

More: https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/nso.html

The ATACC Group (TAG)

TAG is known for providing high-quality first aid, clinical, and medical education and training to every level of provider involved in patient care. It offers a suite of regulated qualifications in collaboration with Qualification Network UK (QNUK), an Ofqual, CCEA, and Qualification Wales recognized Awarding Organization. TAG is also a Royal College of Surgeons, London approved Educational Centre. ATACC stands for Anesthesia, Trauma, and Critical Care—domains where team cohesion can mean the difference between life and death.

Physicians Dr. Mark Forrest and Dr. Halden Hutchinson-Bazely from TAG incorporated Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" in their presentation at the TBS24 conference in Zermatt, Switzerland.

More: https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/tbs24.html

Conclusion

From pharmaceutical giants conducting global clinical trials, to research institutes advancing public health, to trauma educators preparing clinicians for the most high-pressure moments imaginable, the medical and healthcare sector has embraced Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" with good reason. Effective teams don't just perform better—in medicine, they save lives. Graffius gives leaders a diagnostic and strategic guide to advance the effectiveness of teams.

The breadth and caliber of adoption—across pharma, academic medicine, medical journals, AI-driven healthcare technology, professional medical education, and clinical training—underscores both the universality of the framework and its particular resonance in sectors where precision, coordination, and trust are non-negotiable.

Graffius periodically updates his respective work. A visual from the 2026 edition of his "Phases of Team Development" is shown below and details are here. It covers both human-only teams and human-AI teams, including handling the exotic team dynamics which emerge when collaborating with advanced AI.

Note on Intellectual Property Rights

This article spotlighted select medical, pharmaceutical, and healthcare organizations that have appropriately used Scott M. Graffius' "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property.

However, some other individuals and organizations in medical, pharmaceutical, and healthcare-related fields have engaged in plagiarism, copyright infringement, or other bad acts. These matters are serious and warrant awareness, transparency, and accountability. Accordingly, selected cases are referenced below to uphold Graffius’ intellectual property rights and deter future violations. The list is not exhaustive.

Bloomfield, Jacqueline - The University of Sydney Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
Boston Scientific Corporation
Frotjold, Astrid - The University of Sydney Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
Howard, Rosa - The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
Lane, Stuart - The University of Sydney Medical School, Head of Intensive Care Medicine, Sydney Medical School, Australia; Senior Staff Specialist in Intensive Care Medicine, Nepean Hospital, Australia
National Health Service (NHS)
Roberts, Christopher - Honorary Professor of Medical Education, The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
Schneider, Carl - The University of Sydney School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
University of Sydney
van Diggele, Christie - Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

Details and source documentation are available here.

medical-pharma-healthcare-leaders-use-graffius-phases-of-team-development---ig-lwres

About Scott M. Graffius

Scott M. Graffius is a strategic transformation leader who drives AI, Agile, and broader business and technology initiatives to deliver measurable value across projects, programs, portfolios, and PMOs. He is an expert in the teamwork tradecraft of both human and human-AI teams, including the “exotic team dynamics” that emerge. He is also an authority on the temporal patterns of social media, including the half-life of audience engagement.

He’s a practitioner, researcher, thought leader, award-winning author, and keynote speaker who’s taken the stage at 98 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

He’s delivered over $2.51 billion in value for Fortune 500 companies and other leaders in technology, entertainment, financial services, healthcare, and beyond.

Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities use Graffius and feature his work. Examples include Adobe, Bayer, Boston University, Ford, Gartner, Harvard Medical School, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, Microsoft, MSN, National Academy of Sciences, Oracle, Pinterest Inc., Project Management Institute, UC San Diego, Verizon, Yale University, and others.

The following sections provide additional information on his experience, contributions, and influence.

Experience

Graffius heads the professional services firm Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions, along with its subsidiary Exceptional Agility. These consultancies offer strategic and tactical advisory, training, embedded expertise, and consulting services to the public, private, and government sectors. They help organizations enhance their capabilities and results in agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership, supporting innovation and driving competitive advantage. The consultancies confidently back services with a Delighted Client Guarantee™.

Graffius is a former VP of project management with a publicly traded provider of diverse consumer products and services over the Internet. Before that, he ran and supervised the delivery of projects and programs in public and private organizations with businesses ranging from e-commerce to advanced technology products and services, retail, manufacturing, entertainment, and more.

He has experience with consumer, business, reseller, government, and international markets.

Award-Winning Author

Graffius has authored three books.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions, his first book, earned 17 awards.
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, his second book, was named one of the best Scrum books of all time by BookAuthority.
Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum, his third book and his first work of fiction, was released in April 2025. The book trailer is on YouTube.

International Public Speaker

Organizations worldwide engage Graffius to present on tech (including AI), Agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership. He crafts and delivers unique and compelling talks and workshops. Graffius has conducted 98 sessions across 25 countries. Select examples of events include Agile Trends Gov, BSides (Newcastle Upon Tyne), Conf42 Quantum Computing, DevDays Europe, DevOps Institute, DevOpsDays (Geneva), Frug’Agile, IEEE, Microsoft, Scottish Summit, Scrum Alliance RSG (Nepal), Techstars, and W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference (Helsinki), and more.

With an average rating of 4.81 (on a scale of 1-5), sessions are highly valued.

The speaker engagement request form is here.

Thought Leadership and Influence

Prominent businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities have showcased Graffius and his contributions—spanning his books, talks, workshops, and beyond. Select examples include:

Adobe,
American Management Association,
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
Bayer,
BMC Software,
Boston University,
Broadcom,
Cisco,
Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts - Germany,
Computer Weekly,
Constructor University - Germany,
Data Governance Success,
Deimos Aerospace,
DevOps Institute,
Dropbox,
EU's European Commission,
Ford Motor Company,
Gartner,
GoDaddy,
Harvard Medical School,
Hasso Plattner Institute - Germany,
IEEE,
Innovation Project Management,
Johns Hopkins University,
Journal of Neurosurgery,
Lam Research (Semiconductors),
Leadership Worthy,
Life Sciences Trainers and Educators Network,
London South Bank University,
Microsoft,
MSN,
NASSCOM,
National Academy of Sciences,
New Zealand Government,
Oracle,
Pinterest Inc.,
Project Management Institute,
Mary Raum (Professor of National Security Affairs, United States Naval War College),
SANS Institute,
SBG Neumark - Germany,
Singapore Institute of Technology,
Torrens University - Australia,
TBS Switzerland,
Tufts University,
UC San Diego,
UK Sports Institute,
University of Galway - Ireland,
US Department of Energy,
US National Park Service,
US Soccer,
US Tennis Association,
Verizon,
Wrike,
Yale University,
and many others.

Graffius has played a key role in the Project Management Institute (PMI) in developing professional standards. He was a member of multiple teams that authored, reviewed, and produced:

The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management
Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Eighth Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition
The Standard for Program Management – Fourth Edition
Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures – Second Edition
The Practice Standard for Project Estimating – Second Edition

Certified SAFe 6 Agilist (SA),
Certified Scrum Professional - ScrumMaster (CSP-SM),
Certified Scrum Professional - Product Owner (CSP-PO),
Certified ScrumMaster (CSM),
Certified Scrum Product Owner (CSPO),
Project Management Professional (PMP),
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt (LSSGB), and
IT Service Management Foundation (ITIL).

Connect with and follow Scott on LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Threads, Bluesky, Mastodon, and ResearchGate.

scottgraffius-com-article-sections-v2026-more-lwres

List of Additional Articles

How to Cite This Article

Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 15). Medical, Pharma, and Healthcare Organizations Are Using Scott M. Graffius' "Phases of Team Development." ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/medical-pharma-healthcare-leaders-use-graffius-phases-of-team-development.html

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Coming soon

Content Acknowledgements

Names, marks, and content are the property of their respective owners.

Tags and Hashtags

Phases of Team Development
Leadership
High-Performance Teams
Healthcare
Pharmaceutical Industry
Medical Education
Team Dynamics
Organizational Development
Life Sciences
Clinical Teams
Alexion Pharmaceuticals
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute
AstraZeneca
Bayer
Fostering Readiness of Future Doctors and Nurses for Teamwork
FSU College of Medicine
HOPPR
Journal of Neurosurgery
Life Sciences Trainers & Educators Network (LTEN)
Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP)
Strategies for Medical Team Success
The ATACC Group (TAG)

#TeamDevelopment
#Healthcare
#Pharma
#MedicalEducation
#Leadership
#Teamwork
#LifeSciences
#ClinicalTeams
#OrganizationalDevelopment
#PatientCare
#PublicHealth

Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

Copyright

Tags: Phases of Team Development • Leadership • HOPPR • Journal of Neurosurgery • Exotic Team Dynamics • The ATACC Group (TAG) • Strategies for Medical Team Success • Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP) • Life Sciences Trainers & Educators Network (LTEN) • FSU College of Medicine • Fostering Readiness of Future Doctors and Nurses for Teamwork • AstraZeneca • Bayer • Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute • Alexion Pharmaceuticals • Clinical Teams • Life Sciences • Organizational Development • Team Dynamics • Medical Education • Pharmaceutical Industry • Healthcare • High-Performance Teams

Government of Ireland Report Features Research by Scott M. Graffius

10 June 2026

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

government-of-ireland-report-features-research-by-scott-m-graffius-v2-lwres

Government of Ireland, Commission for Media, Wagner-Hatfield, the Consultation Responses to the Draft Online Safety Code Report, and Its Use of Graffius' Research

Rialtas na hÉireann (Government of Ireland) Coimisiún na Meán is the county's commission for regulating broadcasters, on-demand services, and online media, and for supporting media development. Established in March 2023 under the Online Safety and Media Regulation Act 2022, it builds on the work of its predecessor, the Broadcasting Authority of Ireland. The commission is responsible for ensuring and maintaining a thriving and diverse media landscape that facilitates a mix of voices, opinions, and sources of information — and, critically, for holding digital services accountable for how they protect people from harm online.

One of Coimisiún na Meán's initiatives is the Online Safety Code. It's Ireland's first binding regulatory framework for video-sharing platform services. The Code sets out measures that designated platforms are legally obliged to implement to protect users from harmful content, including cyberbullying, content that promotes eating disorders or self-harm, and inappropriate material accessible to minors. The development of the Code involved extensive public consultation, commissioned research, and expert review.

As part of that process, Coimisiún na Meán commissioned Wagner-Hatfield to prepare a summary of the responses received during the public consultation on the draft Online Safety Code. The resulting report — Consultation Responses to the Draft Online Safety Code — synthesizes the submissions received from the public, government departments and agencies, NGOs, civil society organizations, industry groups, international regulators, and academia. It represents a component of the evidentiary record that informed the finalized Code.

The Consultation Responses report cited Scott M. Graffius' "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" research. The report includes the following passage in Section 4C.9 (page 64):

"The results of a 2023 empirical investigation which determined the lifespan of social media posts on different platforms was shared which showed: Snapchat (0 min), Twitter (24 min), Facebook (105 min), Instagram (20 h), LinkedIn (24 h), YouTube (8.8 d), and Pinterest (3.75 mo).³⁷"

That's immediately followed by, "A lower lifespan means that most harm happens right after the content is posted, which shows that content moderation needs to be performed quickly to be effective."

The respective content is also shown in the visual below.

government-of-ireland-report-features-research-by-scott-m-graffius-v2-excerpts-lwres

government-of-ireland-report-features-research-by-scott-m-graffius-v2-excerpts-lwres

Although the Consultation Responses report cites Graffius' research, it materially mischaracterizes it — and compounds the inaccuracy by drawing a conclusion that does not follow from the cited work.

Citations can readily create an impression of alignment or endorsement where none exists, particularly for readers who do not scrutinize the underlying research in detail. Given the regulatory weight of the Online Safety Code — a binding law applied to designated platforms, with fines of up to €20 million for breaches — errors in the evidentiary record that informs it carry real consequences.

To maintain the integrity of his work and prevent misunderstanding, Graffius proactively provides the following objective, evidence-based assessment of the Consultation Responses report, including its use of his research.

Graffius does not endorse the Consultation Responses report.

Critical Analysis of the Consultation Responses Report, Including Its Use of Graffius' Research

1. Mischaracterization of the Metric: Half-Life Is Not Lifespan.

In social media research and digital analytics, half-life and lifespan are distinct concepts that serve different analytical purposes. Lifespan, in its ordinary sense, implies a general duration — how long a post exists, circulates, or remains accessible. Half-life is a precise statistical construct with a specific definition: the point at which a post has received half of its total engagement (such as likes, shares, and comments).

Graffius defined this metric explicitly in his research: "The lifespan of posts is of interest, and a helpful metric is half-life. It's the amount of time it takes for a post to receive half of its total engagement (such as likes, shares, and comments)."

The reason half-life is the operative and appropriate metric — rather than a general notion of lifespan — stems from how engagement is distributed over the life of a social media post. When content is published, engagement does not follow a symmetrical bell curve. Instead, it follows a unimodal, positively skewed distribution: the majority of engagement arrives relatively soon after posting, with the remainder spread across a comparatively longer tail. Because engagement is front-loaded in this way, half-life is the most meaningful and actionable metric for characterizing post longevity. It captures a precise, reproducible, and operationally useful threshold.

The Consultation Responses report substitutes "lifespan" for "half-life," misrepresenting what the research measures. This is not a minor editorial inconsistency. It misidentifies the metric, obscures the statistical basis of the findings, and undermines the accuracy of any interpretation or policy conclusion that depends on the cited data.

Graffius' research, built on a large dataset from multiple sources, reveals the average half-life for posts on different social media platforms. The data in the cited (2023) edition showed: Snapchat (0 min), Twitter (24 min), Facebook (105 min), Instagram (20 h), LinkedIn (24 h), YouTube (8.8 d), and Pinterest (3.75 mo). Findings from others — including anecdotal experience from select posts or limited datasets — may vary from these averages, which reflect a large, multi-source, representative methodology.

The Consultation Responses report cited the 2023 edition of Graffius' "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts." For context, a visual from it is shown below.

lifespan-half-life-of-social-media-posts-update-for-2023---lr-for-blg---1000x482

Details—including a link to it, the Consultation Responses report, and more—are in the bibliography section of this article.

Additionally, because this article is written in 2026, a visual from the current (2026) edition of Graffius’ respective work is also provided below for completeness and contemporaneous context. The 2026 edition stands out for its:

◾️ Scope (5.6 million posts),
◾️ Coverage (11 platforms),
◾️ Methodology (multi-source, representative, data-driven),
◾️ Continuity (annual updates), and
◾️ Value (actionable insights).

2. Unsupported Causal Claim: Half-Life of Engagement Does Not Establish When Harm Occurs.

The report states: "A lower lifespan means that most harm happens right after the content is posted, which shows that content moderation needs to be performed quickly to be effective."

That conclusion does not follow from the cited research. Graffius' work measures the half-life of engagement — when a post receives half of its total interaction from users. It does not measure when harm occurs, nor does it establish any causal or correlational relationship between engagement timing and harm timing.

Engagement and harm are not equivalent. A post may generate limited engagement and still cause significant harm (as defined by the legislation). Conversely, a high-engagement post may be broadly benign. Harm can also manifest well after a post's engagement peak — through screenshots, redistribution, offline consequences, or discovery by new audiences on other platforms. The half-life of engagement provides no basis for making direct inferences about the timing or distribution of harm.

By asserting that "most harm happens right after the content is posted" and attributing that conclusion to empirical research on engagement half-life, the Consultation Responses report draws an inference that the data do not support. The policy recommendation is not substantiated by the cited work as applied in the report.

3. Regulatory Consequences of Analytical Errors.

The Consultation Responses report is not an academic exercise. It is part of the evidentiary record underlying the Online Safety Code — Ireland's first binding regulatory framework for video-sharing platforms, with designated enforcement powers and fines of up to €20 million for breaches. Platforms subject to the Code must implement content moderation measures, and the timing, scope, and design of those measures are precisely the questions at issue in the passage that cites Graffius' research.

When the analytical basis for a regulatory finding is flawed — whether through mischaracterization of a metric or an unsupported causal inference — the practical consequences extend to real compliance obligations imposed on real organizations. Erroneous findings do not simply sit on a page; they propagate into policy design, enforcement priorities, and the design of moderation systems. The stakes are high enough to warrant a precise and accurate account of what the cited research shows.

Suggested Corrections to Consultation Responses Report

Graffius suggests that the passage in Section 4C.9 be corrected to reflect both the accurate metric and a conclusion that the data support. The current passage is:

"The results of a 2023 empirical investigation which determined the lifespan of social media posts on different platforms was shared which showed: Snapchat (0 min), Twitter (24 min), Facebook (105 min), Instagram (20 h), LinkedIn (24 h), YouTube (8.8 d), and Pinterest (3.75 mo).³⁷ A lower lifespan means that most harm happens right after the content is posted, which shows that content moderation needs to be performed quickly to be effective."

It should be corrected to the following (or similar):

"The results of a 2023 empirical investigation determined the average half-life of posts on different social media platforms. Half-life is the point at which a post has received half of its total engagement (such as likes, shares, and comments). The research showed the following half-life durations: Snapchat (0 min), Twitter (24 min), Facebook (105 min), Instagram (20 h), LinkedIn (24 h), YouTube (8.8 d), and Pinterest (3.75 mo).³⁷ [The lower the half-life, the sooner a post accumulates 50% of its total engagement, narrowing the window in which content moderation—if required—can reduce its reach and impact.]"

Conclusion

The Consultation Responses report exhibits significant issues, including:

A material mischaracterization of the cited metric (half-life vs. lifespan); and
An unsupported causal inference that conflates engagement timing with harm timing, producing a conclusion that the cited data do not substantiate.

Given that the Consultation Responses report forms part of the evidentiary record underlying binding regulatory obligations, these deficiencies matter beyond the page. Accordingly, the report's specific findings and conclusions regarding social media post lifespan and content moderation timing should be treated with caution.

"May 2024" appears on the Consultant Responses report, and metadata for the PDF shows the modify date of May 20, 2024. Graffius was alerted to the report on June 1, 2024. That day, Graffius notified multiple parties involved with the report about the issues with it. He emailed (email addresses redacted) the Coimisiún na Meán (███████████@cnam.ie and ████@cnam.ie), Wagner-Hatfield (████@wagner- hatfield.com, ███@wagner-hatfield.com, and ███@wagner-hatfield.com), and DHR (███████████████@dhr.ie). None has responded to date. After providing the involved parties with an opportunity to address the issues and receiving no response, Graffius is presenting the details in this article to preserve the accuracy and integrity of the record.

Graffius' "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" research has been correctly used by many businesses, professional associations, government agencies, universities, publications, media outlets, and others worldwide. Select examples include:

BCG,
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne,
Frontiers in Public Health,
GoDaddy,
IEEE,
Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume),
Marketing in the Metaverse,
Maximizing LinkedIn for Business Growth,
Ministère de la Culture,
Pinterest Inc.,
Podcasting Strategy Show,
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Strategic Business Research,
Telecommunications Policy,
Xavier Degraux,
and many more

government-of-ireland-report-features-research-by-scott-m-graffius-v2-IG-lwres

Bibliography

Coimisiún na Meán (Ireland's Commission for Regulating Media). (n.d.). https://www.cnam.ie

Coimisiún na Meán. (n.d.). Online Safety Code. https://www.cnam.ie/industry-and-professionals/online-safety-framework/online-safety-code/

Graffius, S. M. (2023, January 1). Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2023. ScottGraffius.com. https://www.scottgraffius.com/blog/files/social-2023.html

Graffius, S. M. (2024, March 22). The Protocol for Reporting an Error to an Author or Publisher. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.18830.98883

Graffius, S. M. (2026, January 23). Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts: Update for 2026. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.32407.43689

Rialtas na hÉireann (Government of Ireland). (n.d.). https://www.gov.ie

Wagner-Hatfield. (n.d.). https://www.wagner-hatfield.com

Wagner-Hatfield. (2024, May). Consultation Responses to the Draft Online Safety Code. Coimisiún na Meán. https://www.cnam.ie/app/uploads/2024/11/202405_Summary_Consultation.pdf

About Scott M. Graffius

Scott M. Graffius is a strategic transformation leader who drives AI, Agile, and broader business and technology initiatives to deliver measurable value across projects, programs, portfolios, and PMOs. He is an expert in the teamwork tradecraft of both human and human-AI teams, including the “exotic team dynamics” that emerge. He is also an authority on the temporal patterns of social media, including the half-life of audience engagement.

He’s a practitioner, researcher, thought leader, award-winning author, and keynote speaker who’s taken the stage at 98 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

He’s delivered over $2.51 billion in value for Fortune 500 companies and other leaders in technology, entertainment, financial services, healthcare, and beyond.

Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities use Graffius and feature his work. Examples include Adobe, Bayer, Boston University, Ford, Gartner, Harvard Medical School, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, Microsoft, MSN, National Academy of Sciences, Oracle, Pinterest Inc., Project Management Institute, UC San Diego, Verizon, Yale University, and others.

The following sections provide additional information on his experience, contributions, and influence.

Experience

Graffius heads the professional services firm Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions, along with its subsidiary Exceptional Agility. These consultancies offer strategic and tactical advisory, training, embedded expertise, and consulting services to the public, private, and government sectors. They help organizations enhance their capabilities and results in agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership, supporting innovation and driving competitive advantage. The consultancies confidently back services with a Delighted Client Guarantee™.

Graffius is a former VP of project management with a publicly traded provider of diverse consumer products and services over the Internet. Before that, he ran and supervised the delivery of projects and programs in public and private organizations with businesses ranging from e-commerce to advanced technology products and services, retail, manufacturing, entertainment, and more.

He has experience with consumer, business, reseller, government, and international markets.

Award-Winning Author

Graffius has authored three books.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions, his first book, earned 17 awards.
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, his second book, was named one of the best Scrum books of all time by BookAuthority.
Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum, his third book and his first work of fiction, was released in April 2025. The book trailer is on YouTube.

International Public Speaker

Organizations worldwide engage Graffius to present on tech (including AI), Agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership. He crafts and delivers unique and compelling talks and workshops. Graffius has conducted 98 sessions across 25 countries. Select examples of events include Agile Trends Gov, BSides (Newcastle Upon Tyne), Conf42 Quantum Computing, DevDays Europe, DevOps Institute, DevOpsDays (Geneva), Frug’Agile, IEEE, Microsoft, Scottish Summit, Scrum Alliance RSG (Nepal), Techstars, and W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference (Helsinki), and more.

With an average rating of 4.81 (on a scale of 1-5), sessions are highly valued.

The speaker engagement request form is here.

Thought Leadership and Influence

Prominent businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities have showcased Graffius and his contributions—spanning his books, talks, workshops, and beyond. Select examples include:

Adobe,
American Management Association,
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
Bayer,
BMC Software,
Boston University,
Broadcom,
Cisco,
Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts - Germany,
Computer Weekly,
Constructor University - Germany,
Data Governance Success,
Deimos Aerospace,
DevOps Institute,
Dropbox,
EU's European Commission,
Ford Motor Company,
Gartner,
GoDaddy,
Harvard Medical School,
Hasso Plattner Institute - Germany,
IEEE,
Innovation Project Management,
Johns Hopkins University,
Journal of Neurosurgery,
Lam Research (Semiconductors),
Leadership Worthy,
Life Sciences Trainers and Educators Network,
London South Bank University,
Microsoft,
MSN,
NASSCOM,
National Academy of Sciences,
New Zealand Government,
Oracle,
Pinterest Inc.,
Project Management Institute,
Mary Raum (Professor of National Security Affairs, United States Naval War College),
SANS Institute,
SBG Neumark - Germany,
Singapore Institute of Technology,
Torrens University - Australia,
TBS Switzerland,
Tufts University,
UC San Diego,
UK Sports Institute,
University of Galway - Ireland,
US Department of Energy,
US National Park Service,
US Soccer,
US Tennis Association,
Verizon,
Wrike,
Yale University,
and many others.

Graffius has played a key role in the Project Management Institute (PMI) in developing professional standards. He was a member of multiple teams that authored, reviewed, and produced:

The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management
Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Eighth Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition
The Standard for Program Management – Fourth Edition
Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures – Second Edition
The Practice Standard for Project Estimating – Second Edition

Certified SAFe 6 Agilist (SA),
Certified Scrum Professional - ScrumMaster (CSP-SM),
Certified Scrum Professional - Product Owner (CSP-PO),
Certified ScrumMaster (CSM),
Certified Scrum Product Owner (CSPO),
Project Management Professional (PMP),
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt (LSSGB), and
IT Service Management Foundation (ITIL).

Connect with and follow Scott on LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Threads, Bluesky, Mastodon, and ResearchGate.

scottgraffius-com-article-sections-v2026-more-lwres

List of Additional Articles

How to Cite This Article

Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 10). Government of Ireland Report Features Research by Scott M. Graffius. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/government-of-ireland-report-features-graffius-research.html

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Coming soon

Content Acknowledgements

Names, marks, and content are the property of their respective owners. Consultation Responses to the Draft Online Safety Code report is the property of Wagner-Hatfield / Coimisiún na Meán (Ireland's Commission for Regulating Media) / Rialtas na hÉireann (Government of Ireland). This article includes limited excerpts, attributed and used under fair use doctrine for purposes of news reporting, commentary, and analysis. "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" is copyright © Scott M. Graffius. All rights reserved.

#cnam
#CoimisiúnNaMeán
#ConsultationResponsesToTheDraftOnlineSafetyCode
#Critical Analysis
#GovernmentOfIreland
#ie
#Ireland
#IrelandCommissionForRegulatingMedia
#IrelandOnlineSafetyCode
#LifespanHalfLifeOfSocialMediaPosts
#RialtasNahÉireann
#SocialMedia
#SocialMediaHalfLife
#SocialMediaLifespan
#SocialMediaResearch
#WagnerHatfield

Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

Copyright

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Scott M. Graffius Contributed to The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management

09 June 2026

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

scott-m-graffius-contributed-to-pmi-s𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗮𝗿𝗱-𝗳𝗼𝗿-ai-i𝗻-pppm---lwres

Artificial intelligence is reshaping how organizations plan, execute, and deliver value across portfolios, programs, and projects. Recognizing this shift, the Project Management Institute (PMI) developed The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management, a landmark publication that gives practitioners a principled, structured, and globally recognized framework for navigating AI in the complexity of modern delivery environments.

Scott M. Graffius contributed to this standard, as shown in the visual at the top of this article and below.

About The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management

The increasing adoption of AI is transforming the landscape of portfolio, program, and project management (PPPM). As AI continues to evolve, it offers significant opportunities to enhance decision-making, optimize resource allocation, and provide valuable insights. To support PPPM professionals in navigating this complex and rapidly changing environment, PMI developed The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management.

This standard is built on the solid foundation of clear principles established by PMI, which help guide and inform behaviors, as well as performance domains that focus on critical activities and functions for effective delivery and implementation. Through this guidance, organizations can help ensure their AI initiatives are implemented in a way that is transparent, fair, and compliant with applicable regulations. The details provided are relevant across various industries and intended to support organizations of all sizes in achieving their AI-driven objectives.

Key components of the standard include:

A comprehensive framework for the effective and responsible integration of AI into PPPM practices.
A human-centered approach, ensuring that AI insights are aligned with human oversight.
Eight guiding principles and five critical performance domains for using AI in PPPM.
A proposed life cycle for AI implementations, along with tailoring guidance.
Examination of the ethical and legal considerations for AI in PPPM.

By adopting this standard, PPPM professionals can enhance their practices, stay at the forefront of AI adoption, and ensure that their organizations maximize the benefits of AI while maintaining accountability and delivering value to stakeholders.

The standard is aligned with other PMI standards and underwent a rigorous review process. It is approved by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) — a distinction that signals the document's rigor, credibility, and suitability for real-world professional application at the highest level.

PMI members can download the PDF for free as part of their membership benefits here. The publication is also available in print and ebook formats from Amazon here, as well as other sellers.

This is a publication of consequence. The PMI has been setting the gold standard in project management for over 50 years; and with this standard, it addresses one of the most significant transformations the profession has faced. The standard reflects PMI's long-standing approach: convening global communities of experienced practitioners, subjecting draft content to rigorous review, and producing guidance that is both principled and practically applicable.

Scott M. Graffius' Contribution

Scott M. Graffius contributed to The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management. His involvement reflects his sustained commitment to advancing the profession at its highest levels — and his particular expertise at the intersection of AI and delivery management.

Graffius has now contributed to seven PMI industry standards and guidance publications:

The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management
Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Eighth Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition
The Standard for Program Management – Fourth Edition
Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures – Second Edition
The Practice Standard for Project Estimating – Second Edition

This body of contribution is exceptional. PMI standards are developed through a volunteer-driven, consensus-based process in which expert practitioners participate. Contributing to one PMI standard is an achievement. Contributing to seven reflects a sustained commitment to advancing the profession across methodologies, disciplines, and generations of practice.

It is also worth noting the relevance of this newest contribution to Graffius' broader research and thought leadership. He is a recognized authority on Agile, Project Management, and AI – including human-AI collaboration, and "exotic team dynamics" that emerge when advanced AI systems collaborate as teammates, AI hallucinations, governance, and more. His respective work has been cited businesses, professional associations, government agencies, universities, publications, and media outlets around the world. Contributing to The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management — a standard that addresses the responsible integration of AI into organizational delivery practices — aligns with his body of work.

scott-m-graffius-contributed-to-pmi-s𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗮𝗿𝗱-𝗳𝗼𝗿-ai-i𝗻-pppm---IG-lwres

About the Project Management Institute

The Project Management Institute (PMI) is the leading global association for project management professionals. Founded in 1969, PMI advances the profession through research, standards development, education, and certification. Its Project Management Professional (PMP) credential is recognized worldwide as the benchmark for project management expertise. Through its global network, PMI connects practitioners, elevates shared knowledge, and champions the strategic value of effective project leadership across industries. Visit the PMI website at https://www.pmi.org to learn more.

Bibliography/References

Graffius, S. M. (2025, February 12). Scott M. Graffius' Role in Advancing Project Management Institute (PMI) Standards Excellence. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/scott-m-graffius-role-in-advancing-project-management-institute-(pmi)-standards.html

Graffius, S. M. (2025, November 13). Scott M. Graffius Contributed to and Reviewed the PMBOK Guide, 8th Edition — the Global Standard for Project Management. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.25557.69601

Graffius, S. M. (2026, January 3). Scott M. Graffius' Phases of Team Development - Applied to Human Teams and Human-AI Teams: 2026 Update. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.18184.89601

Graffius, S. M. (2026, January 7). Are AI Hallucinations Getting Better or Worse? We Analyzed the Data. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.33179.53285

Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 3). Scott M. Graffius Contributed to the Agile Practice Guide - Second Edition. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/scott-m-graffius-contributed-to-agile-practice-guide-second-edition.html

Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 5). AI Governance Initiative Cites Scott M. Graffius Research on AI Hallucinations. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/ai-governance-initiative-uses-graffius-research.html

Project Management Institute. (n.d.). https://www.pmi.org

Project Management Institute. (2006). Practice standard for work breakdown structures (2nd ed.). Project Management Institute.

Project Management Institute. (2017). The standard for program management (4th ed.). Project Management Institute.

Project Management Institute. (2017). A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide) (6th ed.). Project Management Institute.

Project Management Institute. (2019). The practice standard for project estimating (2nd ed.). Project Management Institute.

Project Management Institute. (2026). A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide) (8th ed.). Project Management Institute.

Project Management Institute. (2026). Agile practice guide (2nd ed.). Project Management Institute.

Project Management Institute. (2026). The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management. Project Management Institute.

Google. (n.d.). Google Books.

About Scott M. Graffius

Scott M. Graffius is a strategic transformation leader who drives AI, Agile, and broader business and technology initiatives to deliver measurable value across projects, programs, portfolios, and PMOs. He is an expert in the teamwork tradecraft of both human and human-AI teams, including the “exotic team dynamics” that emerge. He is also an authority on the temporal patterns of social media, including the half-life of audience engagement.

He’s a practitioner, researcher, thought leader, award-winning author, and keynote speaker who’s taken the stage at 98 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

He’s delivered over $2.51 billion in value for Fortune 500 companies and other leaders in technology, entertainment, financial services, healthcare, and beyond.

Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities use Graffius and feature his work. Examples include Adobe, Bayer, Boston University, Ford, Gartner, Harvard Medical School, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, Microsoft, MSN, National Academy of Sciences, Oracle, Pinterest Inc., Project Management Institute, UC San Diego, Verizon, Yale University, and others.

The following sections provide additional information on his experience, contributions, and influence.

Experience

Graffius heads the professional services firm Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions, along with its subsidiary Exceptional Agility. These consultancies offer strategic and tactical advisory, training, embedded expertise, and consulting services to the public, private, and government sectors. They help organizations enhance their capabilities and results in agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership, supporting innovation and driving competitive advantage. The consultancies confidently back services with a Delighted Client Guarantee™.

Graffius is a former VP of project management with a publicly traded provider of diverse consumer products and services over the Internet. Before that, he ran and supervised the delivery of projects and programs in public and private organizations with businesses ranging from e-commerce to advanced technology products and services, retail, manufacturing, entertainment, and more.

He has experience with consumer, business, reseller, government, and international markets.

Award-Winning Author

Graffius has authored three books.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions, his first book, earned 17 awards.
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, his second book, was named one of the best Scrum books of all time by BookAuthority.
Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum, his third book and his first work of fiction, was released in April 2025. The book trailer is on YouTube.

International Public Speaker

Organizations worldwide engage Graffius to present on tech (including AI), Agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership. He crafts and delivers unique and compelling talks and workshops. Graffius has conducted 98 sessions across 25 countries. Select examples of events include Agile Trends Gov, BSides (Newcastle Upon Tyne), Conf42 Quantum Computing, DevDays Europe, DevOps Institute, DevOpsDays (Geneva), Frug’Agile, IEEE, Microsoft, Scottish Summit, Scrum Alliance RSG (Nepal), Techstars, and W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference (Helsinki), and more.

With an average rating of 4.81 (on a scale of 1-5), sessions are highly valued.

The speaker engagement request form is here.

Thought Leadership and Influence

Prominent businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities have showcased Graffius and his contributions—spanning his books, talks, workshops, and beyond. Select examples include:

Adobe,
American Management Association,
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
Bayer,
BMC Software,
Boston University,
Broadcom,
Cisco,
Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts - Germany,
Computer Weekly,
Constructor University - Germany,
Data Governance Success,
Deimos Aerospace,
DevOps Institute,
Dropbox,
EU's European Commission,
Ford Motor Company,
Gartner,
GoDaddy,
Harvard Medical School,
Hasso Plattner Institute - Germany,
IEEE,
Innovation Project Management,
Johns Hopkins University,
Journal of Neurosurgery,
Lam Research (Semiconductors),
Leadership Worthy,
Life Sciences Trainers and Educators Network,
London South Bank University,
Microsoft,
MSN,
NASSCOM,
National Academy of Sciences,
New Zealand Government,
Oracle,
Pinterest Inc.,
Project Management Institute,
Mary Raum (Professor of National Security Affairs, United States Naval War College),
SANS Institute,
SBG Neumark - Germany,
Singapore Institute of Technology,
Torrens University - Australia,
TBS Switzerland,
Tufts University,
UC San Diego,
UK Sports Institute,
University of Galway - Ireland,
US Department of Energy,
US National Park Service,
US Soccer,
US Tennis Association,
Verizon,
Wrike,
Yale University,
and many others.

Graffius has played a key role in the Project Management Institute (PMI) in developing professional standards. He was a member of multiple teams that authored, reviewed, and produced:

The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management
Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Eighth Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition
The Standard for Program Management – Fourth Edition
Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures – Second Edition
The Practice Standard for Project Estimating – Second Edition

Certified SAFe 6 Agilist (SA),
Certified Scrum Professional - ScrumMaster (CSP-SM),
Certified Scrum Professional - Product Owner (CSP-PO),
Certified ScrumMaster (CSM),
Certified Scrum Product Owner (CSPO),
Project Management Professional (PMP),
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt (LSSGB), and
IT Service Management Foundation (ITIL).

Connect with and follow Scott on LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Threads, Bluesky, Mastodon, and ResearchGate.

scottgraffius-com-article-sections-v2026-more-lwres

List of Additional Articles

How to Cite This Article

Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 9). Scott M. Graffius Contributed to The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/scott-m-graffius-contributed-to-pmi-standard-for-ai-in-pppm.html

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Coming soon

Content Acknowledgements

Project Management Institute (PMI) name, mark, and content are the property of PMI.

Graffius’ article includes limited excerpts of the PMI publication, attributed and used under fair use doctrine for purposes of news reporting, commentary, and analysis.

Graffius’ article copyright © Scott M. Graffius.

#ArtificialIntelligence
#AIGovernance
#ProjectManagement
#ProjectManagementInstitute
#PortfolioManagement
#ProgramManagement
#Leadership
#ANSIStandards

Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

Copyright

Tags: Artificial Intelligence • AI Governance • Leadership • The Standard for Artificial Intelligence in Portfolio, Program, and Project Management • ANSI Standards • Program Management • Portfolio Management • Project Management • Project Management Institute

AI Governance Initiative Cites Scott M. Graffius Research on AI Hallucinations

05 June 2026

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

ai-governance-initiative-uses-graffius-research---header-lwres

The Problem That Won't Go Away

Organizations deploying generative AI encounter the jarring problem of incorrect outputs. Not vague, not incomplete — wrong. A fabricated citation. A materially misquoted regulation. A fictitious financial figure. These are AI hallucinations — one of the most persistent and consequential issues in modern AI.

AI hallucinations can cause reputational harm, erosion of trust, and other serious consequences for organizations. For publicly traded companies and those in regulated industries — such as healthcare, finance, government — the risks also include compliance breaches.

Research That's Driving the Governance Conversation

That is why the question Scott M. Graffius set out to answer matters so much.

Graffius helps organizations unlock breakthrough performance and generate billions in business value through leadership in AI, Agile, and project, program, portfolio, and enterprise PMO management. He is a highly cited authority across those areas, which includes AI, the "exotic team dynamics" that emerge when advanced artificial intelligence collaborates as a teammate, and more.

One question has garnered significant attention:

Are AI hallucinations improving or worsening?

Graffius' article, "Are AI Hallucinations Getting Better or Worse? We Analyzed the Data," takes a rigorous, objective, evidence-based look at hallucination rates and trends. It moves beyond anecdotes and assumptions to examine what the data show.

The answer, it turns out, is more nuanced than optimists or skeptics tend to acknowledge. And that nuance — that hallucinations are declining on constrained, grounded tasks while surging on complex reasoning and open-ended factual recall — is exactly what has made the research valuable to governance practitioners endeavoring to establish reliable AI solutions.

Graffius' respective work has since been cited across multiple publications. Select examples follow. The References section of this article provides details, including links to each publication.

Agenda Digitale.
AIUnpacking.
Asky.
BuzzStream.
COMPAiSS. (Two publications.)
Cottrill Research.
FlowEdge.
Grokipedia.
Laughman AI.
LoudScale.
LSS4Managers.
Mental Momentum AI.
Perplexity.
Scintilena.
Seopedia.
Swizero.
And more.

The list includes two publications from the Canadian AI governance initiative, COMPAiSS. Those are noteworthy because they reflect growing attention to AI accountability, reliability, and governance alongside AI capability.

COMPAiSS: Building the Case for Governed AI

COMPAiSS is an AI governance initiative built specifically for environments where errors carry real consequences. Its focus areas — higher education, healthcare, government, and professional organizations — share a common thread: the cost of an AI mistake is not just inconvenient, it is potentially harmful, liable, or irreversible.

Its framework rests on the premise that AI systems deployed in regulated settings must prioritize controlled, auditable behavior over unconstrained generation. Where most AI discourse centers on capability (what the model can do), COMPAiSS redirects attention to accountability (what the model should do), and what happens when it doesn't.

That means a strong emphasis on reliability, traceability, bounded outputs, and clear accountability in AI-assisted decision-making. It is a framework designed not for experimentation, but for institutional deployment where predictability is non-negotiable.

Among its published work is "Hallucinations by Design: A Cross-Model Assessment of How Major AI Consulting Firms Advise Clients to Manage Generative AI Errors," which analyzes how major organizations — including Deloitte, PwC, KPMG, and Microsoft — approach hallucination mitigation in practice. Graffius' research on hallucination trends serves as a cited foundation in that analysis, grounding its findings in independent, empirical data. A companion publication, "Breaking Out of the Matrix," extends that work into the governance constraints of AI systems and the risks posed by unconstrained generative models in institutional settings — and draws on Graffius' work there as well.

Together, these publications reflect COMPAiSS' conviction that controlled inference and auditability are not optional features — they are prerequisites for responsible AI in high-stakes environments.

Why Independent Research Shapes Governance Frameworks

Governance frameworks do not emerge from a vacuum. They are built on evidence: on empirical research that documents the actual performance of AI systems, including where they fail, and how those failures change over time. Independent researchers who investigate these questions provide the kind of foundational insight that institutional frameworks need to be credible. That is the gap that work like Graffius' helps fill.

Conclusion: Getting AI Right Requires More Than Getting It Working

The conversation around AI hallucinations is ongoing and intensifying as deployments deepen and the margin for error narrows. What's becoming clear is that responsible AI adoption requires more than technical capability. It requires governance infrastructure, accountability mechanisms, and a shared body of research to draw from.

This also points to a broader shift underway in enterprise AI: away from unconstrained generative models deployed on enthusiasm, and toward governed, auditable systems built for institutional accountability. The organizations leading that shift are not simply adopting AI — they are architecting the conditions under which AI can be trusted, drawing on the collective work of researchers, practitioners, and governance architects. The inclusion of Graffius' research in COMPAiSS reflects that broader effort to build AI systems that organizations can trust.

AI's promise gets it in the door. Quality, reliability, and governance are what keep it there.

ai-governance-initiative-uses-graffius-research---quote-IG-v2-lwres

ai-governance-initiative-uses-graffius-research---quote-IG-v2-lwres

References

Agenda Digitale. (2026, May 6). L’AI può aiutare a studiare, ma solo se insegna a ragionare. https://www.agendadigitale.eu/scuola-digitale/lai-puo-aiutare-a-studiare-ma-solo-se-insegna-a-ragionare/
AIUnpacking. (2026, April 15). How to Avoid AI Hallucinations: A Practical 2026 Checklist. https://aiunpacking.com/blog/how-to-avoid-ai-hallucinations/
Asky. (2026, May 26). Navigating AI perception challenges in social marketing. https://askylabs.com/learn/social-and-brand-signal-amplification/ai-perception-challenges-social-marketing
BuzzStream. (2026, April 8). Do Americans Use AI for News? https://www.buzzstream.com/blog/ai-news-usage/
COMPAiSS. (n.d.). Hallucination rates [PDF]. https://compaiss.ca/assets/hallucination_rates-fr.pdf
COMPAiSS. (2026, May). Breaking out of the matrix (Version 3.2) [PDF]. https://compaiss.ca/assets/breaking_out_of_the_matrix_v3_2.pdf
Cottrill Research. (n.d.). AI Hallucination Benchmark Resources Added to Index Collection. https://cottrillresearch.com/ai-hallucination-benchmark-resources-added-to-index-collection/
FlowEdge. (2026, March 13). AI Tools: ChatGPT Limitations as an AI Proposal Writer. https://getflowedge.com/ai-tools/chatgpt-limitations-as-an-ai-proposal-writer/
Graffius, S. M. (2025, June 17). PMI’s Infinity AI Gets the Basics of Team Development Alarmingly and Repeatedly Wrong. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.32957.93927
Graffius, S. M. (2026, January 7). Are AI Hallucinations Getting Better or Worse? We Analyzed the Data. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.33179.53285 [COMPAiSS lists it in French as: Graffius S.M. (2026). Les hallucinations de l'IA s'améliorent-elles ou s'aggravent-elles? Nous avons analysé les données. DOI : 10.13140/RG.2.2.33179.53285.]
Grokipedia. (n.d.). ChatGPT. https://grokipedia.com/page/ChatGPT
Ha, D. (2026, May 2). AI Hallucinations Risk in LLM Lifecycle [LinkedIn post]. https://www.linkedin.com/posts/dannyhaprofile_aihallucinations-aigovernance-llmrisk-activity-7456485913309810688-bfcI/
Laughman AI. (2026, May 16). 知能のブリーダー：人間とAIの存在論的境界、そして自律進化するデジタル生態系の夜明け. https://note.com/betaitohuman/n/n32c36b9890c2
LoudScale. (2026, February 15). How to Fact-Check AI Content Before Publishing (2026). https://loudscale.com/blog/fact-check-ai-content-before-publishing/
LSS4Managers. (2026, February 27). How to Detect AI Hallucinations? A Way to Deal with Fake Data! https://lss4managers.com/jak-wykryc-halucynacje-ai-sposob-na-falszywe-dane/
Mental Momentum AI. (n.d.). How Could AI Change Scientific Discovery? 5 Scenarios. https://research.mental-momentum.ai/r/how-ai-could-change-scientific-discovery-rh80aj
Perplexity. (2026, February 12). Study Finds Celebrated AI Model Guesses Answers, Lacks Cognition. Perplexity AI stand-alone article. https://www.perplexity.ai/page/experts-say-ai-lacks-true-huma-JfKEeQvcRhCddq0tgTAiMw
Scintilena. (2026, May 1). Perché le AI Generative Falliscono in Geografia: Errori di Localizzazione, Prossimità e Allucinazioni. https://www.scintilena.com/perche-le-ai-generative-falliscono-in-geografia-errori-di-localizzazione-prossimita-e-allucinazioni/05/01/
Seopedia. (n.d.). Que es un RAG en IA (Retrieval-Augmented Generation). https://seopedia.es/blog/que-es-un-rag-en-ia/
Swizero. (2026, March 28). Your AI Email Assistant Saves 40% But 77% Feel Busier. https://www.swizero.com/blog/how-ai-email-assistants-actually-work
Walczak, T. (2026, February 26). Jak Wykryć Halucynacje AI? Sposób na Fałszywe Dane! [LinkedIn post]. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/jak-wykry%C4%87-halucynacje-ai-spos%C3%B3b-na-fa%C5%82szywe-dane-walczak--ynluf/

About COMPAiSS

COMPAiSS is a Canada-based AI governance initiative focused on institutional environments where accuracy, accountability, and policy fidelity are non-negotiable. Rather than treating AI as a general-purpose generative system, COMPAiSS is designed for regulated settings such as universities, healthcare systems, government agencies, and professional bodies, where information must be delivered strictly within authorized institutional boundaries. Its architecture emphasizes execution-gated inference — meaning AI responses are only generated when a question falls within defined scope and when authoritative institutional sources are available to support an answer. In contrast to conventional “generate-then-filter” AI systems, COMPAiSS positions authorization as a prerequisite to inference, aiming to reduce hallucinations by preventing unsupported generation at the source. The initiative’s work is positioned within a broader effort to reframe AI not just as a productivity tool, but as a governed institutional system aligned with compliance, auditability, and operational risk management.

About Scott M. Graffius

Scott M. Graffius is a strategic transformation leader who drives AI, Agile, and broader business and technology initiatives to deliver measurable value across projects, programs, portfolios, and PMOs. He is an expert in the teamwork tradecraft of both human and human-AI teams, including the “exotic team dynamics” that emerge. He is also an authority on the temporal patterns of social media, including the half-life of audience engagement.

He’s a practitioner, researcher, thought leader, award-winning author, and keynote speaker who’s taken the stage at 98 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

He’s delivered over $2.51 billion in value for Fortune 500 companies and other leaders in technology, entertainment, financial services, healthcare, and beyond.

Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities use Graffius and feature his work. Examples include Adobe, Bayer, Boston University, Ford, Gartner, Harvard Medical School, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, Microsoft, MSN, National Academy of Sciences, Oracle, Pinterest Inc., Project Management Institute, UC San Diego, Verizon, Yale University, and others.

The following sections provide additional information on his experience, contributions, and influence.

Experience

Graffius heads the professional services firm Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions, along with its subsidiary Exceptional Agility. These consultancies offer strategic and tactical advisory, training, embedded expertise, and consulting services to the public, private, and government sectors. They help organizations enhance their capabilities and results in agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership, supporting innovation and driving competitive advantage. The consultancies confidently back services with a Delighted Client Guarantee™.

Graffius is a former VP of project management with a publicly traded provider of diverse consumer products and services over the Internet. Before that, he ran and supervised the delivery of projects and programs in public and private organizations with businesses ranging from e-commerce to advanced technology products and services, retail, manufacturing, entertainment, and more.

He has experience with consumer, business, reseller, government, and international markets.

Award-Winning Author

Graffius has authored three books.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions, his first book, earned 17 awards.
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, his second book, was named one of the best Scrum books of all time by BookAuthority.
Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum, his third book and his first work of fiction, was released in April 2025. The book trailer is on YouTube.

International Public Speaker

Organizations worldwide engage Graffius to present on tech (including AI), Agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership. He crafts and delivers unique and compelling talks and workshops. Graffius has conducted 98 sessions across 25 countries. Select examples of events include Agile Trends Gov, BSides (Newcastle Upon Tyne), Conf42 Quantum Computing, DevDays Europe, DevOps Institute, DevOpsDays (Geneva), Frug’Agile, IEEE, Microsoft, Scottish Summit, Scrum Alliance RSG (Nepal), Techstars, and W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference (Helsinki), and more.

With an average rating of 4.81 (on a scale of 1-5), sessions are highly valued.

The speaker engagement request form is here.

Thought Leadership and Influence

Prominent businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities have showcased Graffius and his contributions—spanning his books, talks, workshops, and beyond. Select examples include:

Adobe,
American Management Association,
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
Bayer,
BMC Software,
Boston University,
Broadcom,
Cisco,
Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts - Germany,
Computer Weekly,
Constructor University - Germany,
Data Governance Success,
Deimos Aerospace,
DevOps Institute,
Dropbox,
EU's European Commission,
Ford Motor Company,
Gartner,
GoDaddy,
Harvard Medical School,
Hasso Plattner Institute - Germany,
IEEE,
Innovation Project Management,
Johns Hopkins University,
Journal of Neurosurgery,
Lam Research (Semiconductors),
Leadership Worthy,
Life Sciences Trainers and Educators Network,
London South Bank University,
Microsoft,
MSN,
NASSCOM,
National Academy of Sciences,
New Zealand Government,
Oracle,
Pinterest Inc.,
Project Management Institute,
Mary Raum (Professor of National Security Affairs, United States Naval War College),
SANS Institute,
SBG Neumark - Germany,
Singapore Institute of Technology,
Torrens University - Australia,
TBS Switzerland,
Tufts University,
UC San Diego,
UK Sports Institute,
University of Galway - Ireland,
US Department of Energy,
US National Park Service,
US Soccer,
US Tennis Association,
Verizon,
Wrike,
Yale University,
and many others.

Graffius has played a key role in the Project Management Institute (PMI) in developing professional standards. He was a member of multiple teams that authored, reviewed, and produced:

Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Eighth Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition
The Standard for Program Management – Fourth Edition
Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures – Second Edition
The Practice Standard for Project Estimating – Second Edition

Certified SAFe 6 Agilist (SA),
Certified Scrum Professional - ScrumMaster (CSP-SM),
Certified Scrum Professional - Product Owner (CSP-PO),
Certified ScrumMaster (CSM),
Certified Scrum Product Owner (CSPO),
Project Management Professional (PMP),
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt (LSSGB), and
IT Service Management Foundation (ITIL).

Connect with and follow Scott on LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Threads, Bluesky, Mastodon, and ResearchGate.

scottgraffius-com-article-sections-v2026-more-lwres

List of Additional Articles

How to Cite This Article

Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 5). AI Governance Initiative Cites Scott M. Graffius Research on AI Hallucinations. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/ai-governance-initiative-uses-graffius-research.html

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Coming soon

Content Acknowledgements

Names, marks, and content are the property of their respective owners.

#Agile
#AI
#AIGovernance
#AIHallucinations
#AIReliability
#AISafety
#ArtificialIntelligence
#Auditability
#COMPAiSS
#Compliance
#DigitalTransformation
#EmergingTech
#EnterpriseAI
#GenerativeAI
#Governance
#LLM
#MachineLearning
#ModelRisk
#PMO
#ProjectManagement
#ResponsibleAI
#RiskManagement
#TechGovernance
#TrustInAI
#TrustworthyAI

Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

Copyright

Tags: Agile • AI • AI Governance • AI Hallucinations • AI Reliability • COMPAiSS • Enterprise AI • Generative AI • Responsible AI • Scott M. Graffius • Technology • Do AI Hallucinations Improve or Worsen Over Time? We Analyzed the Data • Project Management • Machine Learning • Institutional Accountability • Governance Frameworks

Scott M. Graffius Contributed to the Agile Practice Guide - Second Edition

03 June 2026

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

scott-m-graffius-contributed-to-agile-practice-guide-second-edition---lwres

The Agile Practice Guide stands as one of the most influential resources in project management and organizational agility. Developed through a collaboration between the Project Management Institute (PMI) and Agile Alliance, it was designed to help practitioners understand and apply agile, hybrid, and adaptive approaches across industries and organizational contexts.

The guide addresses agile principles, delivery life cycles, team dynamics, leadership, organizational culture, and methods for tailoring approaches to varying degrees of uncertainty and complexity. By integrating agile concepts with broader project management disciplines, it offers a flexible, pragmatic framework for improving responsiveness, collaboration, value delivery, and outcomes.

Now, building on the reach and impact of the original, the forthcoming Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition (scheduled for release July 27, 2026) expands and modernizes that guidance for today's rapidly evolving business and technology landscape. The new edition reflects emerging trends, broader applications of agility, and situational guidance to help practitioners tailor approaches more effectively across varying contexts and organizational environments. It is available here.

That kind of expanded scope requires professionals who bring both deep expertise and broad cross-industry experience. Scott M. Graffius fits that profile. A recognized authority on project management and agile delivery, he contributed to the Second Edition, as shown in the visual at the top of this article and below. His involvement reflects a pattern of sustained contribution to the profession's most consequential published standards.

scott-m-graffius-contributed-to-agile-practice-guide-second-edition---ig-lwres

scott-m-graffius-contributed-to-agile-practice-guide-second-edition---ig-lwres

Graffius has worked on six PMI industry standards and guidance publications in total:

Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Eighth Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition
The Standard for Program Management – Fourth Edition
Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures – Second Edition
The Practice Standard for Project Estimating – Second Edition

About the Project Management Institute

About the Agile Alliance

Founded in 2001 by the authors of the Agile Manifesto, the Agile Alliance is dedicated to advancing agile software development principles and practices — with an emphasis on collaboration, customer focus, and adaptability. The organization supports its community through conferences, resources, and local groups. In 2025, the Agile Alliance joined the Project Management Institute, deepening the integration of agile and traditional project management practices and expanding opportunities for professionals worldwide. Visit the Agile Alliance website at https://agilealliance.org to learn more.

Bibliography/References

Agile Alliance. (n.d.). https://agilealliance.org/

Graffius, S. M. (2025, February 12). Scott M. Graffius' Role in Advancing Project Management Institute (PMI) Standards Excellence. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/scott-m-graffius-role-in-advancing-project-management-institute-(pmi)-standards.html

Graffius, S. M. (2025, November 13). Scott M. Graffius Contributed to and Reviewed the PMBOK Guide, 8th Edition — the Global Standard for Project Management. ScottGraffius.com. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.25557.69601

Project Management Institute. (n.d.). https://www.pmi.org

Project Management Institute. (2006). Practice standard for work breakdown structures (2nd ed.). Project Management Institute.

Project Management Institute. (2017). The standard for program management (4th ed.). Project Management Institute.

Project Management Institute. (2017). A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide) (6th ed.). Project Management Institute.

Project Management Institute. (2019). The practice standard for project estimating (2nd ed.). Project Management Institute.

Project Management Institute. (2026). A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide) (8th ed.). Project Management Institute.

Project Management Institute. (2026). Agile practice guide (2nd ed.). Project Management Institute.

About Scott M. Graffius

Scott M. Graffius is a strategic transformation leader who drives AI, Agile, and broader business and technology initiatives to deliver measurable value across projects, programs, portfolios, and PMOs. He is an expert in the teamwork tradecraft of both human and human-AI teams, including the “exotic team dynamics” that emerge. He is also an authority on the temporal patterns of social media, including the half-life of audience engagement.

He’s a practitioner, researcher, thought leader, award-winning author, and keynote speaker who’s taken the stage at 98 conferences and other events across 25 countries.

He’s delivered over $2.51 billion in value for Fortune 500 companies and other leaders in technology, entertainment, financial services, healthcare, and beyond.

Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities use Graffius and feature his work. Examples include Adobe, Bayer, Boston University, Ford, Gartner, Harvard Medical School, IEEE, Johns Hopkins University, Microsoft, MSN, National Academy of Sciences, Oracle, Pinterest Inc., Project Management Institute, UC San Diego, Verizon, Yale University, and others.

The following sections provide additional information on his experience, contributions, and influence.

Experience

Graffius heads the professional services firm Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions, along with its subsidiary Exceptional Agility. These consultancies offer strategic and tactical advisory, training, embedded expertise, and consulting services to the public, private, and government sectors. They help organizations enhance their capabilities and results in agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership, supporting innovation and driving competitive advantage. The consultancies confidently back services with a Delighted Client Guarantee™.

Graffius is a former VP of project management with a publicly traded provider of diverse consumer products and services over the Internet. Before that, he ran and supervised the delivery of projects and programs in public and private organizations with businesses ranging from e-commerce to advanced technology products and services, retail, manufacturing, entertainment, and more.

He has experience with consumer, business, reseller, government, and international markets.

Award-Winning Author

Graffius has authored three books.

Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions, his first book, earned 17 awards.
Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, his second book, was named one of the best Scrum books of all time by BookAuthority.
Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum, his third book and his first work of fiction, was released in April 2025. The book trailer is on YouTube.

International Public Speaker

Organizations worldwide engage Graffius to present on tech (including AI), Agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and PMO leadership. He crafts and delivers unique and compelling talks and workshops. Graffius has conducted 98 sessions across 25 countries. Select examples of events include Agile Trends Gov, BSides (Newcastle Upon Tyne), Conf42 Quantum Computing, DevDays Europe, DevOps Institute, DevOpsDays (Geneva), Frug’Agile, IEEE, Microsoft, Scottish Summit, Scrum Alliance RSG (Nepal), Techstars, and W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference (Helsinki), and more.

With an average rating of 4.81 (on a scale of 1-5), sessions are highly valued.

The speaker engagement request form is here.

Thought Leadership and Influence

Prominent businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities have showcased Graffius and his contributions—spanning his books, talks, workshops, and beyond. Select examples include:

Adobe,
American Management Association,
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
Bayer,
BMC Software,
Boston University,
Broadcom,
Cisco,
Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts - Germany,
Computer Weekly,
Constructor University - Germany,
Data Governance Success,
Deimos Aerospace,
DevOps Institute,
Dropbox,
EU's European Commission,
Ford Motor Company,
Gartner,
GoDaddy,
Harvard Medical School,
Hasso Plattner Institute - Germany,
IEEE,
Innovation Project Management,
Johns Hopkins University,
Journal of Neurosurgery,
Lam Research (Semiconductors),
Leadership Worthy,
Life Sciences Trainers and Educators Network,
London South Bank University,
Microsoft,
MSN,
NASSCOM,
National Academy of Sciences,
New Zealand Government,
Oracle,
Pinterest Inc.,
Project Management Institute,
Mary Raum (Professor of National Security Affairs, United States Naval War College),
SANS Institute,
SBG Neumark - Germany,
Singapore Institute of Technology,
Torrens University - Australia,
TBS Switzerland,
Tufts University,
UC San Diego,
UK Sports Institute,
University of Galway - Ireland,
US Department of Energy,
US National Park Service,
US Soccer,
US Tennis Association,
Verizon,
Wrike,
Yale University,
and many others.

Graffius has played a key role in the Project Management Institute (PMI) in developing professional standards. He was a member of multiple teams that authored, reviewed, and produced:

Agile Practice Guide – Second Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Eighth Edition
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition
The Standard for Program Management – Fourth Edition
Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures – Second Edition
The Practice Standard for Project Estimating – Second Edition

Certified SAFe 6 Agilist (SA),
Certified Scrum Professional - ScrumMaster (CSP-SM),
Certified Scrum Professional - Product Owner (CSP-PO),
Certified ScrumMaster (CSM),
Certified Scrum Product Owner (CSPO),
Project Management Professional (PMP),
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt (LSSGB), and
IT Service Management Foundation (ITIL).

Connect with and follow Scott on LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Threads, Bluesky, Mastodon, and ResearchGate.

scottgraffius-com-article-sections-v2026-more-lwres

List of Additional Articles

How to Cite This Article

Graffius, S. M. (2026, June 3). Scott M. Graffius Contributed to the Agile Practice Guide - Second Edition. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/scott-m-graffius-contributed-to-agile-practice-guide-second-edition.html

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Coming soon

Content Acknowledgements

Scott M. Graffius contributed to the Agile Practice Guide - Second Edition. Project Management Institute (PMI) and Agile Alliance names, marks, and content are the property of PMI and Agile Alliance. This article includes limited excerpts, attributed and used under fair use doctrine for purposes of news reporting, commentary, and analysis.

#Agile
#AgileAlliance
#AgilePracticeGuide
#Agility
#EnterpriseAgility
#Leadership
#ProjectManagement
#ProjectManagementInstitute

Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

Copyright

Tags: Agile • Agile Project Management • Agile Alliance • Agility • Enterprise agility • Leadership • project management • Project Management Institute • PMI • Agile Practice Guide • Agile Practice Guide - Second Edition •

Scott M. Graffius Generated Over $2.51 Billion in Business Value for Fortune 500 Companies and Other Organizations

27 May 2026

BY SCOTT M. GRAFFIUS | ScottGraffius.com

scott-m-graffius-generated-over-2-51-billion-dollars-in-business-value---lwres

Introduction

Scott M. Graffius is a strategic transformation leader, researcher, award-winning author, and international public speaker whose work sits at the intersection of AI, Agile, and project, program, portfolio, and enterprise PMO leadership. Graffius has spearheaded initiatives that have generated over $2.51 billion in business value for Fortune 500 companies and other organizations spanning technology, entertainment and media, financial services, healthcare, social media, and beyond.

Businesses, professional associations, government agencies, universities, publications, and media outlets use Graffius and his work. Examples include Adobe, Bayer, Boston University, Ford, Gartner, Harvard Medical School, IEEE, Innovation Project Management, Johns Hopkins University, Microsoft, MSN, National Academy of Sciences, Oracle, Pinterest Inc., Project Management Institute, UC San Diego, Verizon, Yale University, and others.

The following sections highlight his experience, leadership, contributions, research, and enduring influence across industries and institutions worldwide.

scott_m_graffius_-_blue_-_1000x1000_-lwres

Experience

Graffius heads the professional services firm Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions, along with its subsidiary Exceptional Agility. These consultancies offer strategic and tactical advisory, training, embedded expertise, and consulting services to the public, private, and government sectors. They help organizations enhance their capabilities and results in agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and enterprise PMO leadership, supporting innovation and driving competitive advantage. The consultancies confidently back services with a Delighted Client Guarantee™.

Graffius is a former VP of project management with a publicly traded provider of diverse consumer products and services over the Internet. Before that, he ran and supervised the delivery of projects and programs in public and private organizations with businesses ranging from e-commerce to advanced technology products and services, retail, manufacturing, entertainment and media, and more.

He has experience with consumer, business, reseller, government, and international markets.

Additional information is on LinkedIn.

Award-Winning Author

Graffius has authored three books.

Graffius' first book, Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions, earned 17 awards. It provides a practical, step-by-step guide to Scrum, enabling teams to deliver products in short cycles with rapid adaptation, fast time-to-market, and continuous improvement—which supports innovation and drives competitive advantage.

Paperback ISBN-13: 9781533370242
Kindle ASIN: B01FZ0JIIY

Additional information on Agile Scrum: Your Quick Start Guide with Step-by-Step Instructions is here.

His second book, Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change, was named one of the best Scrum books of all time by BookAuthority. It tells the compelling story of an entertainment company's agile transformation—offering lessons that apply across industries.

Paperback ISBN-13: 9781072447962
Kindle ASIN: B07R9LJLPJ

Additional information on Agile Transformation: A Brief Story of How an Entertainment Company Developed New Capabilities and Unlocked Business Agility to Thrive in an Era of Rapid Change is here.

Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum, is his third book—and his first work of fiction.

It's a fast-paced satirical story by that dismantles corporate Agile cosplay and other forms of "fake Agile" while delivering practical insights, actionable guidance, and proven practices for real-world Agile transformation success.

Packed with humor, quirky characters, sharp commentary on corporate culture and workplace absurdities, and actionable tips, it’s a must-read for Scrum Masters, Product Owners, Agile Coaches, Agile Project Managers, and other professionals interested in Agile project management and enterprise agility.

Kindle ASIN: B0F2SJ83WT
Audible ASIN: B0DJG163R5

Additional information on Agile Protocol: The Transformation Ultimatum is here.

Agile Protocol - sq - v260427-top9G-IG lwres

International Public Speaker

Organizations worldwide engage Graffius to present on technology (including AI), Agile, project management, program management, portfolio management, and enterprise PMO leadership. He crafts and delivers unique and compelling talks and workshops.

Graffius has conducted 98 sessions across 25 countries. Select examples of events include Agile Trends Gov, BSides (Newcastle Upon Tyne), Conf42 Quantum Computing, DevDays Europe, DevOps Institute, DevOpsDays (Geneva), Frug’Agile, IEEE, Microsoft, Scottish Summit, Scrum Alliance RSG (Nepal), Techstars, and W Love Games International Video Game Development Conference (Helsinki), and more.

With an average rating of 4.81 (on a scale of 1-5), sessions are highly valued.

The request form is here.

Thought Leadership and Influence

Prominent businesses, professional associations, government agencies, and universities have showcased Graffius and his contributions—spanning his books, talks, workshops, and beyond. Select examples include:

Adobe,
American Management Association,
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute,
Bayer,
BCG,
BMC Software,
Boston University,
Broadcom,
Cisco,
Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts - Germany,
Computer Weekly,
Constructor University - Germany,
Data Governance Success,
Deimos Aerospace,
DevOps Institute,
Dropbox,
EU's European Commission,
Ford Motor Company,
Gartner,
GoDaddy,
Harvard Medical School,
Hasso Plattner Institute - Germany,
IEEE,
Innovation Project Management,
Johns Hopkins University,
Journal of Neurosurgery,
Lam Research (Semiconductors),
Leadership Worthy,
Life Sciences Trainers and Educators Network,
London South Bank University,
Microsoft,
MSN,
NASSCOM,
National Academy of Sciences,
New Zealand Government,
Oracle,
Pinterest Inc.,
Project Management Institute,
Mary Raum (Professor of National Security Affairs, United States Naval War College),
SANS Institute,
SBG Neumark - Germany,
Singapore Institute of Technology,
Torrens University - Australia,
TBS Switzerland,
Tufts University,
UC San Diego,
UK Sports Institute,
University of Galway - Ireland,
US Department of Energy,
US National Park Service,
US Soccer,
US Tennis Association,
Verizon,
Wrike,
Yale University,
and many others.

Graffius has played a key role in the Project Management Institute (PMI) in developing professional standards. He was a member of multiple teams that authored, reviewed, and produced:

Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structures—Second Edition.
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide)—Sixth Edition.
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide)—Eighth Edition.
The Standard for Program Management—Fourth Edition.
The Practice Standard for Project Estimating—Second Edition.

Additional details are here.

He was also a subject matter expert reviewer of content for the PMI’s Congress. Beyond the PMI, Graffius also served as a member of the review team for two of the Scrum Alliance’s Global Scrum Gatherings.

Authority on Teamwork Tradecraft

Graffius is a renowned and highly-cited authority on teamwork tradecraft. Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 150 subsequent studies, and Graffius' first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his "Phases of Team Development" intellectual property as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development.

First introduced in 2008 and periodically updated, his work provides a diagnostic and strategic guide for navigating team dynamics. It provides actionable insights for leaders across industries to develop high-performance teams.

nsdm-publication-by-nsa-raum-referenced-work-by-graffius-on-team-development---2026-refresh-IG-lwres

nsdm-publication-by-nsa-raum-referenced-work-by-graffius-on-team-development---2026-refresh-IG-lwres

Its adoption by esteemed organizations—such as Yale University, IEEE, Cisco, Microsoft, Ford, Oracle, Broadcom, the U.S. National Park Service, and the Journal of Neurosurgery, among others—highlights its utility and value, solidifying its status as an indispensable resource for elevating team performance and driving organizational excellence.

In 2026, Graffius added human-AI teamwork—including the "exotic team dynamics" which emerge when advanced AI collaborates as a teammate—to his "Phases of Team Development." The 2026 edition is here.

Expert on Temporal Dynamics on Social Media Platforms

Graffius is also an authority on temporal dynamics on social media platforms. His "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" research—first published in 2018 and updated annually—delivers a precise quantitative analysis of post longevity across digital platforms, utilizing advanced statistical techniques to determine mean half-life with precision. It establishes a solid empirical base, effectively highlighting the ephemeral nature of content within social media ecosystems.

Referenced and applied by leading entities—such as Fast Company, GoDaddy, Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume), Ministère de la Culture, Pinterest Inc., PNAS, and Telecommunications Policy, among others—his research exemplifies methodological rigor and sustained significance in the field of digital informatics.

The 2026 edition of Graffius "Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts" research is here.

Education and Professional Certifications

Graffius has a bachelor’s degree in psychology with a focus in Human Factors. He holds eight professional certifications:

Certified SAFe 6 Agilist (SA),
Certified Scrum Professional - ScrumMaster (CSP-SM),
Certified Scrum Professional - Product Owner (CSP-PO),
Certified ScrumMaster (CSM),
Certified Scrum Product Owner (CSPO),
Project Management Professional (PMP),
Lean Six Sigma Green Belt (LSSGB), and
IT Service Management Foundation (ITIL).

He is an active member of the Scrum Alliance, the Project Management Institute (PMI), and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

Advancing AI, Agile, and Project/PMO Management

Scott M. Graffius continues to advance the fields of AI, Agile, and Project/PMO Management through his leadership, research, writing, and real-world impact. Businesses and other organizations leverage Graffius’ insights to drive their success.

Booking

Connect with and follow Scott on LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Bluesky, Mastodon, and ResearchGate.

scottgraffius-com-article-sections-v2026-more-lwres

List of Additional Articles

How to Cite This Article

Graffius, S. M. (2026, May 27). Scott M. Graffius Generated Over $2.51 Billion in Business Value for Fortune 500 Companies and Other Organizations. ScottGraffius.com. https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/scott-m-graffius-generated-over-2-51-billion-dollars-in-business-value.html

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Coming soon

Content Acknowledgements

Names, marks, and content are the property of their respective owners.

#AILeadership
#AgileMindset
#AgileTransformation
#BusinessValue
#DigitalTransformation
#EnterpriseSuccess
#ExoticTeamDynamics
#Fortune500
#HumanAICollaboration
#InnovationLeadership
#LeadershipDevelopment
#PMO
#PhasesOfTeamDevelopment
#ProjectManagement
#ScottMGraffius
#Speaker
#Author

Post-Publication Notes

If there are any supplements or updates to this article after the date of publication, they will appear here.

Copyright

Tags: Scott M Graffius • Organizational Performance • AI Leadership • Team Development • Pubic Speaker • Project Management • PMO Leadership • Phases of Team Development • Lifespan (Half-Life) of Social Media Posts • Human AI Collaboration • Fortune 500 Success • Exotic Team Dynamics • Enterprise Agility • Award-Winning Author • Agile Transformation